四川西部西康群新都桥组碳酸盐岩的锶同位素特征

四川西部松潘—甘孜地区广泛分布一套三叠系黑色砂板岩层系,由于其岩性单调、古生物化石贫乏,给该区地层划分、对比带来极大困难。因此,从锶同位素地层学基本原理出发,对甘孜北部西康群新都桥组中薄层状灰岩样品进行了锶同位素组成测定。结果表明,6件样品的N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)分别为0.708688、0.708659、0.708907、0.708223、0.708341、0.708266,平均为0.708514。表明该地层的碳酸盐岩样品可能遭受了不同程度的成岩蚀变,多数样品的锶同位素组成偏离同时代的全球海水锶同位素组成。     

塔中北坡顺南5井下奥陶统锶同位素曲线及地层划分

塔中北坡下奥陶统地层划分对深化该区沉积构造演化分析、指导该区下古生界油气勘探具有重要意义。首次利用塔中北坡顺南5井采集的45个下奥陶统锶同位素样品,获得了该井对应深度的锶同位素演化曲线,并与全球早奥陶世海水的锶同位素演化趋势进行了对比,同时根据前人建立的奥陶系87Sr/86Sr比值-年龄数据库换算出了年龄值,从而确定了该井下奥陶统鹰山组与蓬莱坝组的界线应位于井深6 950 m处,为深化塔中北坡下奥陶统地层划分研究提供了参考。      

鲁西地区前寒武纪侵入岩

鲁西地区前寒武纪侵入岩占基底变质岩出露面积的90％左右,由晚太古代泰山期TTG质花岗岩、变闪长岩类杂岩体和早元古代傲徕山期二长花岗岩及钾长花岗岩组成,均侵入泰山群。 TTG质花岗岩同位素年龄为2700—2600Ma,岩石具明显的片麻状构造,Na/K比值较高,(~(87)Sr/~(80)Sr)比值较低,稀土元素分布型式为右倾的轻稀土富集型,为硅铝质基底活化并有泰山群地层部分熔融而形成。变闪长岩类杂岩体同位素年龄值为2595—2483Ma,岩浆演化系列完整,为地幔岩浆分异形成。二长花岗岩及钾长花岗岩同位素年龄为2490—2284Ma,块状构造,Na/K比值较低,(~(87)Sr/~(80)Sr)比值较高,为泰山群、泰山期侵入岩经部分重熔作用形成。     

湖南花垣矿集区李梅铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb-Sr定年与成矿物质示踪

李梅铅锌矿床位于扬子克拉通东南缘花垣矿集区北段,预测铅锌储量为300×10~4 t,是该区铅锌矿床的典型代表。该矿床铅锌矿体呈层状、似层状,受地层与构造的控制,主要赋存于下寒武统清虚洞组下段第三亚段地层藻灰岩中。为获得该矿床的成矿年龄,探讨其成矿物质来源,采用闪锌矿Rb-Sr定年方法,对主成矿期形成的闪锌矿单矿物进行Rb-Sr同位素组成测定,获得的等时线年龄为(464±12)Ma(平均标准权重偏差为0.97),成矿时代为中奥陶世,成矿早于花垣矿集区南段的狮子山铅锌矿床(成矿时间为(410±12)Ma)和柔先山铅锌矿床((412±6)Ma),推断在花垣矿集区范围内发生了郁南运动和广西运动导致的两期成矿事件,整个矿集区成矿时限跨度大约为70 Ma。李梅铅锌矿床成矿时代明显晚于赋矿地层时代,该矿床的形成可能与郁南运动形成伸展构造引起的构造热液活动有关。闪锌矿的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值为0.709 56～0.711 14,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.709 380±0.000 018,成矿流体具有高于赋矿围岩的高Sr同位素比值,推断成矿物质应主要源自具有高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值和高Pb、Zn丰度的下伏寒武系石牌组和牛蹄塘组。     

辽东早元古宙层控铅锌矿床铅同位素研究

辽东早元古宙层控铅锌矿床具有多层位产出和多阶段成矿的特点。据对71个铅同位素数据研究,铅同位素比值既在任一矿区内有差别,同时在矿区与矿区之间也有差别。铅同位素比值图解清楚地反映出有拟合μ=8.20±0.08增长曲线、混合铅等时线和异常铅8种类型。通过铅源参数分析,拟合μ=8.20±0.08增长曲线的铅为地幔铅与早元古宙地层铅混合均一化了的铅,混合铅等时线的铅为地幔铅与早元古宙地层铅混合未均一化的铅;异常铅经与大西洋和太平洋若干岛屿年轻火山岩铅同位素比值比较,为遭受大陆壳古老花岗质岩石中铅混染的地幔铅。混合铅等时线和铅的模式年龄反映了层控铅锌矿床的多期成矿作用。铅同位素比值不拟合整合铅矿床的增长曲线,同时铅模式年龄都比矿床所在的围岩年龄新,表明层控铅锌矿床不是喷气沉积矿床,而是属于密西西比河谷型(MVT)矿床。     

