Thermal entanglement in two-qutrit spin-1 anisotropic Heisenberg model with inhomogeneous magnetic field

The thermal entanglement of a two-qutrit spin-1 anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ chain in an inhomogeneous magnetic field is studied in detail. The effects of the external magnetic field (B), a parameter b which controls the inhomogeneity of B, and the bilinear interaction parameters J_x=Jy≠Jz on the thermal variation of the negativity are studied in detail. It is found that negativity N decreases when the values of magnetic field, inhomogeneity b and temperature are increasing. In addition, N remains at higher temperatures for higher values of J_z and lower values of B and b.     

丝阵Z箍缩早期消融等离子体动力学的二维数值模拟研究

采用理想磁流体力学模型,给出合理的二维(r, θ)质量注入边界条件,对丝阵Z箍缩早期消融等离子体的动力学过程进行了二维(r, θ)数值模拟研究,得到消融等离子体各参量以及磁场的二维时空分布.模拟结果表明,消融等离子体的运动包括四个主要阶段:首先向轴漂移,然后在轴线处滞止并形成先驱等离子体柱,随后先驱等离子体柱被压缩,最后缓慢膨胀.计算了不同丝阵半径和丝间距情况下消融等离子体到轴速度以及消融质量占丝阵总质量的份额,它们的变化规律与实验结果基本符合.通过     

基于等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术的光电子器件多层抗反膜的设计和制作

针对光电子器件端面抗反镀膜的要求,研究了基于等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)技术的多层抗反膜的设计和制作.首先,对影响SiN_x折射率的因素进行了实验研究,确定了具有大折射率差的SiO₂/SiN_x材料的PECVD沉积条件.根据理论计算分析,设计了四层SiO₂/SiN_x抗反膜结构,能够在70 nm的波长范围内实现低于10^-4的反射率     

飞秒啁啾Gauss型脉冲在稠密Λ型三能级原子介质中的传播

利用由预估校正(PC)- 时域有限差分(FDTD)法求得的不含慢变包络近似(SVEA)和旋转波近似(RWA)的全波Maxwell-Bloch方程的数值解, 研究了飞秒啁啾Gauss型激光脉冲(以下简称啁啾脉冲)在稠密Λ型三能级原子介质中的传播.研究表明,啁啾系数(C)的正负及大小的变化对脉冲传播特性有显著的影响,而且这个影响与脉冲面积的大小密切相关.面积小于4π的啁啾脉冲,在介质中传播时不发生分裂,且啁啾脉冲逐渐演化为一个近似的无啁啾(C=0)脉冲,这一特点不随啁啾系数的改变而     

边界层高度和动量粗糙度的不确定性对台风“天鸽”(1713)模拟的影响

基于中国气象局区域台风数值预报系统(CMA-TYM),通过一系列敏感性试验,分析研究了台风“天鸽”(1713)生命过程中不同时间阶段的移动路径及强度的数值模拟对模式参数化方案中边界层高度(h)和动量粗糙度(z₀)的敏感性。试验结果表明,使用不同参数化方案计算的h在“天鸽”(1713)初期的热带风暴阶段对热带气旋的移动路径有较明显的影响,在台风成熟后对热带气旋的移动路径影响不显著 ;台风中心附近最大10 m风速对h的变化不敏感,而最低海平面气压对h的变化却非常敏感。同时发现在台风发展初期阶段,边界层过薄或过厚都不利于台风强度的发展加强。这表明边界层高度h在热带气旋数值模拟和预报中是非常重要的,尤其是在台风发展的初期阶段。动量粗糙度z0的变化对台风“天鸽”的影响主要体现在台风增强阶段,台风中心附近10 m风速最大值在台风增强阶段对z₀敏感,尤其是在台风发展的初期阶段     

