江南造山带东段九岭新元古代复式花岗岩源区性质的差异:来自地球化学及锆石Hf同位素的制约

江南造山带东段九岭新元古代花岗岩据其岩石学及野外产出特征可分为3个序次的侵入体,由早到晚依次为黑云母花岗闪长岩、英云闪长岩及黑云母二长花岗岩。本次研究的黑云母花岗闪长岩和英云闪长岩中等富硅(SiO_2分别为66.05%~75.78%和67.36%~73.94%),而黑云母二长花岗岩极富硅(SiO_2为73.96%~77.83%)。三者铝饱和指数A/CNK分别为1.53、1.71和1.32,A/NK分别为2.04、2.0和1.39,均显示典型过铝质花岗岩特征;三类岩石单元主体属高钾钙碱性系列。黑云母花岗闪长岩和英云闪长岩SiO_2与MgO、TiO_2、CaO、Fe_2O_3T、Al_2O_3、MnO、V成负相关,但黑云母二长花岗岩这种相关性不明显。黑云母花岗闪长岩和英云闪长岩均富轻稀土元素,(La/Yb)N分别平均为10.1和18.7,具弱Eu负异常(δEu分别为0.11～0.88和0.30～0.72),而黑云母二长花岗岩轻重稀土分馏弱((La/Yb)N=4.70),强烈Eu负异常(δEu=0.18～0.61)。三类岩石均富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,明显亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti,且锆石εHf(t)变化范围极大,分别介于-6.76～9.22、-1.08～6.63和-0.64～7.96之间。研究区北西侧和南东侧岩体锆石Hf同位素组成存在明显差异,表现为岩体北西部的锆石εHf(t)变化范围高于南东部,锆石tDM2模式年龄多集中在1.6～1.8Ga。综合研究推断本区黑云母花岗闪长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩的源区分别为砂质上地壳和泥质上地壳部分熔融产物,而英云闪长岩则为砂泥质源区部分熔融产物。同时,SE侧岩浆起源深度和岩体剥蚀程度均高于NW侧,且SE侧岩体的成岩时代也略早于NW侧,这暗示了新元古代华夏板块和扬子板块碰撞后的伸展过程中,研究区SE侧岩浆起源深度较深,且形成时代较早,并逐渐向NW侧迁移。另外,花岗质岩石源区由砂质向泥质转变的过程可能也是区域陆壳伸展作用逐渐增大的结果。     

Crustal formation in the Nanling Range,South China Block: Hf isotope evidence of zircons from Phanerozoic granitoids

Granitic rocks are the principle agent of crustal differentiation, therefore their origins yield important information on crustal formation and reworking. An extensive survey of zircon Hf isotopes from granitic rocks in a large region can provide a profile of crustal characteristics that may be further linked to previous crustal evolution. In this study, we measured U–Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions of zircon grains extracted from twenty-five Jurassic, five Triassic and two Ordovician granitic plutons from the Nanling Range, South China Block (SCB). Combined with the published Lu–Hf isotopic data for the granitic rocks in the studied and adjacent areas, three domains with different crustal formation histories have been identified in the southern part of the SCB: eastern side, middle part and western side. The eastern side extends to the coastal area of the SCB, with dominant Hf crustal model ages (T_DM2) in zircons falling within the range of 2.2–1.6 Ga. The middle part is partly coincided with the low-Nd model age belt proposed by Chen and Jahn (1998), with zircon Hf T_DM2 ranging from 1.6 to 1.0 Ga. The western side covers the westernmost Nanling Range and the western end of the Jiangnan orogen, in which the granitoids have zircon Hf T_DM2 model ages spanning 2.2–1.8 Ga. The Paleo- to Meso-Proterozoic model ages of the Phanerozoic granitoids in the Nanling Range imply a long-term crustal reworking. Zircons from the western and eastern sides have an average ε_Hf(155 Ma) at around −10, about 4 epsilon units lower than the middle part (ε_Hf(155 Ma) = −6). Hf T_DM2 histogram from the western Nanling Range is similar to that of the Neoproterozoic granitoids in northern Guangxi Province to the west but much lower to the granites in the middle part to the east. The eastern side has a broader range of Hf model ages in zircons, with the main peak low to ca 1.6 Ga, suggesting the reworking of Mesoproterozoic crust. However, granitoids in the middle part have zircon Hf T_DM2 ages at 1.6–1.0 Ga, which indicates the incorporation of younger crust materials into the magma sources. The Hf model ages of granitoids, as well as four zircon xenocrysts with ages around 920 Ma within the Mesozoic granitoids in the middle part, indicate that the middle part has similar crustal features with the eastern Jiangnan orogen. We propose that this low T_DM2 granite belt is probably part of the early Neoproterozoic arc-continent collision belt between different continents (possibly Yangtze and Cathaysia) during the early assembling processes, while the granitoids in the western and eastern sides have similar crustal compositions.     

