扬子地块西缘古一中元古代地层划分对比研究:来自通安组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

通安组作为扬子地块西缘最古老的基底地层之一,是前人通过1.8 Ga最大沉积时限的碎屑锆石年龄和第三段已获得辉绿岩1.5 Ga的侵入年龄来限定的;但未见其更精确地层年龄的相关报道。笔者以通安组一段和四段地层中发现的火山岩样品为研究对象,采用LA-ICP-MS方法对其锆石进行原位微区U-Pb测年,获得了通安组一段下部变基性火山岩锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄(1833±2)Ma和四段底部变凝灰岩锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄(1508±15)Ma。该年龄结果表明:(1)通安组下部层位的沉积时代为1.8 Ga,基本限定了通安组的最大沉积时限,与东川群因民组、大红山群底部大致相当;(2)通安组四段底部沉积时代为1.5 Ga,与前人获得的通安组三段及东川群黑山组顶部层位沉积时代大致相当,为同期异相沉积;(3)进一步确定了通安组在地层柱上应位于会理群之下,与东川群、河口群、大红山群为可对比的同期异地异相沉积地层。     

内蒙古敖汉旗辉绿岩脉体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学——对赤峰-开原深断裂活动的指示

辉绿岩脉作为来源于地幔的脉体,可作为深断裂活动的标志.在赤峰敖汉旗1：5万区调工作中,在邢家窝铺古元古代宝音图群中识别出近东西向展布的辉绿岩脉.辉绿岩脉锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄显示603~521 Ma、450 Ma、259~262 Ma、237 Ma、（167.4±3.0）Ma等5组年龄.其中最小年龄（167.4±3.0）Ma代表了辉绿岩脉体的形成年龄.反映了赤峰-开原深断裂在中侏罗世的活化;其余几组年龄也与赤峰地区不同期次的岩浆活动相对应.结合前人资料总结了赤峰-开原深断裂的形成与演化.     

扬子地块西缘古—中元古代地层划分对比研究: 来自通安组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

提要：通安组作为扬子地块西缘最古老的基底地层之一,是前人通过1.8 Ga最大沉积时限的碎屑锆石年龄和第三段已获得辉绿岩1.5 Ga的侵入年龄来限定的;但未见其更精确地层年龄的相关报道。笔者以通安组一段和四段地层中发现的火山岩样品为研究对象,采用LA-ICP-MS 方法对其锆石进行原位微区U-Pb测年,获得了通安组一段下部变基性火山岩锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄(1833±2) Ma和四段底部变凝灰岩锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄(1508±15) Ma。该年龄结果表明：(1)通安组下部层位的沉积时代为1.8 Ga,基本限定了通安组的最大沉积时限,与东川群因民组、大红山群底部大致相当;(2)通安组四段底部沉积时代为1.5 Ga,与前人获得的通安组三段及东川群黑山组顶部层位沉积时代大致相当,为同期异相沉积;(3)进一步确定了通安组在地层柱上应位于会理群之下,与东川群、河口群、大红山群为可对比的同期异地异相沉积地层。     

川西峨边地区金口河辉绿岩脉SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其对Rodinia裂解的启示

川西金口河地区中元古代峨边群中发育大量基性侵入岩,其具体侵位时间对厘定峨边群的时限、研究扬子西缘前寒武纪构造属性具有重要意义。对峨边群枷担桥组层型剖面中一条辉绿岩脉进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明,该辉绿岩脉的锆石发育清楚且宽缓的内部环带结构,具有较高的Th/U比值,属典型基性岩浆成因的锆石,其206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为(813.4±8.2)Ma(MSWD=0.56),代表了该辉绿岩脉的侵位时间,也限定了峨边群枷担桥组的上限年龄。综合扬子西缘新元古代中期基性岩浆活动的最新同位素年龄,证实存在2个主要的活动期：830~800Ma和780~745Ma,且830~800Ma期间基性岩浆活动的峰值年龄为(821±2)Ma。这与前人总结的华南和澳大利亚同期基性岩浆活动的年龄分布特征完全一致,暗示川西金口河辉绿岩脉的形成可能与新元古代导致Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱幕式活动有关。     

川西峨边地区金口河辉绿岩脉SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其对Rodinia裂解的启示

川西金口河地区中元古代峨边群中发育大量基性侵入岩,其具体侵位时间对厘定峨边群的时限、研究扬子西缘前寒武纪构造属性具有重要意义。对峨边群枷担桥组层型剖面中一条辉绿岩脉进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明,该辉绿岩脉的锆石发育清楚且宽缓的内部环带结构,具有较高的Th/U比值,属典型基性岩浆成因的锆石,其206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为(813.4±8.2)Ma(MSWD=0.56),代表了该辉绿岩脉的侵位时间,也限定了峨边群枷担桥组的上限年龄。综合扬子西缘新元古代中期基性岩浆活动的最新同位素年龄,证实存在2个主要的活动期:830~800Ma和780~745Ma,且830~800Ma期间基性岩浆活动的峰值年龄为(821±2)Ma。这与前人总结的华南和澳大利亚同期基性岩浆活动的年龄分布特征完全一致,暗示川西金口河辉绿岩脉的形成可能与新元古代导致Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱幕式活动有关。     

