天水市“121”气象信息服务系统的现状及发展方向

“1 2 1”气象信息服务系统的开通 ,方便了广大气象用户 ,提高了气象部门在社会上的知名度。但是 ,现行“1 2 1”系统信息少 ,内容单一 ,严重制约着该项目的发展 ,所以建立“1 2 1”多信箱气象信息服务系统 ,势在必行。1　天水市“1 2 1”气象信息服务系统的现状当前天水市“1 2 1”气象信息服务系统 ,仅仅是常规 2 4ｈ、48ｈ天气预报 ,它与广播电台、电视台等新闻媒体发布的公众预报无多大区别 ,这对“1 2 1”发展极为不利。随着各行各业对气象服务要求的不断提高 ,需要“1 2 1”服务系统更趋细致化和专业化 ,以满足工业、农业、商贸、旅游…     

构建现代决策气象服务系统

1引言气象服务是气象工作的重要内容之一,而决策气象服务又是气象服务工作的核心内容。逐步建设包括国家、省、市、县四级的灾害性天气预警、人工增雨防雹、农业气象服务、地质灾害预警等内容在内的决策气象服务系统。因此,为了提升各级政府及相关部门防灾减灾能力,促进社会和经济的持续发展,提高政府对公益性机构的投入效益,建立和发展与时俱进的现代决策气象服务系统已经成为公共气象服务发展的必然走向。2现代决策气象服务系统的构建决策气象服务既然是为政府机关及职能部门提供气象服务,必须重视服务对象的需求,形成新型的服务体系。2.1…     

贵州省气象科技服务中心

贵州省气象科技服务中心是贵州省气象局直属事业单位，在承担部分气象基本业务的同时，又承担了公共气象服务发布、气象科技服务和拓展气象服务领域的工作，中心主要业务由气象信息服务、气象影视服务和专业专项服务三部分构成。     

2011年世界大学生运动会专业气象服务系统建模

从深圳市2011年世界大学生运动会专业气象服务需求分析入手,建立大运会专业气象服务系统化、个性化的系统设计思路,从流程设计、功能特征、数据库建设等方面阐述大运会专业气象服务系统的模型构建,融合现有业务系统的平稳技改思路,并以实例说明。为实现资源集约利用、系统并轨运行、提升大运会整体气象服务能力奠定系统开发与顶层设计基础。建模思路对开展大型专业专项气象服务具有借鉴意义。     

威海市决策气象服务系统

引言做好各级政府及有关领导部门的决策气象服务 ,防灾减灾 ,造福人民 ,是气象服务工作的重点之一。计算机及网络技术的普及和发展 ,为有效地做好重大天气决策服务 ,明确责任 ,规范工作流程 ,提高决策服务水平 ,并将丰富的气象产品直观、及时地提供给各级领导 ,当好领导的参谋 ,提供了更加完备的技术条件。威海市气象局在多年实践的基础上 ,研制了威海市决策气象服务系统 ,在实际业务中取得一定的成效。1　决策气象服务系统综述决策气象服务系统由决策气象服务实施方案、威海市气候资料查询、预报产品分发、专项服务、专业用户和特别提示 6…     

中国的气象服务及其效益评估

气象事业是科技型、基础性社会公益事业,气象服务是气象事业的出发点和归宿点。首先分析了气象服务的概念,确立了气象服务的内涵与外延以及分类情况,明确了气象服务在整个气象业务体系中的定位,并探讨了气象服务的经济属性。从气象情报信息服务和气象预报信息服务的角度介绍了中国气象信息服务的情况。从人工影响天气技术、农业气象工程服务技术、雷电灾害防御技术介绍了中国气象工程服务及其技术的情况。从多个学科的理论与方法的角度出发,系统的介绍了气象服务效益的主要评估方法和技术,同时介绍了中国目前气象服务效益评估的基本情况。最后,文章针对目前中国气象服务的现状,提出了一些建议。     

开拓创新 推进海西气象产业健康发展

1引言 气象科技服务与产业工作是气象事业的重要组成部分，是气象工作与国民经济有机结合的一个纽带，是全面实施三大战略和“公共气象、安全气象、资源气象”气象事业新理念的重要手段之一，是有效发挥气象资源潜力、树立气象部门科技型基础性公益事业单位良好形象、拓展气象业务和服务领域、扩大气象事业发展空间、推进气象资源和科技业务成果转化为现实生产力的重要途。随着《中华人民共和国气象法》和《青海省气象条例》的相继颁布实施，通过几年来的实践和发展，海西州气象局已基本形成了专业气象服务、气象信息服务和防雷产业三大方面的格局，     

浙江天气网气象商城市场分析

分析了社会对气象信息的需求,讲述浙江省目前网络气象服务的状况,以及网络气象服务的前景,特别是如何利用现有的通讯手段提供个性化的、定制式的气象服务,一方面可以利用服务手段来收取部分运营成本费;另一方面可以为部分用户提供特色的、收费的个性化气象服务。     

