鹤岗煤矿矿震与区域天然地震活动相关性分析

应用地震学方法，详细讨论了鹤岗矿震活动与区域天然地震的联系和区别。认为在东北地区第五个地震活跃期的影响下，在区域应力场和矿区构造应力场的作用下，鹤岗矿震活动明显增强。     

用小波包识别地震和矿震

在能检测到天然地震和矿震的区域，这两类地震的快速识别无论对于区域台网和矿区台网都具有现实意义。这两类震动都是非稳态信号，用传统的Fourier变换不能提取出信号的特征信息，小波包分析方法却能很好提取出信号的特征信息。本文提供了一种基于非参数识别算法，即把信号变换到频域，然后再用奇异值分解作为统计工具，提取出信号的特征信息，作为识别天然地震和矿震的识别因子。以辽宁抚顺2001年1月1日到2003年6月30的18个矿震和16个天然地震，以及北京门头沟2001年1月1日到2002年12月31日的15个矿震和14个天然地震为样本，提取出识别因子。最后，用其它的天然地震和矿震资料检验了识别因子的识别率。     

山东枣庄市峄城区吴林东矿矿震的调查

对山东遥测地震台网记录的2002年5月20日山东枣庄峄城ML3．6矿震的波形进行了分析处理，得出测震学测定天然地震震中的方法不完全适用矿震震中测定的结论，认为，应对矿震的波形特征，发生机理等问题进行深入的研究；应加强矿震的预报工作。     

兰州市红古区非天然地震记录特征分析

选取2010年1月至2020年8月期间甘肃区域测震台网记录的兰州市周边地区三分向宽频带数字波形资料,采用震中位置空间分布、波形特征及傅里叶频谱特征对比等多种方法相结合,分析兰州市红古区非天然地震活动的特性.结果显示:该区临近测震台记录的大量地震事件波形特征和傅里叶频谱特征与其他区域地震存在显著差异,符合非天然地震的典型...     

鹤岗地区地震、爆破与矿震记录的识别

对2009—2020年鹤岗地震台记录的鹤岗地区2.0≤ML≤3.0天然地震、爆破以及矿震进行对比分析,发现天然地震、爆破和矿震在波形上具有相似性,但均具有独特的震相特征.在此基础上,对波形进行频谱和小波变换分析,进一步识别天然地震、爆破及矿震,发现:天然地震事件的频域相对较宽且频率较高,能量不集中,成分也较为复杂,面波...     

乌江渡水库地震诱震条件及成因

本文通过近年来对乌江渡水库及乌江流域地震地质、水文地质考察,并对1981——1985年的地震记录图(九庄台、沙土台、温泉台、贵阳花溪台)重新分析、整理,编制了乌江渡水库地震目录,还借助光弹模拟实验、乌江渡水库地震的震源机制结果,对乌江渡水库地震的诱震条件及水库地震成因进行初步探讨.      

紫坪铺水库蓄水前天然地震活动

紫坪铺水库位于龙门山断裂带。了解和掌握水库蓄水前库坝区及其周围天然地震活动背景水平,可对水库诱发地震的危险性进行前期评价,可为蓄水后的诱发地震活动监测提供可靠的鉴别依据。紫坪铺水库地震台网在水库蓄水前运行逾1年,本文用这批资料提供表征库区及附近和库坝区蓄水前天然地震活动水平确切实用的各项指标。用全国和四川台网地震资料,给出含库区的较大区域地震活动背景和对库区的影响。     

基于AlexNet卷积神经网络模型的宁夏天然地震和非天然地震识别研究

宁夏回族自治区及周边天然地震和非天然地震频发,精确快速识别天然和非天然地震有利于震后应急响应、科学研究、赈灾救援等工作。基于AlexNet卷积神经网络模型,选取宁夏境内及周边130个地震事件（天然地震80个、非天然地震50个）,对其进行了单个台站波形记录地震事件的训练和多个台站波形记录地震事件的测试,并将模型结果与宁夏测震台网人工编目结果进行比对,结果表明单个台站波形记录地震事件的训练结果中,AlexNet卷积神经网络模型对宁夏天然地震和非天然地震的正确识别率为99%;多个台站波形记录地震事件的测试结果中,此模型对宁夏天然地震和非天然地震的正确识别率为97.01%。AlexNet卷积神经网络模型作为人工智能领域的成熟技术之一,可以很好的运用于宁夏天然地震和非天然地震的识别工作之中。     

邹城地区矿震、爆破和(天然)地震事件的特征分析

采用FSS-3DBH型井下地震计,测量山东省邹城市区域发生的矿震、爆破和天然地震相关事件信息,通过波形分析与波谱分析,对比研究不同类型地震事件特征.结果表明,该区域发生的矿震、爆破和天然地震的波形、幅值及频率等特征指标存在明显差异.通过实时监测该区域地震事件和进行相关的特征分析,可以为研究区域地震的基本规律提供客观数据和科学依据.     

