冀北承德盆地髫髻山组火山岩的时代

随着近年来的研究进展,代表燕山期大规模火山喷发的髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩的年代学数据得到迅速积累。本文在结合前人对燕山地区髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩 U-Pb 同位素定年工作的基础上,对取自冀北承德盆地兴隆山附近髫髻山组火山岩顶、底样品的锆石进行 U-Pb LA-ICP-MS 定年,试图进一步限定该地区髫髻山期火山岩起始和结束的时代。承德盆地髫髻山组火山岩定年结果表明,其顶部晶屑凝灰岩时代为153±1Ma(2σ),底部粗安岩时代为156±3Ma(2σ)。两者时代在误差范围内一致,说明该地区髫髻山组火山岩喷发是在短时期内完成的。燕山地区髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩时代综合对比分析结果表明髫髻山组(蓝旗组)火山岩初步限定的底部年龄和顶部年龄分别为158±1Ma、153±1Ma。其形成时代在晚侏罗世。土城子组(后城组)与髫髻山组(蓝旗组)火山岩的界线年龄为153±1Ma,这是第一次获得我国中生代陆相地层界线年龄。土城子组顶部的时限确定在134±2～136±2Ma 之间。其沉积时代为晚侏罗世至早白垩世。而髫髻山组火山岩之下的九龙山组的时代可能亦为晚侏罗世。区域张家口组的底部时代限定在134±2Ma。     

赤峰地区中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学证据

赤峰地区中生代火山岩由流纹岩、粗安质熔结凝灰岩、粗安岩组成。通过LA-ICP-MS技术对赤峰地区中生代火山岩进行锆石U-Pb同位素定年研究,该区中生代火山岩中的锆石呈半自形—自形晶,发育振荡环带,Th/U值较高(0.50～2.26),为岩浆成因。满克头鄂博组火山岩2个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(156±2)Ma(n=24)和(157±3)Ma(n=19),形成于晚侏罗世;玛尼吐组火山岩样品中的锆石U-Pb年龄为(147±2)Ma(n=18),形成时代属于晚侏罗世;白音高老组火山岩2个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(132±1)Ma(n=23)和(138±3)Ma(n=18),形成时代属于早白垩世。赤峰地区中生代火山岩应形成于太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲后的伸展环境中。     

长江中下游溧水盆地火山岩的锆石LA-ICPMS年代学及其意义

溧水盆地是长江中下游地区重要的陆相火山断陷盆地之一。针对溧水火山岩盆地出露的龙王山组、大王山组和姚家边组粗面质火山岩进行的系统锆石LA-ICPMS UPb年代学测定,获得其年龄分别为133.3 Ma±0.9 Ma(LS-1),132.3 Ma±1.5 Ma(LS-7),132.1 Ma±1.4 Ma(LS-15)和130.7 Ma±1.5 Ma(LS-22),暗示溧水盆地火山岩浆活动的时限为早白垩世。另外,在火山岩中获得少量太古宙的捕获锆石(3 189 Ma±11 Ma,3 110Ma±19Ma和2 759Ma±16Ma),这为溧水盆地可能存在古老基底提供了证据。结合区域资料,认为溧水盆地中生代火山岩与长江中下游地区其他断陷盆地火山岩几乎形成于同一时期,都为中国东部岩石圈伸展减薄背景下的深源岩浆作用产物。     

长江中下游成矿带溧水盆地(次)火山岩的年代学及其意义

溧水火山岩盆地是长江中下游地区众多中生代火山岩盆地之一,在盆地内自下而上发育有龙王山组、大王山组、姚家边组和甲山组粗面质火山岩和若干个同源的次火山侵入岩体。针对溧水盆地火山岩-次火山岩进行系统的锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结果显示,龙王山组玄武质粗面岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为135 Ma±1 Ma,大王山组粗安岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为131 Ma±1 Ma,姚家边组粗安岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为128 Ma±1 Ma,另外1个粗安斑岩体的年龄为131 Ma±1 Ma,它们均为早白垩纪岩浆活动的产物。上述年龄数据与长江中下游地区其他盆地火山岩的年龄基本一致,表明长江中下游地区中生代火山岩的喷发时代主要集中在135Ma~127Ma之间,均受制于中国东部岩石圈减薄的伸展构造背景。     