Geochronology and petrogenesis of Cretaceous A-type granites from the NE Jiangnan Orogen,SE China

The Jiangnan Orogen is located at a key tectonic position along the junction between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. We obtained detailed major and trace elements, whole-rock Nd + zircon Hf isotope data, and U–Pb age data from several Mesozoic granites, including the Fuling (FL), Taiping–Huangshan (TH), Lingshan (LS), Sanqingshan (SQS), and Baijuhuajian intrusions in order to investigate their sources and petrogeneses related to extension in South China. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of zircon from the FL, TH, SQS, and LS bodies yield Early Cretaceous ages of 124–135 Ma. These plutons are alkali-feldspar granites to syenogranites–monzogranites, and show A-type affinities. They have high K₂O and total alkali contents, and are enriched in rare earth elements (except for Eu), Zr, and other high-field-strength elements as well as high Ga/Al ratios, and are depleted in Ba and Sr. These granites are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (ACNK from 0.81 to 1.27). The whole-rock ?Nd(T) values of??5.34 to??0.96 are coupled with zircon ?Hf(T) values (from??5.3 to +4.24), and all samples plot along the mantle array. Field observations, geochronology, geochemistry, Nd isotopic, and zircon Hf isotopic compositions suggest that they formed by the partial melting of Mesoproterozoic metamorphic basement, with input from juvenile, mantle-derived materials in the shallow (<30 km) crust at high temperatures (756–965°C). These melts underwent crystal fractionation of biotite, plagioclase, and K-feldspar. The upwelling of asthenosphere triggered partial melting of the metamorphic protolith in a back-arc or intra-arc rift setting, reflecting rollback of the Pacific plate. Our research adds new geochronologic constraints on Cretaceous (135–120 Ma) A-type granites from the NE sector of the Jiangnan Orogen. Combined with previous research, we suggest that three main episodes of late Mesozoic extensional tectonism took place in South China: (1) 190–170 Ma (mainly inland), (2) 165–120 Ma (including 165–150 Ma in SE Shi-Hang, 135–120 Ma in NE Shi-Hang, and ～125 Ma in the Lower Yangtze River Belt), and (3) 100–90 Ma (coastal area), showing an oceanwards younging trend due to the subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate.     

江南造山带东段旌德岩体锆石LA-ICPMS年龄和Nd-Sr-Hf同位素地球化学

提要：旌德花岗质杂岩体位于安徽南部,由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。本研究得到岩体中锆石U-Pb年龄为(141.0±1.0) Ma,认为该年龄代表岩体的侵位年龄。岩体全岩主量元素特征显示出中偏酸性 (SiO2＝66.01%~70.87%),富Al (Al2O3＝14.91%~16.24%),富碱 (alk = 6.64%~8.01%),K2O/Na2O变化范围在0.78~1.04,镁、铁含量较低,MgO：0.68%~1.06%,TFe2O3 (2.0%~3.34%),以及低磷 (P2O5 =0.10%~0.14%)的特点;微量元素主要富集Sr (189×10-6~452×10-6),贫Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Y、Yb,高Sr/Y比值 (23~66)和 (La/Yb)N (13~58),Eu有轻微的负异常到弱的正异常 (δEu＝0.81~1.18)。旌德岩体的地球化学特征与中国东部中生代埃达克质岩相似。ISr＝0.7096~0.7101, εNd(t)＝-6.28~-7.32,εHf(t)值变化于-6.5~-1.1,两阶段模式年龄 tDM2=1.4~1.5 Ga。较年轻的Nd同位素模式年龄、较高的εNd(t)值和εHf(t)值,以及岩体中发育有岩浆混合成因的暗色包体,指示源区可能有地幔物质的贡献。幔源岩浆底侵使下地壳发生部分熔融,并发生了岩浆混合作用,形成了旌德岩体。     

