四种计算地震反应数值方法的比较研究

本文在简要总结了计算单自由度系统地震反应频域方法和时域方法的特点之后,按照统一的递归公式,系统地对计算单自由度体系的四种时域方法即中心差分方法、Newmark方法、Z变换方法、Duhamel逐步积分法进行了对比研究。通过递归系数b1和b2的不变性、传递函数的低频约束条件和相位特性以及数值分析等几个方面说明了上述方法各自的优缺点、相对精度和适用的范围。根据动力平衡方程的算子不变性,研究了上述方法的共性特征,揭示了相对位移、相对速度、相对加速度递归公式的内在联系,这表明只要知道相对位移的递归公式,相对速度、相对加速度的递归公式也就随之确定,在此基础上推荐了一套计算单自由度系统相对位移、相对速度、相对加速度地震反应的递归公式。     

新型单自由度基础隔震体系简化计算方法研究

本文建立了一种新型的单自由度体系基础隔震结构实用设计方法，该方法考虑了上部结构的变形、简便，合理，可靠，与传统抗震设计方法概念比较接近，便于在工程应用中推广。     

组装式单自由度地震模拟振动台的创新技术研究

首先阐述了东南大学4 m×6 m组装式单自由度地震模拟振动台系统的组成、性能参数以及创新技术的运用;接着深入地论述了如何正确运用台面拼装技术、合理利用现有的基础和导轨,以及现有控制系统的改造和控制方法的选择;最后通过实际的台面背景噪声试验以及波形失真试验,验证了这些创新技术的突出优点。组装系统节约了60%的建设成本;300 kN的最大载重量以及超出93%的信噪比证明,运用创新技术还极大地发挥了组装系统的动态性能。     

多自由度海洋结构随机地震响应的近似计算方法

本文主要针对海洋结构非线性随机地震响应问题的近似计算分析进行了研究,导出了一个求解等效阻尼系数的简单表达式,利用这一等效阻尼系数,就可直接求解非线性结构的随机地震响应,而不必进行反复的迭代。这一方法的优点是求解过程较简单,计算速度快,但又具有较高的精度。     

地震反应谱数值计算方法的研究

本文把具有解析递推格式的地震反应谱数值计算方法归结为单步法和两步法,并且给出了说明这两种方法传递算子具有不变特性的两个定理。利用这两个定理,本文较为简便和完善地推导了新的地震反应谱数值计算递推公式。文末通过计算对比研究,给出了同时计算绝对加速度、相对速度和相对位移反应谱的快速方法及相应的计算程序。     

复阻尼地震反应谱的计算方法及其它

本文阐述了为什么要研究复阻尼地震反应谱问题,并给出了复阻尼地震反应谱计算的精确方法．实例计算结果表明,复阻尼反应港与常用的粘性阻尼反应谱之间存在着相当大的差异．文中还简述了复阻尼系统运动方程的建立方法。     

隔震结构地震反应分析的实用计算方法

根据上部结构和隔震单元特性对隔震结构反应的影响,提出了可用于隔震结构反应分析的简易方法,避免从数学上求解耦联的非线性方程.将隔震层的恢复力模型等效线性化,以结构动力响应的Duhamel积分为基础,提出了一种新的结构动力响应的数值计算方法.     

复合隔震结构地震反应的简化计算

对单质点复合隔震结构的振动进行了分析，并导出了通过迭代计算复合隔城结构最大地震反应的简化公式，该计算公式可用于砌体隔震结构及类似结构初步设计的估算。     

基于等效单自由度体系的结构地震输入能量的研究

通过对多自由度体系结构在地震作用下的能量分析,考虑地震动因素和结构自身特性,提出一种框架结构地震总输入能量的简化求解方法.实例计算结果表明:基于等效单自由度体系来估计多自由度体系的地震总输入能,是一种计算简便且较为准确的方法.     