济宁S波段双线偏振多普勒雷达数据质量分析

以济宁S波段双线偏振多普勒雷达观测的层状云降水资料为例,分析了信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)、相关系数(ρhv)对偏振参量的影响以及近距离双偏振参数的特征。利用雷达最高扫描仰角的层状云降水资料,对小雨和干雪两种自然目标物差分反射率因子(Z_DR)的订正效果进行分析。研究表明:(1)SNR小于21 dB时,Z_DR、ρ_hv、差分传播相位偏差(ΔΦ_DP)的平均值和标准差随SNR的变化波动明显,Z_DR、ρ_hv、差分传播相位(Φ_DP)不稳定,数据质量差。SNR大于21 dB时,Z_DR、ρ_hv、Φ_DP才具有可信度,且随着SNR的增大,Z_DR、ρ_hv、Φ_DP的稳定性越来越好。(2)SNR大于21 dB、ρ_hv＜0.965时,ΔΦ_DP的平均值和标准差随ρhv的变化而波动剧烈;SNR大于21 dB、ρhv＞0.965时,ρhv越大,Φ_DP的值越稳定。(3)受地面噪声干扰、近距离地物以及天线旁瓣的影响,0~15 km的近距离偏振参数不稳定,数据质量差,业务应用中需特别注意。(4)利用小雨和干雪两种自然目标物对ZDR系统误差进行标定,通过对比发现,小雨粒子的ZDR系统误差的平均值和标准差比干雪粒子小很多,且小雨粒子ZDR系统误差订正曲线比干雪粒子稳定;小雨粒子相比于干雪粒子,其ZDR系统误差订正效果更稳定;经过系统误差订正后的降水粒子的ZDR值较订正前更加合理。     

纳米复合永磁材料中软磁性相交换硬化的研究

本文就纳米复合永磁材料中软磁相被交换硬化问题,从一维模型和三维模拟计算进行了分析研究. 一维和三维各向异性样品研究表明,在相同微结构下,当硬磁相的各向异性降低时,除矫顽力降低外,在磁矩全部反转之前退磁曲线是一样的. 因此,硬磁相各向异性的降低不会导致最大磁能积(BH)_max增大和剩磁增加. 对于三维各向同性样品的模拟计算表明,降低硬磁相的各向异性会使剩磁和(BH)_max都明显降低. 因此,增强硬磁相的各向异性并增大硬磁相晶粒尺寸是提高     

3D Effects on Vortex-Shedding Flow and Hydrodynamic Coefficients of A Vertically Oscillating Cylinder with A Bottom-Attached Disk

Vortex-shedding flow induced by the vertical oscillation of a cylinder with bottom-attached disks of different diameter ratio D_d/D_c and thickness ratio t_d/D_c is studied by a 3D (three-dimensional) numerical model developed in this paper, and compared with the results obtained through 2D (two-dimensional) numerical model. The high-order upwind scheme is applied to stabilize the computation, and convergence is accelerated by the multi-grid method. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the differences between the 2D and 3D simulation results reveal the 3D effect on the flow field characteristics and hydrodynamic coefficients of the vertically oscillating cylinder with a bottom-attached disk. The 3D effect on the fluid field is mainly reflected in the significance of three vortex-shedding patterns: ω_x has a greater effect on the flow fields around the sharp edges relative to the vortices generated in the 2D simulation. In the slice along the axial orientation, the vortex effect of ω_y along the radial axis is smaller than that of ω_x along the circumferential direction, indicating the radial effect on the velocity more pronounced than the circumferential effect around the sharp edges of the disk. The rotational interaction ω_z of the fluid in the horizontal plane during the heave motion is insignificant. Based on the 2D and 3D simulation results, the turning points that separate the increasing regimes of the added mass coefficient and damping ratio are identified. The dependence of the turning point on the diameter ratio D_d/D_c and thickness ratio t_d/D_c are discussed in detail.     

