低周反复荷载下两跨两层轻钢框架抗震性能试验研究

本文通过两跨两层轻钢框架试件的低周反复加载试验,研究了轻钢框架结构在地震作用下的滞回性能、耗能机制、耗能能力、刚度退化和破坏形态,结果显示轻钢框架具有很好的抗震性能,节点域耗能能力强。论文结论可为多层轻钢框架的抗震设计提供依据。     

低周反复扭矩下再生混凝土受扭构件抗震性能试验研究

通过对两根再生混凝土试件(再生骨料替代率为100%)在低周反复纯扭荷载作用下的抗震性能试验,对再生混凝土纯扭试件的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能能力等进行了分析。研究表明,再生混凝土受扭试件在低周反复扭矩作用下滞回环呈反S形,延性系数在3.67～4.14之间,具有良好的抗震性能。结合混凝土结构设计规范推导了抗扭承载力的计算公式,其计算值与试验值符合较好,具有一定的参考价值。     

低周反复荷载下方钢管混凝土框架抗震性能的试验研究

通过对一榀两跨三层的方钢管混凝土组合框架在低周反复荷载作用下的模型试验，深入研究了方钢管混凝土组合框架的滞回性能、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化等抗震性能。研究结果表明：方钢管混凝土结构的抗震性能优于混凝土结构。     

低周反复荷载下高性能混凝土震损框架的抗震性能

基于预应力与非预应力高性能混凝土震损框架的低周反复荷载试验，对其受力过程、破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、恢复力模型、变形恢复能力、刚度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能进行较为深入的研究与分析。研究表明：高性能混凝土震损框架的抗震性能较震损前有明显的降低，但仍具有一定的抗震能力。     

足尺变刚度控制系统性能试验与计算模型

本文充分考虑了实际工程应用中的诸多因素,成功地研制了40吨足尺变刚度控制系统并对其进行了性能试验,实现了模型试验到实用样机的转化,性能试验结果表明,该足系统的性能满足各项设计技术要求,系统滞回曲线说明系统充分发挥了可变刚度的吸能,释能减振控制作用,在此基础上,文中研究了足尺系统的设计与控制算法,试验工况与试验结果以及计算模型。     

较小剪跨比轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙抗震性能试验

提出了一种轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙结构,首次进行了4个较小剪跨比轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙试件的低周反复荷载试验,试件区分在于尾砂微晶发泡板强度、龙骨间是否填充砌块及有无拼接板缝。分析了各试件的强度、刚度、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特征。研究结果表明:轻钢与尾砂微晶发泡板具有良好的共同工作性能;弹性阶段尾砂微晶发泡板呈剪切变形,且其变形发展受轻钢龙骨和镶嵌的分布钢筋制约;尾砂微晶发泡板强度可以明显提高结构的承载力;构件拼缝对结构的承载力有降低作用;轻钢龙骨间填充轻质砌块可显著提高其抗震性能。     

钢混凝土组合梁低周反复荷载试验研究

本文基于钢－混凝土组合梁的低周反复荷载试验，对其破坏形态、滞回曲线、抗震延性、耗能能力、刚度退化、变形恢复能力等抗震性能进行了较为深入的研究，研究结果表明：钢－混凝土组合梁具有良好的抗震性能。     

反复荷载下的腹板开孔轻钢龙骨砌体围护墙体抗冲击性能建模分析

针对现有围护墙体抗冲击性能分析模型存在的分析效果差的问题,在考虑反复荷载的前提下,设计腹板开孔轻钢龙骨砌体围护墙体抗冲击性能模型。根据围护墙体的组成结构、材料性能,构建相应的有限元模型。根据地震数据生成反复荷载,模拟反复荷载的加载过程。设置位移、变形、位移延性和刚度退化量作为抗冲击性能的量化测试指标,通过有限元模型数据的提取与计算,得出最终的抗冲击性能分析结果。经过实验分析,发现设计模型的输出结果与实测结果基本一致,能够将数据偏差控制在0.1以下,即设计围护墙体抗冲击性能模型具有良好的分析效果。     