单桩基础在元限层地基中的横向地震反应分析

本文以东港城市双线公路隧道的建设为背景，论述了隧道的支护类型，参数选择，洞室稳定等问题。此外，还就塌方处理，爆破方案，工程质量检查等问题进行了探讨。     

Self-centering seismic retrofit scheme for reinforced concrete frame structures: SDOF system study

This paper presents the results of a parametric study of self-centering seismic retrofit schemes for reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings. The self-centering retrofit system features flag-shaped hysteresis and minimal residual deformation. For comparison purpose,an alternate seismic retrofit scheme that uses a bilinear-hysteresis retrofit system such as buckling-restrained braces (BRB) is also considered in this paper. The parametric study was carried out in a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system framework since a multi-story building structure may be idealized as an equivalent SDOF system and investigation of the performance of this equivalent SDOF system can provide insight into the seismic response of the multi-story building. A peak-oriented hysteresis model which can consider the strength and stiffness degradation is used to describe the hysteretic behavior of RC structures. The parametric study involves two key parameters -the strength ratio and elastic stiffness ratio between the seismic retrofit system and the original RC frame. An ensemble of 172 earthquake ground motion records scaled to the design basis earthquake in California with a probability of exceedance of 10% in 50 years was constructed for the simulation-based parametric study. The effectiveness of the two seismic retrofit schemes considered in this study is evaluated in terms of peak displacement ratio,peak acceleration ratio,energy dissipation demand ratio and residual displacement ratio between the SDOF systems with and without retrofit. It is found from this parametric study that RC structures retrofitted with the self-centering retrofit scheme (SCRS) can achieve a seismic performance level comparable to the bilinear-hysteresis retrofit scheme (BHRS) in terms of peak displacement and energy dissipation demand ratio while having negligible residual displacement after earthquake.     

线性SDOF体系共振动力响应的Hilbert谱分析

利用HHT方法分析了线性SDOF体系在共振状态下的强迫动力响应,系统地研究了线性SDOF体系在简谐波、线性调频波与正弦调频波输入下处于共振状态时结构动力响应的H ilbert谱与本征模态函数的特征,并且将H ilbert谱、Morlet小波谱及Fourier幅值谱所蕴含的物理意义及分辨率特性进行了比较。研究结果表明,与Fourier幅值谱相比,H ilbert谱在刻画非平稳时程的某些时变特征方面更加直观,其物理意义更加明确,而与Morlet小波谱相比H ilbert谱则具有较高的分辨率。     

Solution of dynamic response of SDOF system using piecewise Lagrange polynomial

As an extension of the procedure in which an arbitrary dynamic loading is approximated by piecewise linear segments, the second‐ and third‐degree piecewise Lagrangian interpolating polynomials are employed to approximate an arbitrary dynamic loading in the Duhamel integral for the solution of dynamic response of a SDOF system. The related formulae are derived. The proposed method offers computational advantage over the traditional step‐by‐step solution techniques for comparable accuracy, and far better accuracy than the piecewise linear approximation procedure for comparable time interval when the loading cannot be represented by straight‐line segments. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TMD对结构地震响应控制效果的研究

TMD对简谐激励和风荷载引起振动的控制效果得到了一致的肯定,然而关于TMD地震控制的效果还没有一致的结论.文中比较了几种有代表性的TMD参数优化方法所确定的TMD参数;利用MAT-LAB编制了计算程序,分析了不同方法所确定的TMD参数用于地震控制时,控制效果的差别;从反应谱的概念出发,研究TMD对单自由度结构的地震控制效果.结果表明,TMD总体上对于单自由度结构的地震响应是有控制效果的,结构本身响应越大,控制效果越好;结构本身响应很小的时候,TMD有放大结构响应的现象,但由于结构本身响应很小,放大后的结构响应也不会导致结构有破坏的危险.     

Tracking modal parameters from building seismic response data using recursive subspace identification algorithm

Tracking modal parameters and estimating the current structural state of a building from seismic response measurements, particularly during strong earthquake excitations, can provide useful information for building safety assessment and the adaptive control of a structure. Therefore, online or recursive identification techniques need to be developed and implemented for building seismic response monitoring. This paper develops and examines different methods to track modal parameters from building seismic response data. The methods include recursive data‐driven subspace identification (RSI‐DATA) using Givens rotation algorithm, and RSI‐DATA using Bona fide algorithm. The question on how well the results of RSI‐DATA reflect the real condition is investigated and verified with a bilinear SDOF simulation study. Time‐varying modal parameters of a four‐story reinforced concrete school building are identified based on a series of earthquake excitations, including several seismic events, large and small. Discussions on the different methods' ability to track the time‐varying modal parameters are presented. The variation of the identified building modal frequencies and damping ratios from a series of event‐by‐event seismic responses, particularly before and after retrofitting of the building is also discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A recursive decomposition algorithm for network seismic reliability evaluation