江南造山带东段新元古代花岗岩组合的年代学和地球化学:对扬子与华夏地块拼合时间与过程的约束

江南造山带东段发育了一系列新元古代的花岗岩类侵入体,本文用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法对区内出露的主要岩体(包括许村岩体、歙县岩体、休宁岩体、灵山岩体、莲花山岩体、石耳山岩体)进行了定年,并分析了这些岩体代表性样品的主量和微量元素含量。结果表明,区内的花岗岩类侵入体分属S-型和A-型两类,前者属于同造山的岩浆岩,成分主要为花岗闪长质;后者为晚造山的岩浆岩,成分为花岗质。S-型花岗闪长质岩浆是在碰撞、地壳加厚后由不成熟的变质沉积-火山岩系经减压熔融形成的。由同造山到晚造山阶段,随着地壳应力由挤压转为拉张,所形成的A-型花岗岩中有明显的新生地幔物质的加入。两类岩体的空间分布有明显的规律,且随时间具有明显的向南(大洋侧)迁移的趋势。同造山的S-型花岗闪长质侵入体均分布在皖南蛇绿混杂岩带的北侧(及缝合带内),其中空间位置最北突的许村岩体的侵位时间最早,为850±10Ma;位于皖南蛇绿混杂岩带内,具有同构造特点的歙县岩体的侵位时间为838±11Ma;同样侵位于该缝合带内,具有晚构造特点的休宁岩体的侵位时间为826±6Ma。而晚造山的A型花岗岩均分布在该缝合带的南侧,其中灵山岩体和莲花山岩体的侵位年龄分别为823±18Ma和814±26Ma,两者的侵位时间在误差范围内一致。后造山裂谷环境下形成的石耳山花岗斑岩的年龄为785±11Ma。我们认为江南造山带形成于新元古代,造山过程具有多岛弧拼贴、多缝合的特点。不同缝合带上洋盆闭合的时间存在着差异,最早闭合的可能是赣东北带(蛇绿岩套)、其次是江山-绍兴带,最后是皖南带(歙县蛇绿岩套)。不同缝合带上发育的岛弧型火山岩在地球化学性质上存在着明显的差异,前两者是在洋壳基础上发育起来的,而后者是在不成熟的陆壳基础上发育起来的。江南造山带形成后不久,其南侧即遭受到后造山裂谷(南华裂谷系?)作用的破坏,只是到了早古生代末期(加里东期)扬子克拉通与华夏地块之间的裂谷才最终闭会形成华南统一大陆。     

南祁连党河南山地区新元古代拐杖山岩群碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

传统认为志留系巴龙贡噶尔组广泛分布于南祁连地区,近年来在其中解体出了新元古代拐杖山岩群,对其开展锆石年龄研究对了解该地层的沉积时代、物源性质以及与邻近板块的亲缘性具有重要意义。本文选取党河南山地区拐杖山组岩群中的黑云斜长石英片岩和石英片岩,进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年并讨论其地质意义。实验结果表明:由下及上碎屑锆石样品的U-Pb测年的最大沉积年龄分别为-794Ma、-746Ma和-713Ma,表明该变质地层至少沉积于-794Ma之后,在-740Ma时期伴有火山活动,并且部分地层可能沉积于-713Ma以后,时代应划归为新元古代。样品碎屑锆石以867-700Ma年龄区间最为集中,表明全吉地块与中祁连地块的基底岩系可能作为源区为拐杖山岩群提供了碎屑物质,同时响应了Rodinia超大陆裂解事件。通过与全吉地块、中祁连地块、柴达木地块、华北板块、澳大利亚板块以及扬子板块的碎屑锆石频谱对比,南祁连地区与其周缘地块以及扬子板块在元古宙时期显示了较好的亲缘关系,但其物源主要来自全吉地块与中祁连地块,而与扬子地块关联较小。     