青岛气象科技服务现状及思考建议

介绍了青岛气象科技服务的状况与问题,特别指出在奥运气象服务获得巨大成功后呈现的突出问题所在,就气象科技服务的进一步发展展开了讨论。     

浙江省决策气象服务及其有关效益问题的分析与思考

本文介绍了浙江省决策气象服务系统、决策程序及多年来决策气象服务成功的经验与做法;对近年来严重影响浙江的9417号台风、9711号台风、1995年梅汛期连续暴雨(新安江水库泄洪)和1997年梅汛期连续暴雨大暴雨等过程的决策气象服务情况及决策气象服务的宏观经济效益作了具体分析;提出、讨论并归纳了搞好决策气象服务和提高决策气象服务效益的有关因素与途径。     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Addressing the necessity of the registration of the effects of causal mechanics in the example of a simple barotropic model of the atmosphere

Summary Considering the effects of causal mechanics on geophysical problems enables us to explain a number of phenomena, which cannot be explained from conventional positions. This paper shows that the introduction of the force of causality in a simple barotropic hydrodynamic model of weather forecasts results in the outcomes, which, on the one hand, can not be described from the positions of classical hydro-thermodynamics, whilst on the other hand, exist in nature.     

Modeling the evolution of the family of Mediterranean cyclones using the regional model of the atmosphere

Due to the complex orography and the presence of the moisture-saturated air, the Mediterranean region is characterized by the increased baroclinic and convective instability, that leads to the sudden cyclogenesis and the formation of dangerous weather phenomena. The results are given of the investigation of formation mechanisms of Mediterranean cyclones, peculiarities of stages of their evolution and dynamical processes, which occur throughout the atmosphere, using the regional numerical ETA model of the atmosphere by the example of individual cases of the cyclogenesis over the Mediterranean Sea. It is revealed that the cold Arctic air outbreak (the intrusion of the cold Arctic air) to the south of the Western Europe, leading to the formation of the areas of the baroclinic instability and the increased moisture content of the air in the area of the vortex origin, favors the cyclogenesis. The use of the vertical coordinate η in the model enabled to compute more precisely the vertical wind speed, therefore, the influence of the orography on the moisture content and precipitation increase became pronounced. The transformation of the structure of meteorological fields in the course of the development of vortexes is considered. The computation of the helicity is made, and it is shown that this characteristic can be one of the earliest predictors of cyclogenesis.     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.     

On the determination of the height of the Ekman boundary layer

The heighth of the Ekman turbulent boundary layer determined by the momentum flux profile is estimated with the aid of considerations of similarity and an analysis of the dynamic equations. Asymptotic formulae have been obtained showing that, with increasing instability,h increases as ¦¦^1/2 (where is the non-dimensional stratification parameter); with increasing stability, on the other hand,h decreases as ^–1/2. For comparison, a simple estimate of the boundary-layer heighth _u determined by the velocity profile is given. As is shown, in unstable stratification,h _u behaves asymptotically as ¦¦^–1, i.e., in a manner entirely different from that ofh .     

接地降阻剂的PH值的探讨

1引言我国执行接地降阻剂测试的技术标准是全国电力系统起草的:“接地降阻剂暂行技术条件修改稿”。在技术要求中要求接地降阻剂的酸碱值应在7￣12范围内。在实际使用中发现该技术要求对接地降阻剂的酸碱值要求范围并不合理,需要分析和讨论。2接地降阻剂的PH值接地降阻剂的酸碱性对地网的使用寿命至关重要,为了不让接地降阻剂腐蚀接地体或者减弱接地降阻剂对接地体的腐蚀,在接地降阻剂测试的技术要求中,对接地降阻剂的酸碱度有一定的限制。国内各厂家用于生产接地降阻剂的偏弱酸的盐类进行了对镀锌钢材腐蚀的试验,结果是这些镀锌钢材均受到…     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002     

阴山山脉对内蒙古中部地区气象要素影响初探

文章选用阴山山脉山北乌拉特后旗、白云、达茂旗、苏尼特左旗、化德,山南杭后旗、包头、呼和浩特、察右前旗、兴和1971—2000年气温、降水量、天气现象等资料进行对比分析,得到阴山山脉对内蒙古自治区中部地区气象要素影响初步结论。     

2003年黑龙江省主要灾害性天气及其对作物生长发育和粮食产量的影响

利用40年气温、降水资料和历史上千旱、低温严重的年份与2003年进行对比分析．评估黑龙江省2003年发生的严重灾害的分布范同,灾害程度,及其对主要粮食作物生长发育和产量的影响。得出2003年的灾害是30年未遇的全省性严重灾害年,各种灾害对各种作物都产生了不同程度的影响,受害最重的作物是小麦。