晚泥盆世大陆风化作用增强及其海洋环境效应:来自华南碳酸盐岩锶同位素的制约

上泥盆统弗拉斯阶和法门阶界线附近发生了大规模的生物灭绝, 其起因被认为是植物登陆导致的陆地化学风化作用加强及其引起的海洋水体缺氧所致, 但其直接证据还比较缺乏。运用广西地区广泛发育的浅海碳酸盐岩中锶元素(Sr)和同位素(87Sr/86Sr)、铀钍比值(U/Th)记录, 探究了从中泥盆统到下石炭统的陆地化学风化速率及海水氧化还原条件的变化。研究结果表明, 在晚泥盆世(法门阶早期)陆地化学风化作用加强, 导致海水中Sr浓度升高, 及更富集重的Sr同位素组分; 低的U/Th比值也显示该时期水体缺氧严重, 海水中U元素被还原到沉积物中, 导致海水中的U浓度降低。陆地表面化学风化的加强对晚泥盆世海洋水体氧化还原条件的波动以及海洋生物的灭绝有重要影响。      

苗儿山花岗岩复式岩基锶、氧、钕、铅同位素研究

苗儿山花岗岩复式岩基位于湘桂两省交界处,是华南地区规模较大的多期多阶段花岗岩复式岩基。其岩浆活动可分为四期:加里东期,海西期,印支期和燕山期。加里东期花岗岩是该岩体的主体岩石。作者对该复式岩基进行了Sr、O、Nd、Pb多元同位素体系的示踪研究,有关参数如下:各期花岗岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)Ⅰ值范围为0.7168—0.7265,δ~(18)O为9.39—10.73,∈xd=-7.1,∈Sr=177-209,长石的铅同位素组成为~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.759—18.833,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.669—15.747,全岩的铅同位素比值为:~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.512—19.269,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.559—15.729。锆石的u—Pb不一致线与一致性曲线的上交点年龄为1126Ma,T_(DM)=1553Ma。上述各项同位素参数表明苗儿山岩体的成岩物质源自上部地壳,可能为中晚元古代的基底物质重熔而成。     

鄂东南地区何锡铺岩体锆石U-Pb定年、岩浆源区及其地质意义

鄂东南地区存在大量中酸性小岩体,部分小岩体与斑岩型铜钼金矿床关系密切。对位于鄂东南东区南部的何锡铺花岗闪长斑岩体进行了锆石U Pb定年和Hf同位素组成测定。定年结果显示:花岗闪长斑岩样品的岩浆结晶年龄为(142±1) Ma,属早白垩世。这与鄂东南地区和九江-瑞昌地区含矿小岩体形成年代基本一致。何锡铺岩体锆石176Hf/177Hf比值为0.282 372~0.282 656,在t=142 Ma时,对应的εHf(t)值为-11.1~-1.1,平均值为-6.3。锆石εHf(t)值具不均一性,类似于阮宜湾岩体,而不同于铜山口岩体和龙角山岩体。岩体具高Sr/Y比值,无明显Eu负异常。全岩初始锶同位素比值 (87Sr/86Sr)i为0.705 88,εNd(t)值为-4.9。全岩地球化学、Sr Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素特征一致表明富集地幔是何锡铺岩体的重要源区,原始幔源岩浆可能存在古老地壳物质的混染。何锡铺岩体不仅具有与铜山口岩体类似的岩石学特征,还具有与其类似的地球化学特征。幔源物质的参与指示该岩体具有形成斑岩型铜钼金矿床的潜力。      

川西北塔公石英闪长岩地球化学特征和岩石成因

川西北塔公地区位于青藏高原东部,属于松潘—甘孜造山带的东南部边缘。塔公石英闪长岩侵位于晚三叠世地层中,岩体的K-Ar同位素年龄为134~136Ma,形成于早白垩世。岩石SiO2质量分数为61.37%~62.25%,铝饱和指数为0.93~0.95,全碱质量分数为5.46%~5.77%,里特曼指数为1.62~1.74,样品属于亚碱性准铝质高钾钙碱系列石英闪长岩。岩石Mg#值较高,总体具有高Sr含量、低Nd含量的同位素地球化学特征。N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)值为0.712 589~0.713 009,初始N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)值为0.709 503~0.709 878,N(143 Nd)/N(144 Nd)值为0.512 135~0.512 196,εNd(t)值均为负(-8.6~-7.5),Nd模式年龄为1.33~1.41Ga,Hf模式年龄为1.13~1.37Ga。该岩体是早白垩世期间,川西北地区陆缘-陆内造山环境下由松潘—甘孜造山带古老的下地壳镁铁质物质局部熔融形成的晚碰撞-碰撞后非分异Ⅰ型花岗岩类。     

辽宁省三股流花岗岩地质特征及成因探讨

三股流花岗岩呈椭圆形出露在前震旦系结晶基底中。岩体中捕虏体甚多,接触交代作用不明显。花岗质岩石具似斑状结构,钾长石斑晶分布极不均匀。副矿物类型为榍石型。岩体的氧化系数小。岩石化学成分Al_2O_3/(Na_2O+K_2O+CaO′)为1.01,A.R.为2.51,(Na_2O+K_2O)/Al_2O_3为0.51,为钙碱性花岗岩。据岩体的岩石化学,矿物特征,以及岩体与岩石的稀土配分、锶同位素~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始值、δ~(34)S组成范围应属重熔型花岗岩。在岩体周边形成的金矿和金矿化点,显然其成矿与三股流岩体有关。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Influence of livestock soil eutrophication on floral composition in the Pyrenees mountains

Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien     

General Table of Contents(Vol.11,2014)

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介绍GPS定位中的几个概念

文章概略介绍了利用卫星进行定位的原理 ;由卫星信号传播、信号接收和SA政策等引起的理论误差 ;给出了多种快速、高精度定位的工作模式和观测点选择的原则 ;列出了将WGS - 84坐标转换为我国坐标的公式及解算参数的具体方法 ,供读者在GPS工作中参考。