冀东唐杖子金(钼)多金属矿区侵入岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

唐杖子金(钼)多金属矿床位于冀东地区,矿区内出露的主要岩性为花岗斑岩、石英二长岩和辉绿岩。本文对矿区主要的侵入岩进行锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究,探讨成岩-成矿相互关系,获取岩体源区信息。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,花岗斑岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别是161. 2±0. 7Ma、173. 0±5. 5Ma,结合锆石特征、锆石U-Pb定年结果,推测该矿区存在两期花岗质岩浆侵位;辉绿岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为166. 0±0. 9Ma;石英二长岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为176. 7±3. 3Ma。唐杖子矿区辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为170Ma,从时间尺度上来看辉钼矿化与早期花岗斑岩(173Ma)关系密切。花岗斑岩εHf(t)=-24. 4~-14. 1,tCDM=2104~2744Ma,表明岩石来源于古老地壳;辉绿岩εHf(t)=7. 8~10. 9,tDM=391~523Ma,表明岩石源区为古生代的亏损地幔。唐杖子花岗斑岩和辉绿岩都形成于中侏罗世,成岩时代相近,但源区明显不同,表明冀东地区在中侏罗世既存在下地壳的部分熔融的过程(形成了唐杖子花岗斑岩),又存在亏损地幔物质上涌侵入地壳的过程(形成了唐杖子辉绿岩),暗示了华北克拉通东缘在中侏罗世经历了一次岩石圈减薄的过程。     

安徽铜陵新桥铜-硫-铁-金矿床中石英闪长岩和辉绿岩锆石SHRIMP年代学及其意义

对安徽铜陵新桥铜-硫-铁-金矿床区内的石英闪长岩和辉绿岩中的锆石分别进行了SHRIMP精确定年研究,石英闪长岩中锆石206Pb/238U年龄为(140.4±2.2)Ma,辉绿岩中锆石的年龄较复杂,其中发现了元古代锆石颗粒,其锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄为(2261±14)Ma,(1612±8)Ma,(919±12)Ma,(831±17)Ma。另外还有一组早古生代年龄的锆石,锆石206Pb/238U年龄为(443±13)Ma。以上这些新资料说明该区可能存在元古代基底的信息,且燕山期岩浆活动对本区成矿具有重要意义。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格地区白垩纪基性岩墙的发现及其意义

对东昆仑祁漫塔格地区首次发现的辉绿岩墙群进行了初步的研究,辉绿岩为高TiO_2(1.65%~2.87%)、高碱(全碱在2.98%~5.32%)的碱性玄武岩系列岩石,辉绿岩中采用LAICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得了102 Ma的年龄,Sm-Nd等时线年龄为(120±8.3)Ma,从而确定了东昆仑祁漫塔格地区白垩纪基性岩墙群的存在,并可初步确定东昆仑祁漫塔格地区早白垩世处于伸展构造环境。     

塔里木盆地中部辉绿岩脉LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

塔里木盆地塔中地区地震资料显示,寒武系、奥陶系、二叠系中发育大量辉绿岩岩脉,在塔中隆起断裂带附近采集了侵入到志留系与奥陶系中的辉绿岩脉样品(中1井、中16井岩心)。用LA-ICP-MS测定技术,测定了其中锆石的U-Pb年龄和微量元素。锆石U-Pb年龄显示,这些辉绿岩岩脉形成于早二叠世(273~296Ma);测得的700~930Ma(新元古代)、396~544Ma(古生代)年龄显示,盆地早期有构造岩浆活动;121.0±8.5Ma(早白垩世)锆石存在,显示其形成与盆地内部同期热液活动有关。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部晚三叠世辉绿岩年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部中奥陶统马家沟组灰岩内部发育多条辉绿岩脉。辉绿岩富集高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、Hf等,具有板内拉斑玄武岩的地球化学特征,其地球化学数据显示原始岩浆经历过比较强烈的结晶分异演化。对辉绿岩的锆石进行U-Pb LA-ICP-MS测年获得的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄为750~195 Ma。根据峰值年龄并结合区域地质资料,本文把辉绿岩的形成年龄确定为224 Ma(晚三叠世)。辉绿岩反映鄂尔多斯盆地西南部在晚三叠世处于类似大陆裂谷的伸展构造环境,晚三叠世西邻陇山地区发生的强烈碰撞后伸展作用也可能有助于进一步强化鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的伸展构造环境。当时该地区岩石圈的稳定性相对较弱,为该地区后续的早侏罗世和早白垩世岩浆活动提供了物质基础。晚三叠世及后期的岩浆活动提高了鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的地温梯度并加快了该地区烃源岩的热演化进程,可能对该地区的油气成藏条件造成潜在影响。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861