新型钢管混凝土柱框架节点低周反复荷载试验研究

本文介绍了新型钢管混凝土柱框架节 低以复荷载作用下的试验结果,对其抗震性能进行了探讨,并提出了改进设计的建议。     

低周反复荷载下预应力高性能混凝土梁的抗震性能

基于预应力高性能混凝土梁的低周反复荷载试验，对其破坏形态、滞回曲线、延性、耗能能力、刚度退化、变形恢复能力等抗震性能进行了较为深入的研究。研究结果表明：预应力高性能混凝土梁具有较好的抗震性能。     

反复荷载下型钢混凝土柱受扭损伤试验研究

为研究型钢混凝土柱在反复荷载下的受扭损伤,完成了11根型钢混凝土柱和1根钢筋混凝土柱复合受扭试验。通过试验观察了构件的受力过程和破坏特征,研究两种不同型钢混凝土柱的裂缝开展与分布规律。基于能量守恒定律,考察了柱截面配钢形式、扭弯比、轴压比、混凝土强度等级、配箍率以及配钢率对累积损伤的影响。研究结果表明:型钢混凝土柱的损伤演变分为3个阶段:弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和破坏阶段;配钢形式、扭弯比和配箍率是影响型钢混凝土柱损伤程度的重要因素;配型钢,降低扭弯比和提高配箍率对于损伤指标分别最大降低了22.1%、14.3%和14.0%;损伤指标受轴压比、配钢率和混凝土强度等级影响程度较小。     

反复荷载作用下型钢混凝土L形柱的受力性能

为了揭示型钢混凝土L形柱在地震作用下的受力性能,设计8个试件进行低周反复加载试验.试验分两批,第一批4个试件采用"建研式"加载,另外4个采用"悬臂柱式"加载.试验中考虑截面配钢形式、荷载加载方向、轴压比和剪跨比4个参数的影响.由试验获得了型钢混凝土L形柱的主要破坏形态和滞回曲线,分析了各参数对构件的破坏特点及滞回性能的影响,并对不同加载方式的试验结果进行了理论诠释.结果表明:型钢混凝土L形柱的破坏形态主要为剪切斜压破坏、剪弯破坏和弯曲破坏,破坏形态与剪跨比有关;构件具有良好的延性,极限侧移角大,耗能能力强,抗震性能好;L形柱截面不对称,采用"悬臂柱式"加载时,滞回曲线不对称,而"建研式"加载时,由于受到加载装置上下端头的约束,试件的滞回曲线对称.在框架结构中型钢混凝土L形柱受到刚性楼盖的约束,在水平荷载作用下滞回曲线是对称的.研究结果可供工程设计参考.     

开洞薄钢板剪力墙低周反复荷载试验研究

薄板墙的滞回曲线在零位移附近有零刚度现象,存在明显的捏缩效应,常规方法是直接采用中厚板或通过强大的加劲体系将薄板转化成中厚板,但这将降低薄板墙的经济性。通过两片开洞薄钢板墙低周反复荷载试验,系统地研究了开洞钢板墙的破坏过程和破坏机理,得到了承载力,侧移刚度,延性和耗能能力等指标。试验结果表明,开洞钢板墙有较高的承载力和侧移刚度,延性和耗能能力很好。开洞不仅可以满足门窗洞口等建筑需求,而且可以减小内填板宽度,调节内填板与框架的刚度比,避免薄板墙的捏缩效应,使构件有更高的安全储备,开洞钢板墙是一种理想的水平抗侧力构件。     

低周反复荷载作用下矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁连接节点的受力性能

本文进行了2种矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁连接节点——翼缘全螺栓(BFP)连接节点与外加强环(WFP-BW)连接节点在柱端低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验,分析比较了这2类节点与焊接翼缘板(WFP)连接节点在不同轴压比下的滞回性能、强度与刚度退化、延性比与耗能比、破坏机理与破坏特征,得出了一些有参考价值的结论。     