扬子克拉通北部前泥盆纪地壳演化：来自碎屑锆石U- Pb和Hf同位素证据

扬子克拉通前泥盆纪地壳演化过程一直是地学界研究的热点。本文报道了扬子克拉通北部武汉地区玉笋山剖面的志留系坟头组和泥盆系云台观组碎屑沉积岩中锆石U- Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成。结果表明，武汉地区坟头组和云台观组样品中最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄分别为430±5 Ma和415±5 Ma，将该地区坟头组和云台观组的沉积时代各限定在中志留世和晚泥盆世。碎屑锆石Hf同位素特点表明，沉积物源区在中太古代、新太古代以及新元古代形成了少量初生地壳，而古老地壳的再造主要发生在新太古代、新元古代和古生代，区域上最显著的初生地壳生长时期则是古元古代。综合对比扬子克拉通北部东、西两侧具有明显不同的锆石U- Pb年龄、微量元素和Hf同位素组成，暗示扬子克拉通可能由多个相对独立地壳演化过程的部分构成，而不具有统一的早前寒武纪基底。     

江南造山带东部旌德高Sr/Y花岗闪长岩的形成机制及其构造意义

旌德岩体是江南造山带东部一个典型的高Sr/Y岩体。锆石的原位U-Pb定年表明,该岩体侵位于141±1Ma。岩体由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。岩体中黑云母为镁质黑云母。斜长石为奥长石、中长石。全岩地球化学表明,高的SiO2（66.01% ~ 70.87%）,Al2O3（14.91% ~16.24%）,全碱（K2O+Na2O = 6.64% ~ 8.01%）,K2O/Na2O变化范围在0.78～1.04,Sr（189×10-6 ~ 452×10-6）,和LREE;低的HREE和HFSE含量,Eu有轻微的负异常到弱的正异常（δEu＝0.81~1.18）。岩体具有高的Sr/Y（23 ~ 66）值和(La/Yb)N（13 ~ 58）值,且MgO、Cr、Ni含量较低。相对较高的εNd(t)＝‒12.92~‒6.28,二阶段模式年龄 tDM2 = 1.4~1.9Ga,岩体中发育有岩浆混合成因的暗色包体,指示有幔源岩浆参与。交代的岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,岩浆底侵到壳幔过渡带附近,导致下地壳发生部分熔融形成了旌德岩体,且发生了岩浆混合作用。     

前中生代海南岛与华夏、扬子陆块的关系——来自海南岛下二叠统峨查组碎屑锆石年龄的信息

海南地块的亲缘性质归属一直存在分歧。选择海南东方市江边乡白查村峨查组进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得年龄为635～1814Ma,具4个年龄峰值,分别为1700Ma、1580Ma、1073Ma和680Ma,记录了哥伦比亚(1700Ma和1580Ma)、罗迪尼亚(1073Ma)和泛非(680Ma)三大地质事件。1700 Ma、1580Ma和1073Ma三个峰值可与南极洲、越南Song Hien、华夏造山带和扬子陆块东南缘同期的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄峰值对比,说明海南地块在中元古代与南极洲、越南、华夏和扬子陆块东南缘共同经历了哥伦比亚和格林威尔(罗迪尼亚)造山事件。1700Ma和1580Ma的峰值虽然在扬子陆块东南缘有弱的显示,但在扬子陆块内部基本没有该年龄峰值的报道,680Ma峰值在扬子陆块未出现,说明中—新元古代海南地块与扬子陆块之间相距较远,而与华夏、越南和南极洲较近。     

Sedimentary Facies,Provenance and Geochronology of the Heshangzhen Group: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Jiangnan Orogen,South China

The Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogen plays an important role in the study of the Precambrian tectonic evolution of South China. The tectonic nature of the Neoproterozoic sedimentary basins is still controversial, due to poor understanding of the sedimentary sequences and the lack of geochronological data. Here, we present sedimentological, provenance and geochronological data from the Heshangzhen Group in the eastern Jiangnan orogen. Sedimentological analysis shows that the Luojiamen Formation was deposited in a submarine fan, and the overlying Hongchicun Formation was deposited in front of a fan delta. The youngest detrital zircons constrain the lower Luojiamen and Hongchicun formations with ages of 827.3 ± 8.4 Ma and 825 ± 12 Ma, respectively. The sandstones of the Luojiamen Formation are characterized by a large number of intermediate to felsic volcanic grains, suggesting a volcanic arc source. In contrast, quartz and sedimentary lithic grains increase in the Hongchicun Formation, showing a new input from a collisional orogenic source. Detrital zircon from six sandstone samples in the Luojiamen and Hongchicun formations yield similar age spectra of 930–820 Ma with a peak at ca. 845–860 Ma, with one main cluster at 930–820 Ma. Detrital zircons of 930–845 Ma show a positive value of εHf(t)(+2.4 to +11, mean +7.6), which is similar to the volcanic arc of the nearby Shuangxiwu Group. There are a minor group of zircons with U-Pb ages ranging from 820 Ma to 845 Ma from the middle part of the Luojiamen Formation and Hongchicun Formation, with εHf(t) values between-20 to +2.4, which are consistent with the characteristics of the Shuangqiaoshan Group. within light of the bidirectional paleocurrents in the Luojiamen Formation, it is speculated that the zircons of 820–845 Ma were recycled from the Shuangqiaoshan Group, which is derived from a continental arc to the northwest. Our data suggests that the Luojiamen Formation was formed in an inter-arc basin, while the Hongchicun Formation was formed in an accretionary wedge-top basin. When juxtaposed with the conglomeratic characteristics at the bottom of the Luojiamen Formation, it is believed that the unconformity represented by the ‘Shen Gong Movement' reflects the rapid erosion and accumulation process of island arc volcanic material. The disconformity between the Luojiamen and Hongchicun formations is the imprint of transition from inter-arc basin to accretionary wedge-top basin,which represents the collision between the Shuangxiwu arc and the Yangtze Plate.     

U-Pb dating and provenance of detrital zircons from the Upper Precambrian deposits of North Timan

Timan comprises the southwest edge of the Pechora Plate. The plate basement is composed of variably metamorphosed sedimentary, mainly terrigenous, and igneous rocks of the Late Precambrian age that are generally overlain by Ordovician-Cenozoic platform cover. Poor exposition and discontinuous distribution of the Upper Precambrian outcrops of dominantly fossil-free sedimentary rocks cause considerable disagreements in stratigraphic correlation. This applies equally to North Timan, which represents an uplifted block of basement, in which sedimentary-metamorphic rocks form the Barminskaya Group (～5000 m thick), previously dated as Early Riphean to Vendian. Earlier Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotope dating of schist and cross-cutting gabbro-dolerite and dolerite established the timing of greenschist facies metamorphism at 700 Ma. Thus, Late Riphean age of the Barminskaya Group has been suggested. Results of local U-Pb dating of detrital zircon from silty sandstones of the Malochernoretskaya Formation, which constitutes the middle part of the outcropping section of the Barminskaya Group, confirm this conclusion. Age data for 95 zircon grains cover the range of 1035–2883 Ma with age peaks at 1150, 1350, 1550, 1780, and 1885 Ma. The minimum age of zircons, considered as the lower age constraint on sediment deposition, provides grounds to date the Barminskaya Group as Late Riphean and indicates eroded rock complexes of the Fennoscandian Shield as the possible provenance areas.     

