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使用1982—2014年美国国家海洋和大气管理局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,NOAA)最优插值(1/4)°逐日海温分析资料、美国国家海洋数据中心(National Oceanographic Data Center,NODC)提供的海洋上层700 m热含量数据和美国联合台风警报中心(Joint Typhoon Warning Center,JTWC)的热带气旋(tropical cyclone,TC)最佳路径资料,分析西北太平洋地区(0°~30°N,105°~155°E)TC活动的时空分布特征,探讨TC与海洋上层热状态之间的关系。结果表明:TC频数具有显著的年代际变化特征:1982—1992年和2003—2014年皆为低频期,而1993—2002年则为高频期,33年来TC发生频数表现为缓慢增加—快速增加—减少的特征。最近15年(2000—2014年),TC数量呈现明显下降的趋势。在西北太平洋,TC有3个明显的源地,分别为源地1(10°~22°N、110°~120°E);源地2(8°~20°N、125°~145°E);和源地3(5°~20°N、145°~155°E)。源地1、源地2的频数呈上升趋势,而源地3呈下降趋势。海洋上层热状态的变化给TC带来的影响是多方面的,TC频数对上层热含量(heat content)的响应较明显,而海表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)不是影响TC数量变化的主要因素。伴随着海洋上层的增暖,TC的年持续时间有减少趋势,TC强度正在增强。在全球变暖背景下,TC活动给西北太平洋沿岸国家带来的潜在威胁极有可能加剧。 相似文献
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Two predominant currents, the warm Kuroshio Current and the cold Oyashio Current, meet in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The dynamics of physical oceanographic structures in this region, including frontal zones and meandering eddies, result in a highly productive habitat that serves as a favorable feeding ground for various commercially important species. Neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, is an important oceanic squid, which is widely distributed in the North Pacific Ocean. Based on the catch data collected by Chinese squid jigging fleets and relevant environmental data, including sea surface temperature(SST) and fronts(represented by gradients of SST and thermocline) during 1998–2009, the variations of oceanic fronts and their influence on the fishing grounds of O. bartramii were evaluated, and the differences in distribution of fishing grounds of O. bartramii in 2000 and 2002 were compared by describing the differences in vertical temperature between 0–300 m. It was found that the preferred horizontal temperature gradient of SST for O. bartramii tended to be centered at 0.01–0.02°C/nm, which attracted nearly 80% of the total fishing effort, and the preferred horizontal temperature gradients at the 50 m and 105 m layers were mainly located at 0.01–0.03°C/nm, which accounted for more than 70% of the total fishing effort during August–October. The preferred vertical temperature gradient within the 0–50 m layer for O. bartramii tended to be centered at 0.15–0.25°C/m during August and September and at 0.10–0.15°C/m in October, implying that the mixed surface layer was distributed at depths of 0–50 m. It was concluded that the vertical temperature gradient was more important than the horizontal temperature gradient in playing a role in forming the fishing ground. The results improved our understanding of the spatial dynamics of the O. bartramii fishery. 相似文献
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