辽东北—吉南中生代火山岩地层与辽西义县组的对比

辽宁东北部桓仁—吉林南部通化地区分布有大面积的中生代火山岩,分别属于果松组、林子头组及小岭组。通过野外地质调查发现,这三个组的火山岩组合自下而上均显示为酸性—中性—酸性的岩石组合,在岩石组合上具有可对比性。对这三个组的典型火山岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,结果显示果松组安山岩(GS-1-TWS)和流纹岩(GS-2-TWS)年龄为130.83±0.8Ma和118.5±1.1Ma;林子头组安山质凝灰岩(LZT1)和安山岩(LZT2)年龄为123.24±0.91Ma和126.0±2.9Ma;小岭组流纹岩(P03-29)和安山岩(P03-30)年龄为126.3±1.3Ma和129.0±1.4Ma,表明三个含有中生代火山岩的地层形成时代一致,均为早白垩世产物。辽西地区含有中生代火山岩的地层为义县组,其形成时代为133~118Ma之间,本文辽宁桓仁—吉林通化地区中生代火山岩形成时代为130~118Ma,二者为同时产物;并且二者均产有相同的热河生物群化石,所以辽东北—吉南果松组、林子头组、小岭组与辽西义县组可对比。!     

吉林中部伊通地区放牛沟火山岩的形成时代及其地质意义

对伊通地区的放牛沟火山岩,以及后期侵入该火山岩的后庙岭花岗质侵入体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。3个样品中的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,CL图像显示出明显的岩浆振荡生长环带,结合大多数锆石具有较高的Th/U比值(0.23~3.55),暗示了它们的岩浆成因。放牛沟火山岩由变玄武安山岩和变安山岩组成,其中变安山岩样品中锆石22个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分为3组:420±4 Ma,402±3 Ma及280±1 Ma,其中280±1 Ma代表了安山岩的形成年龄;变玄武安山岩样品中锆石30个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分为两组:401±1 Ma及279±1 Ma,后者代表了玄武安山岩的形成年龄;后庙岭花岗质侵入体中锆石18个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为256±2 Ma。上述锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,放牛沟火山岩形成于早二叠世,而非前人认为的早古生代。对后庙岭侵入体的定年结果,进一步暗示放牛沟多金属硫铁矿床的成矿时代为二叠纪。     

阿尔金南缘冰沟南组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其前寒武纪构造演化意义

在阿尔金南缘玉苏普阿勒克塔格北侧出露的冰沟组火山岩为一套与滨浅海相细粒陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩共生的中基性火山岩,主要岩石类型有蚀变熔结凝灰岩、安山质凝灰熔岩和强蚀变玄武安山岩。该火山岩作为Columbia超大陆裂解阶段的物质记录,对其年代学和产出的地质构造背景的探讨,有助于探讨阿尔金南缘前寒武纪构造演化过程。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究结果显示,强蚀变玄武安山岩样品具有两组锆石年龄,第一组年龄分别为944. 7±6. 4 Ma(n=8,MSWD=0. 057)和951. 2±6. 3 Ma(n=12,MSWD=0. 042),测点位于锆石震荡环带上,显示了典型的岩浆锆石的特征,代表火山岩的形成时代,属青白口纪早期;第二组年龄介于446±5～458±4Ma,与区域高压—超高压岩石的原岩的退变质时代(～450 Ma)一致,可能代表受该期陆壳深俯冲/折返事件改造。另外,228±6 Ma、229±4 Ma和130±1 Ma的年龄信息,可能代表火山岩还遭受了晚三叠世和早白垩世构造热事件改造。构造背景分析表明,该火山岩形成于板内裂谷环境,对应于Columbia超大陆裂解阶段的晚期,之后索尔库里群沉积盆地由拉张转换到汇聚的构造背景,转为Rodinia超大陆汇聚阶段。结合区域地质特征和该火山岩年龄信息,进一步制约了阿尔金南缘Columbia超大陆裂解和Rodinia超大陆汇聚的时限分别为945～1602 Ma和871～945 Ma。     