胶东昌邑地区新太古代石英岩的锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

基底古老地层的研究可以为探索地球早期陆壳形成与演化历史提供重要支持,胶东地区是华北克拉通变质基底重要的出露区之一,在胶北地体的西缘有一套高成熟度的古老石英岩-山阳村石英岩,前人将其划归古元古代粉子山群的小宋组,但缺乏明确的年代学限定。本文对山阳村石英岩的碎屑锆石进行U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素分析,获得年龄谱的最大峰值为2501±16Ma,且是最小峰值年龄。与古元古的粉子山群和中元古的芝罘群的碎屑锆石年龄谱均不同。综合年龄谱特征、野外产状以及岩石组合,本文认为山阳村石英岩是新太古代的岩石建造,建议为其单独建立新太古代岩石地层单位。结合本次研究及前人工作本文认为应将原粉子山群小宋组划到太古代归属胶东岩群。山阳村石英岩中,~2.5Ga锆石Hf同位素εHf(t)0且从下方靠近亏损地幔演化线并在~2.7Ga地壳演化线附近分布,显示其原岩来自~2.7Ga新生地壳的重熔;ca.2.7~3.0Ga的锆石Hf同位素εHf(t)0且在~3.1Ga地壳演化线附近,意味着其母岩的源区为~3.1Ga的新生地壳,且在ca.2.7~3.0Ga发生了持续的地壳再熔融;3.0Ga碎屑锆石的Hf同位素εHf(t)0,源区岩石形成于更古老陆壳物质的再循环。已知的胶北地块3.0Ga锆石的Hf同位素特征暗示华北克拉通在4.1Ga前就存在地壳,而且在~4.1Ga发生了重熔。     

华北克拉通地壳生长和演化:来自现代河流碎屑锆石Hf同位素组成的启示

定量地给出大陆地壳生长速率以及生长量随时间的演化是研究大陆地壳形成与演化的核心问题之一.近年来,利用沉积岩和沉积物中碎屑锆石的U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成已成为目前研究大陆地壳生长和演化最为简捷、有效的工具.本文对来自华北克拉通西部泾河和洛河河沙中的187颗碎屑锆石进行Hf同位素组成分析,并结合已有的资料来探讨华北克拉通地壳的生长和演化规律.结果显示:随着地质历史变化,华北克拉通地壳生长呈阶段性特点.如在中太古代中期-新太古代末期(3.0 ～2.5Ga)地壳生长速率较快,大约已有60％现今大陆地壳形成.此后,陆壳呈较稳定速率增长,到新元古代晚期(600Ma)基本己形成现存大陆地壳.表明现今的大陆主要生长于太古宙和元古宙,而显生宙陆壳的增生量可以忽略不计.根据河流碎屑锆石和前寒武纪岩石中锆石的U-Pb年龄、两阶段模式年龄(t DM2C和tNC2C)和εHf(t)所获得华北克拉通早前寒武纪地壳演化曲线,本文提出～2.7Ga和～2.5Ga分别曾经为华北克拉通太古宙岩浆作用最活跃时期,也是地壳快速生长时期,表明华北克拉通在新太古代曾发生过两期明显的地壳生长.     

华北克拉通胶东地区粉子山群碎屑锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年

胶东是华北克拉通重要的变质基底出露区之一。对该区古元古代粉子山群和荆山群中碎屑锆石的年龄分布特征的研究,可以为胶东地区早前寒武纪演化提供重要依据。由于Pb丢失作用,前人仅在粉子山群中获得少量锆石谐和年龄。本文对粉子山群长石石英片岩中碎屑锆石进行了SHRIMP定年。52颗锆石的61个数据点分析,获得36个谐和年龄(不谐和度10%)。所有具谐和年龄的锆石都具有高的Th/U比值,大多显示明显的岩浆环带,原为岩浆成因。谐和锆石年龄分布在2033~3429Ma之间,主要峰值分别为~2.19Ga和~2.48Ga。该样品中还含有2颗年龄大于3.3Ga的锆石,位于谐和线上的2颗最年轻碎屑锆石的年龄为~2.08Ga。结合前人研究,可得出如下结论:1)粉子山群和荆山群原岩沉积时代可进一步限制在1.9~2.1Ga之间;2)粉子山群与荆山群的碎屑锆石年龄分布形式存在明显区别,指示其源区可能不同;3)胶东地区可能存在古太古代地壳物质。     