利用微震模板匹配定位方法识别辽宁抚顺矿区微矿震事件

在全国统一编目数据中截取2017—2019年辽宁抚顺矿震事件波形作为模板,运用微震模板匹配定位方法(M&L)检索并定位遗漏的微矿震事件,筛选得到291条微矿震遗漏事件.从模板事件波形、频谱特征和b值属性进行分析,认为遗漏事件与模板事件波形相关性较强,且矿震事件短周期面波发育、面波周期长、低频成分集中,b值比研究区域天然...     

用响应比波速比监测预测瀑布沟水库诱发地震

介绍对瀑布沟水库用加卸载响应比和波速比监测预测水库诱发地震的实践过程,通过课题以往的预测和对应其后期实际发生的地震来分析,结果显示:地震频度库水加卸载响应比Yn和Cr值、库水下方地震波速比这两种方法都可以作为监测预测水库诱发地震的新方法。     

朱溪水库诱发地震可能性分析

台州市朱溪水库于201 1年开始筹备建设,坝高73.5m,总库容1.257亿m3,属于大型水库.水库建成蓄水后是否会诱发地震,一旦诱发地震,可达的最大震级有多大,这一焦点问题备受各方关注.本文通过对库区区域构造背景、主要断层活动、破坏性地震的影响及地震地质条件,结合水库库区的具体情况,采用构造类比分析法和概率预测法,对朱溪水库诱发地震的可能性进行了分析,最终给出了相对科学的预测结论,为将来应对可能出现的水库诱发地震问题提供了科学依据.     

湖南东江水库地震的预测研究

1986年8月2日湖南东江水库截流蓄水,10个月后发生水库诱发地震。蓄水初期,地震活动频度与库水位有较明显的相关关系,但1993年至今,地震活动的频度与库水位之间的这种相关性已逐步消失。诱发地震空间分布有一定的规律性,受水体、构造、岩性的控制。依据地震构造背景、水库规模、水库蓄水后诱发最大震级的最大概率时间等预测东江水库诱发地震最大震级不会大于4．99级．1991年发生的3．2级地震应为最大震级的概率是80％。今后仍可能发生3级左右地震。     

水库诱发地震活动特征及其预测方法研究

根据国内外水库诱发地震的观测与研究震例,分析研究了一些著名水库诱发序列的地震活动特征,并根据水库诱发地震随水库蓄水时间的变化,把水库诱发地震活动归纳为迅速响应型、延迟响应型和混合响应型三类,分析讨论了这三类水库诱发地震活动在时间和空间分布上的不同特点,并在此基础上综合分析了水库诱发地震预测方法研究的技术途径.     

小浪底水库诱发地震监测及研究

利用2009年小浪底地震台网数字化改造后记录到的2009-2011年水库周围20 km范围内发生的地震,分析其时空分布特征以及其中61次地震的震源机制解。结果表明,小浪底水库存在诱发地震活动,以弱震和微震为主,最大M_L2.8。地震集中分布在2个丛集区,分别与库区的石井河断层、塔底断层有关。库区地震的张应力轴与构造背景最大主压应力轴方向基本一致,倾角30°左右,表明这些地震是在受到一定的相对直立压应力作用下发生的,可能与水库蓄水后库水载荷的长期作用有关。     

Research of the Activity of Earthquakes Induced by Water Injection of Salt Mining in Changning County,Sichuan Province

According to information from on-the-spot investigations, the tectonics of salt mining areas and digital seismic records, we studied the activity of earthquakes induced by water pumping in and out of the salt mines in Shuanghe town, Changning county, Sichuan Province. The study found that the rates of water injection and extraction in the Shuanghe salt mining region were evenly matched before April 2006 and earthquake activity was stable. On the other hand, shallow small and moderate earthquake numbers increased sharply after the water injection rate became much larger than the water extraction rate. Large injection over a long time may causes the permeation of water through pre-existing small fractures and micro-cracks in the Changning anticlinal and accelerate the rupture of micro tectonic formations in nearby regions, inducing small earthquake swarm activity. The Q value calculated by using digital earthquake records indicates a relatively inhomogeneous medium in this area. The results of the accurate location of small earthquakes show that sources are relatively shallow and are concentrated at a depth of 2km to 3km. Focal mechanism solutions reveal a normal dip-slip character of shallow earthquakes. All of these show certain characteristics of earthquake activity induced by water injection.     