耗能段腹板高厚比对Y型偏心支撑钢框架滞回性能影响的试验研究

Y型偏心支撑钢框架是偏心支撑结构中抗震耗能的结构形式之一,为了研究Y型偏心支撑钢框架中耗能梁段腹板高厚比对结构滞回性能的影响,进行了2榀1/3缩尺Y型偏心支撑钢框架的低周反复荷载试验.本文主要介绍了试验过程,分析了Y型偏心支撑钢框架在循环荷载作用下的破坏机理、滞回性能、延性、刚度退化规律以及耗能能力.试验结果表明:Y型偏心支撑钢框架延性好、耗能能力强,耗能梁段腹板高厚比的改变对Y型偏心支撑钢框架强度、刚度以及耗能能力具有较大的影响.耗能梁段腹板高厚比设计得合理,Y型偏心支撑钢框架侧向刚度较大,可以满足在小震或中震作用下的结构变形要求,在大震作用下提供良好的变形能力和耗散地震能量的功能.     

Evaluation of plastic energy dissipation capacity of steel beams suffering ductile fracture under various loading histories

The energy dissipation capacity of a structure is a very important index that indicates the structural performance in energy‐based seismic design. This index depends greatly on the structural components that form the whole system. Owing to the wide use of the strong‐column weak‐beam strength hierarchy where steel beams dissipate the majority of earthquake input energy to the structures, it is necessary to evaluate the energy dissipation capacity of the beams. Under cyclic loadings such as seismic effects, the damage of the beams accumulates. Therefore, loading history is known to be the most pivotal factor influencing the deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the beams. Seismic loadings with significantly different characteristics are applied to structural beams during different types of earthquakes and there is no unique appropriate loading protocol that can represent all types of seismic loadings. This paper focuses on the effects of various loading histories on the deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the beams. Cyclic loading tests of steel beams were performed. In addition, some experimental results from published tests were also collected to form a database. This database was used to evaluate the energy dissipation capacity of steel beams suffering from ductile fracture under various loading histories. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fiber-based hysteretic model for simulating strength and stiffness deterioration of steel hollow structural section columns under cyclic loading

An efficient component model has been developed that captures strength and stiffness deterioration of steel hollow structural section (HSS) columns. The proposed model consists of two fiber-based segments at a member's ends along with an elastic segment in between. The fibers exhibit nonlinear uniaxial stress–strain behavior, which is explicitly defined by uniaxial monotonic tensile and cyclic round coupon tests. The postbuckling behavior of an HSS column is traced through a proposed uniaxial effective stress–strain constitutive formulation, which includes a softening branch in compression and an energy-based deterioration rule to trace the influence of cyclic deterioration in the inelastic cyclic straining. These may be inferred by uniaxial stub-column tests. The component model captures the coupling between the column axial force and flexural demands. Consistent model parameters for a number of steel materials used in the steel construction in North America and Japan are proposed along with the associated model calibration process. The efficiency of the proposed model in predicting the hysteretic behavior of HSS columns is demonstrated by comparisons with physical steel column tests subjected to various loading histories, including representative ones of ratcheting prior to earthquake-induced collapse. The proposed model is implemented in an open-source finite element software for nonlinear response history analysis of frame structures. The effectiveness of the proposed model in simulating dynamic instability of steel frame buildings is demonstrated through nonlinear response simulations of a four-story steel frame building, which was tested at full-scale through collapse. Limitations as well as suggestions for future work are discussed.     

Development of collapse-consistent loading protocols for experimental testing of steel columns

In order to effectively utilize results from quasi-static cyclic testing on structural components for the earthquake-induced collapse risk quantification of structures, the need exists to establish collapse-consistent loading protocols representing the asymmetric lateral drift demands of structures under low-probability of occurrence earthquakes. This paper summarizes the development of such protocols for experimental testing of steel columns prone to inelastic local buckling. The protocols are fully defined with a deformation- and a force-controlled parameter. They are generally applicable to quantify the capacity and demands of steel columns experiencing constant and variable axial load coupled with lateral drift demands. Through rigorous nonlinear earthquake collapse simulations, it is found that the building height, the column's local slenderness ratio, and ground motion type have the largest influence on the dual-parameter loading protocol indexes. Comprehensive comparisons with measured data from full-scale shake table collapse tests suggest that unlike routinely used symmetric cyclic loading histories, the proposed loading protocol provides sufficient information for modeling strength and stiffness deterioration in steel columns at large inelastic deformations.