内蒙古武川西乌兰不浪地区早前寒武纪变质基底锆石SHRIMP定年及Hf同位素组成

本文报道了华北克拉通西部武川西乌兰不浪地区太古宙变质基底的锆石SHRIMP年龄和Hf同位素组成。一个片麻状奥长花岗岩样品的锆石具核边结构,核部岩浆锆石和边部变质锆石的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为2692±17Ma和2528±16Ma。对9个样品进行了锆石Hf同位素分析。新太古代早期(2692～2697Ma)片麻状奥长花岗岩(2个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为4.78～8.83、2646～2780Ma和2632～2845Ma;新太古代二辉麻粒岩(2个样品)中的捕获锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.30～8.62、2543～2954Ma和2529～3189Ma;新太古代变质深成岩(4个样品)的岩浆锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为-2.60～8.09、2529～2880Ma和2538～3089Ma;古元古代蓝晶石榴长英质片麻岩(1个样品)的碎屑锆石的εHf(t)、tDM1(Hf)和tDM2(Hf)分别为1.52～6.59、2432～2774Ma和2498～2925Ma。结合前人研究结果,可得出如下结论和认识:1)该区存在新太古代早期片麻状奥长花岗岩,太古宙岩石在新太古代晚期普遍遭受高级变质作用影响;2)新太古代早期为该区地壳形成主要时期,新太古代晚期则主要表现为陆壳物质再循环;3)作为阴山地块的典型代表,固阳-武川地区与华北克拉通东部太古宙基底十分类似,可能表明华北克拉通在新太古代晚期已成为统一的整体。     

柴北缘超高压变质带变质泥质岩碎屑锆石年代学研究及其地质意义

柴北缘超高压变质带作为中国西部深俯冲的一个研究热点,对其变质泥质岩的碎屑锆石年龄研究对了解此区内深俯冲大陆的前寒武纪演化历史,及与华北克拉通及华南克拉通的亲缘性讨论具有重要意义。本文选取柴北缘超高压变质带中绿梁山和都兰的变质泥质岩,筛选锆石利用LA-ICP-MS进行定年并讨论其地质意义。实验结果表明碎屑锆石年龄分为三个组别集中,分别是1100Ma、1000~800Ma和800~500Ma,并分别代表了古老的结晶基底、与Rodinia超大陆相关的碰撞和裂解事件以及古祁连洋的演化。板块亲缘性分析表明柴达木-祁连地区可能与扬子克拉通西缘具有亲缘性,可能作为扬子克拉通西缘的延伸而与扬子克拉通相连。通过结合碎屑锆石数据及板块亲缘性分析并对比现今西太平洋边缘的演化模式,本文提出了一个在早古生代北祁连为主动大陆边缘,柴北缘为被动大陆边缘;在祁连地体北侧的古祁连洋闭合后柴北缘转变为主动大陆边缘的构造演化模式。     

Geochronology and provenance of detrital zircons from late Palaeozoic strata of central Jilin Province,Northeast China: implications for the tectonic evolution of the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Here we present new U–Pb and Hf isotopic data for detrital zircons obtained from six samples of late Palaeozoic units from central Jilin Province, Northeast China, and use these data and sedimentary formations to constrain the late Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The majority of the detrital zircons from the six samples are euhedral–subhedral and exhibit oscillatory zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. Zircons from sandstones in the Devonian Wangjiajie and Xiaosuihe formations yield seven main age populations (399, 440, 921, 1648, 1864, 1911, and 2066 Ma) and two minor age populations (384 and 432 Ma), respectively. Zircons from a quartz sandstone in the Carboniferous Luquantun Formation yield four age populations (~332, 363, 402, and 428 Ma), and zircons from quartz sandstones of the Permian Shoushangou, Fanjiatun, and Yangjiagou formations yield age populations of 265, 369, 463, 503, and 963 Ma; 264, 310, 337, 486, and 529 Ma; and 262, 282, 312, 338, 380, 465, and 492 Ma, respectively. These data, together with the ages of magmatic zircons from interbedded volcanics and biostratigraphic evidence, as well as analysis of formations, give rise to the following conclusions. (1) The Wangjiajie and Xiaosuihe formations were deposited in an extensional environment during Middle and Middle–Late Devonian time, respectively. The former was sourced mainly from ancient continental material of the North China Craton with minor contributions from newly accreted crust, while the latter was sourced mainly from newly accreted crust. (2) The Luquantun Formation formed in an extensional environment during early–late Carboniferous time from material sourced mainly from newly accreted crust. (3) The Shoushangou, Fanjiatun, and Yangjiagou formations formed during a period of rapid uplift in the late Permian, from material sourced mainly from newly accreted crust.     