紫坪铺水库诱发地震与构造地震波谱时频特征差异性研究

利用紫坪铺水库2004～2007年记录的实际地震数据,通过比较多种滤波方法,发展出一种既能有效滤除地震数据中本底噪音、又对有效信号损伤较小的比值滤波方法。对去噪后的水库诱发地震和构造地震数据,利用小波变换方法,分别进行时频分析获得两类地震的时频谱,并提取可以反映地震发生前后能量分布和聚集情况的时频属性,最后根据各个属性的响应效果,组合得到新的属性。将时频谱与时频属性相结合,总结归纳紫坪铺水库诱发地震与构造地震波谱时频特征的差异性,为地震监测分析提供基础依据。     

Research on Seismicity and Source Parameters of Small Earthquakes in the Zipingpu Reservoir before the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 Earthquake

Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional and reservoir seismic networks,the seismicity and source parameters in the Zipingpu reservoir area from January 1,2000 to May 11,2008 before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake are studied. The analysis shows a continuous activity of small earthquakes before the Wenchuan MS8. 0 earthquake. The level of seismic activity was from ML2.0 to ML3.0 in recent years. The impoundment of Zipingpu reservoir started in September 2005 and the obvious increment of seismic activities occurred in February 2008,but according to the analysis of the longer time series,the frequency and intensity of seismic activities do not exceed its range,which means it is still a fluctuation of regional seismic activities or tectonic activity. At the same time,we also studied the spatio-temporal distribution and the change of apparent stress difference in the source region before the great earthquake,and the results show that the apparent stress values of small earthquakes are generally higher than fitted values of apparent stress in the reservoir area in the nearly three months before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake. It can be seen from the spatial distribution of apparent stress difference,that the epicenter of the earthquake is located at a low stress distribution area,and the relatively high apparent stress difference is at the east of the epicenter. Apparent stress increment occurred in local areas.     

Intensive Observation of Reservoirinduced Seismicity and Preliminary Analysis on the Causes of Earthquakes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Yangtze River

In accordance with the requirements of the National Key Technology R&D Program of the 11th "Five-year Plan",a densified seismic network consisting of 26 seismic stations was established at the Three Gorges Reservoir area in the section of Hubei Province in March 2009(21 short-period seismographs,5 broadband digital seismographs).From March to December,2009,a total of 2,995 ML-0.8~2.9 earthquakes were detected during the trial impounding of the Three Gorges Reservoir(water level rose from 145 m to 172.8m).Using the double difference earthquake location algorithm,2,837 earthquakes were precisely re-located.The results show that the pattern of small local earthquake swarms in the Three Gorges Reservoir area took on a linear distribution or mass-like cluster distribution,the mass-like clusters of events were generally within a distance of 5 km from waterfront,and the linear distribution of the earthquakes could be extended to a distance of 16 km away from the waterfront.In the Hubei section of the Three Gorges Reservoir,earthquakes were mainly concentrated in the northern end of the Xiannvshan and Jiuwanxi faults near the Xiangxihe River,and along the banks of the Yangtze River at the west of Xietan township and the Shenlongxi area on the northern bank in the Badong region,with focal depths less than 10km,and 4km in average.Earthquake frequency in the reservoir region had a positive correlation with reservoir water level fluctuations,indicating that the seismicity belongs to reservoir induced earthquakes.Along the Shenlong River in the reservoir area,earthquakes showed three linear distributions in the northern Badong county,and distributed according to Karst distribution.There are underground rivers in the carbonate strata.When the reservoir was impounded,water permeated into the underground rivers,thus inducing earthquakes.Earthquakes in the areas on the cross-river segment of Xiannvshan fault,the Jiuwanxi fault and at the areas west of Xietan,Shazhen and Xizhen,may be related to the softening of discontinuities,such as the Nukou fault,the Xiannvshan fault,or the bedding joints,which would lead to failure of rock masses,thus,inducing earthquakes.However,convincing conclusions about the triggering mechanism still need further study.Additionally,near the areas south of Wenhua and Yanglin of Zigui county and at Rangkou town east of Badong county,mining-induced earthquakes occurred at the mines nearby,and on the shores of the reservoir are some collapse earthquakes.     

我国水库诱发地震研究

通过对我国已发生诱发地震的29座水库资料整理, 分析其库容、 坝高对诱发地震的影响以及蓄水时间长短对诱发地震的发生概率和震级的影响关系, 提出水库地震应分为二类或二个阶段。 对福建及邻近地区的18座大中型水库进行统计, 并对福建水口、 棉花滩、 街面水库及珊溪水库的多个方面进行了统计和综合类比分析, 提出了水口水库和浙江珊溪水库发生诱发地震的主要因素。