密度泛函理论对ZrnPd团簇结构和性质的研究

用B3LYP/LANL2DZ方法对Zr_nPd(n =1—13)团簇的平衡几何结构、能量、频率、电子性质和磁性进行了计算.研究表明,Pd原子位于表面的异构体更为稳定,其中Zr₇Pd,Zr₁₂Pd团簇稳定性高,是幻数团簇;此外,相对于Zr_nCo与Zr_nFe团簇,Zr_nPd团簇参与化学反应的能力较弱,化学稳定性更     

褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)幼鱼生物学表型对体质量的影响效应

探究影响水产养殖动物体质量的关键生物学表型性状组合,进而揭示其体质量增长对策,对指导水产养殖动物的种质甄别与科学养殖具重要现实意义。随机选取象山西沪港海域板式网箱内养殖3个月的褐菖鲉幼鱼同生群个体60尾为研究对象,以全长(X₁)、体长(X₂)、体宽(X₃)、体高(X₄)、头宽(X₅)、侧线长(X₆)、尾柄高(X₇)、体质量(BW)、净体质量(NW)、内脏质量(W₁)、肠质量(W₂)、肝质量(W₃)、胃质量(W₄)、鳃质量(W₅)、心质量(W₆)为生物学测定指标,采用多元分析方法定量研究了体尺性状和称量性状对体质量的影响效应。结果表明:(1)经统计,所涉称量性状测定值较体尺性状更显离散,两者变异系数的波动范围分别为38.27%~89.86%和13.86%~17.78%,排序分别为W₄>W₁>W₆>W₂>W₅>W₃>NW>BW和X₃>X₄>X₆>X₅>X₂>X₇>X₁;经计算,消化脏器与内脏间的质量比呈W₃>W₄>W₂ (P<0.05);(2)相关分析显示,所涉体尺性状和称量性状均与BW呈极显著相关(P<0.01),两者相关系数波动范围分别为0.414~0.990和0.899~0.961,排序分别为NW>W₃>W₁>W₆>W₅>W₂>W₄和X₁>X₄>X₂>X₅>X₆>X₃>X₇;(3)经通径分析,被保留的称量性状组合和体尺性状组合的直接作用排序分别为NW>W₃>W₂>W₄>W₆和X₄>X₅>X₆>X₇;经决定程度分析和复相关分析,称量性状组合对BW的总决定系数和复相关指数均为0.989,体尺性状组合则均为0.961;(4)经偏回归分析,分别获得了基于称量性状组合和体尺性状组合的BW估算方程。研究结果可为褐菖鲉速生型种质遴选与科学养殖提供参考。     

On the radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas

The radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas of finite depth is investigated. The analytical expressions for the radiated and diffracted potentials are derived as infinite series by use of the method of separation of variables. The unknown coefficients in the series are determined by the eigenfunction expansion matching method. The expressions for wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients and reflection and transmission coefficients are given and verified by the boundary element method. Using the present analytical solution, the hydrodynamic influences of the angle of incidence, the submergence, the width and the thickness of the structure on the wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, and reflection and transmission coefficients are discussed in detail.     

Reflection and transmission properties of double submerged rectangular blocks

An analytic method is used to study the reflection and transmission coefficients of the double submerged rectangular blocks (DSRBs) in oblique waves. The scattering potentials are obtained by means of the eigenfunction expansion method, and expressions for the reflection and transmission coefficients are determined. The boundary element method is employed to verify the correctness of the present analytical method. The DSRBs have better performance than the single submerged rectangular block (SSRB) in certain cases. The reflection and transmission properties of the DSRBs are investigated for some specific cases, and the influences of the geometric parameters are also presented.     

Wave damping characteristics of vertically stratified porous structures under oblique wave action

The characteristics of wave damping for the vertically stratified porous breakwaters are investigated under oblique wave action. It is found that for common angles of incidence, the wave damping efficiency of a vertically stratified porous structure behaves very similar to a simple structure. The reflection coefficient decreases with increasing angle of incidence while the transmission coefficient only slightly increases as the angle of incidence increases. It is shown that the wave energy loss is in direct proportional to the structure thickness and its porosity regardless of the angle of incidence. Considering small transmission coefficient as a basic requirement and if a moderate reflection coefficient is accepted, a structure thickness of b/h=1 is proposed. In this situation, since the structure does not have a very large thickness, adopting a vertically stratified structure is not an effective way to improve its wave damping efficiency.     