Xenocrystic/inherited Precambrian zircons entrained within igneous rocks from eastern South China: Tracking unexposed ancient crust and implications for late Paleoproterozoic orogenesis

South China is characterized by widespread igneous rocks with varied ages and nature in its eastern part, which contain abundant Precambrian xenocrystic/inherited zircons that bear important information of the composition and evolution of the underlying ancient crust. This paper for the first time presents a compiled U-Pb age database of 1416 Precambrian xenocrystic/inherited zircons from igneous rocks in eastern South China, and attempts to provide a constraint on the Precambrian crustal evolution of the constituent Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. These xenocrystic/inherited zircons, as a conceivable proxy of the unexposed continental crust, document three major tectonothermal events related to continental accretion and subsequent modification that possibly built the continental crust of the eastern Yangtze Block (EYB) at 2.70–2.40 Ga, 2.10–1.55 Ga, and 0.95–0.70 Ga, and the Cathaysia Block (CAB) at 2.70–2.40 Ga, 2.05–1.75 Ga, and 1.10–0.70 Ga, pointing to a complex Precambrian evolutionary history for South China. The EYB zircons are unexpectedly dominated by a 2.10–1.55 Ga age population that shows a multimodal distribution with peaks at 2.05 Ga, 2.0 Ga, 1.90 Ga, 1.85 Ga, and 1.58 Ga, and the CAB zircons are characterized by a unimodal 2.0–1.75 Ga age population that conspicuously peaked at 1.85 Ga, both of which overlap with the tenure of the Nuna supercontinent. These xenocrystic/inherited zircons from both blocks generally have negative ε_Hf(t) values, which in combination with coeval regional magmatic and metamorphic records can assist to trace a possible prolonged (2.05–1.75 Ga) orogenic process in the EYB and a short-lived (1.9–1.8 Ga) orogeny in the CAB. Such orogeneses are proposed to be correlated with the assembly of the Nuna supercontinent.     

秦岭造山带东段秦岭岩群的年代学和地球化学研究

对东秦岭地区的陕西省洛南县、宁陕县、长安县和河南省淅川县出露的四个秦岭岩群变质岩进行的岩石学和地球化学研究表明,样品主要由变质火山岩和变质沉积岩组成.详细的锆石U-Pb定年结果显示三个正变质岩均形成于新元古代早期(971～843Ma),而副变质岩中富集大量新元古代碎屑锆石,根据最年轻的谐和年龄(859Ma)和早古生代的变质年龄,推测其沉积时代为新元古代中晚期.因此,北秦岭南部的秦岭岩群的变质岩主要由新元古代早期的火成岩和新元古代中晚期的沉积岩组成.变质作用主要发生在加里东期,局部有燕山期的变质作用叠加.指示北秦岭的造山作用主要发生在早古生代.岩石地球化学研究还显示秦岭岩群的新元古代火山岩均形成于火山弧构造环境,沉积岩沉积于大陆弧-活动大陆边缘环境,指示秦岭造山带在新元古代早期是一个火山弧.秦岭岩群的火山岩和沉积岩在形成时代和构造环境方面与扬子克拉通西缘的特征非常相似,表明位于北秦岭造山带的秦岭岩群应归属于扬子克拉通陆块,是扬子北缘的一个大陆边缘弧.