辽西早白垩世火山岩喷发期次及同位素年代学研究

辽西彰武—黑山地区位于阜新—义县盆地以东,除第四系表土大面积覆盖外,露头区内最常见的就是火山岩系。而火山岩层位、喷发期次和时代的确定对辽西化石层、找煤、构造及沉积演化的研究都有着重要意义。本次工作是在系统收集了辽西地区中生代火山岩年龄的基础上,对阜新—义县盆地和彰武—黑山地区采集的11件火山岩样品进行了SHRIMP U-Pb同位素分析;系统收集了辽西地区中生代火山岩年龄,结合新测得的数据提出辽西地区的白垩世的火山活动分五次,活动时间分别为132±1Ma、126±1Ma、122±2Ma、115±2Ma和100±5Ma。基于统计学结果认为引起辽西地区乃至东北地区地壳减薄的起止年龄为132±1Ma至115±2Ma。     

新疆东北部三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩的形成时代:锆石U-Pb定年

新疆东北部三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩十分发育,但火山岩的形成时代,是二叠纪还是石炭纪一直存有争议。本文用LA-ICP-MS方法测定了该盆地的马朗凹陷中马17井卡拉岗组的3个层位的玄武岩的锆石U-Pb年龄,得到1543.1 m处的锆石加权平均年龄为343.5±2.4 Ma,1954.3 m处的锆石两组加权平均年龄为331.3±5.0 Ma和306.6±5.3 Ma,2327 m处的加权平均年龄为325.2±3.0 Ma。表明卡拉岗组时代可能不是二叠纪,而是石炭纪。其年龄分布大致有上老(早石炭世)和下新(晚石炭世)的特点。这种分布特点可能与马朗凹陷马17井火山岩较发育、有多期火山活动的特点有关。在排除地层倒转的情况下,层位高的火山岩锆石年龄老可解释为与上面层位的火山岩可能捕获早期岩浆结晶锆石有关。说明最小的年龄(306.6 Ma)可作为该组火山岩的喷发年龄:卡岗组时代定为晚石炭世更合适。     

长岭凹陷白垩系火山岩的锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年及其地质意义

对长岭凹陷营城组流纹岩和泉头组火山角砾岩中的锆石进行U-Pb同位素分析,并利用阴极发光和LA-ICP-MS(激光剥蚀等离子体质谱)微区定年分析方法结果表明:锆石颗粒不同程度保留了原始岩浆振荡环带结构,测年共获得3期年龄,分别是102.23Ma±0.55 Ma(等时线拟合品质参数MSWD=1.7)、104.97 Ma±0.74 Ma(MSWD=1.15)和156.5 Ma±2.4 Ma(MSWD=0.42),置信度95%。经与松南区域地层和徐家围子火山岩年龄对比认为,102 Ma和105 Ma分别代表长岭凹陷泉头组和营城组火山活动的时间,156 Ma则为火石岭组早期岩浆冷凝时形成的锆石在营城组岩浆活动时混入所致。与他周边地区营城组年龄(125 Ma~131 Ma)相比,时间偏新。徐家围子升平、兴城区块营城组锆石年龄则为113 Ma至111 Ma,长岭凹陷的营城组火山岩与徐家围子营城组火山岩岩石类型和化学成分大致相同,但年龄前者却比后者小6 Ma。本次年龄测试结果还表明,长岭凹陷0~800 m登娄库组碎屑岩沉积只持续了3百万年,沉积速度高达0.27mm/y。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)