A new probabilistic analytical approach to evaluate seismic system reliability of large lifeline systems is presented in this paper. The algorithm takes the shortest path from the source to the terminal of a node weight or edge weight network as decomposition policy, using the Boolean laws of set operation and probabilistic operation principal, a recursive decomposition process then could be constructed. For a general weight network, the modified Torrieri method (NTR/T method) is introduced to combine with the suggested algorithm. Therefore, the recursive decomposition algorithm may be applied to evaluate the seismic reliability of general lifeline systems. A series of case studies, including a practical district electric power network system and a large urban water supply system, show that the suggested algorithm supplies a useful probabilistic analysis means for the seismic reliability evaluation of large lifeline systems. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic response of self‐centring hysteretic SDOF systems

The seismic response of single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems incorporating flag‐shaped hysteretic structural behaviour, with self‐centring capability, is investigated numerically. For a SDOF system with a given initial period and strength level, the flag‐shaped hysteretic behaviour is fully defined by a post‐yielding stiffness parameter and an energy‐dissipation parameter. A comprehensive parametric study was conducted to determine the influence of these parameters on SDOF structural response, in terms of displacement ductility, absolute acceleration and absorbed energy. This parametric study was conducted using an ensemble of 20 historical earthquake records corresponding to ordinary ground motions having a probability of exceedence of 10% in 50 years, in California. The responses of the flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF systems are compared against the responses of similar bilinear elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF systems. In this study the elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF systems are assigned parameters representative of steel moment resisting frames (MRFs) with post‐Northridge welded beam‐to‐column connections. In turn, the flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF systems are representative of steel MRFs with newly proposed post‐tensioned energy‐dissipating connections. Building structures with initial periods ranging from 0.1 to 2.0s and having various strength levels are considered. It is shown that a flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF system of equal or lesser strength can always be found to match or better the response of an elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF system in terms of displacement ductility and without incurring any residual drift from the seismic event. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Minimal cut-based recursive decomposition algorithm for seismic reliability evaluation of lifeline networks

In this paper, a new probabilistic analytical approach, the minimal cut-based recursive decomposition algorithm (MCRDA), is presented to evaluate the seismic reliability of large-scale lifeline systems. Based on the minimal cut searching algorithm, the approach calculates the disjoint minimal cuts one by one using the basic procedure of the recursive decomposition method. At the same time, the process obtains the disjoint minimal paths of the system. In order to improve the computation efficiency, probabilistic inequality is used to calculate a solution that satisfies the prescribed error bound. A series of case studies show that MCRDA converges rapidly when the edges of the systems have low reliabilities. Therefore, the approach can be used to evaluate large-scale lifeline systems subjected to strong seismic wave excitation.     

An equivalent SDOF system model for estimating the response of R/C building structures with proportional hysteretic dampers subjected to earthquake motions

For the purpose of estimating the earthquake response, particularly the story drift demand, of reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings with proportional hysteretic dampers, an equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) system model is proposed. Especially in the inelastic range, the hysteretic behavior of an R/C main frame strongly differs from that of hysteretic dampers due to strength and stiffness degradation in R/C members. Thus, the proposed model, unlike commonly used single‐spring SDOF system models, differentiates the restoring force characteristics of R/C main frame and hysteretic dampers to explicitly take into account the hysteretic behavior of dampers. To confirm the validity of the proposed model, earthquake responses of a series of frame models and their corresponding equivalent SDOF system models were compared. 5‐ and 10‐story frame models were studied as representative of low‐ and mid‐rise building structures, and different mechanical properties of dampers—yield strength and yield deformation—were included to observe their influence on the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results of the analyses demonstrated a good correspondence between estimated story drift demands using the proposed SDOF system model and those of frame models. Moreover, the proposed model: (i) led to better estimates than those given by a single‐spring SDOF system model, (ii) was capable of estimating the input energy demand and (iii) was capable of estimating the total hysteretic energy and the participation of dampers into the total hysteretic energy dissipation, in most cases. Results, therefore, suggest that the proposed model can be useful in structural design practice. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.