淹没矩形防波堤透反射系数特性研究

采用解析方法研究了斜向入射波作用下淹没矩形防波堤的透反射系数特性.首先利用特征函数展开法导出了绕射势函数的分析解和透反射系数的计算公式,然后利用边界元方法验证了解析解,在此基础上利用解析解分析了若干工况下的防波堤透反射特性.计算结果表明,淹没矩形防波堤截面的宽度、高度和相对位置以及入射角的改变都不同程度影响反射系数和透射系数.在中等深度条件下,对于一定频率的波浪,位置和尺寸适当的淹没矩形堤可以反射大部分斜向入射波.研究结果对设计淹没的矩形防波堤具有重要的参考价值.     

A model for obliquely incident wave interacting with a multi-layered object

This paper presents an analytical solution for scattering of oblique incident, small amplitude, monochromatic wave trains by a stationary rigid multi-layered objects with rectangular cross-section. The object is infinite long and consists of multilayers, which can be either solid or permeable. This paper extends the previous work by Hu and Liu [1] from normal incident wave condition with a special object configuration to oblique incident waves with multi-layered object. The present model is validated with several existing solutions for normal/oblique waves interacting with a single object; excellent agreement is observed. New numerical results are presented to investigate the effects of incidence angle on reflection, transmission and energy loss coefficients for a combined floating and bottom-mounted permeable breakwater. A new floating board-cage breakwater is developed from the present model and its solutions are discussed in detail. A computer program, AWAS-P, has been updated so that it is applicable for both oblique and normal incident waves, while the object is multi-layered.     

波浪反射系数谱的特征分析

应用斜向不规则波反射系数的改进两点法(MTPM),用模型试验研究了混凝土护面堤和块石护面堤波浪反射系数的频率谱和方向谱,结果表明,分析的反射系数随入射波频率的增加、结构坡度的减小和入射角的加大而减小.给出了波浪反射系数频率谱及其随Iribarren数变化的规律,提出了反射系数三维谱的经验公式,由此可定量地描述斜向不规则波的反射系数随无量纲特征参数Iribarren数和入射波角度的变化规律.     

Scattering of Oblique Water Waves by Two Unequal Surface-Piercing Vertical Thin Plates with Stepped Bottom Topography

Based on linear water-wave theory, this study investigated the scattering of oblique incident water waves by two unequal surface-piercing thin vertical rigid plates with stepped bottom topography. By using the matched eigenfunction expansion method and a least square approach, the analytical solutions are sought for the established boundary value problem. The effects of the incidence angle, location of step, depth ratio of deep to shallow waters, and column width between two plates, on the reflection coefficients, the horizontal wave forces acting on the two plates, and the mean surface elevation between the two plates, are numerically examined under a variety of wave conditions. The results show that the existence of the stepped bottom between two plates considerably impacts the hydrodynamic performances of the present system. It is found that the effect of stepped bottom on the reflection coefficient of the present two-plate structure is evident only with waves of the low dimensionless frequency. Moreover, the influence of the step location on the hydrodynamic performance of the present two-plate structure is slight if the step is placed in between the two plates.     

Oblique wave diffraction by segmented offshore breakwaters

This paper presents a theoretical model to examine oblique wave diffraction by a detached breakwater system consisting of an infinite row of regularly-spaced thin, impermeable structures located in water of uniform depth. The fluid is assumed incompressible and inviscid and to undergo irrotational motion. Wave heights are assumed to be sufficiently small such that linear wave theory is applicable. The eigenfunction expansion solution of Dalrymple and Martin (1990) for normal wave incidence on this breakwater geometry is modified herein to study oblique wave effects. Numerical results, in the form of contour maps of the relative wave height behind the structure, or complex reflection coefficients, are presented for a range of wave and breakwater parameters. The accuracy of the present model is verified by a comparison with existing results for the limiting cases of an isolated detached breakwater, and a breakwater with a single gap. Also, for the multi-gap breakwater, the present solution is further verified for both normal and oblique wave incidence with results in the open literature.     

Interaction of Linear Waves with Infinitely Long Horizontal Cylinders Studied by Boundary Element Method

The two-dimensional problems concerning the interaction of linear water waves with cylinders of arbitrary shape in two-layer deep water are investigated by use of the Boundary Integral Equation Method (BIEM). Simpler new expressions for the Green functions are derived, and verified by comparison of results obtained by BIEM with those by an analytical method. Examined are the radiation and scattering of linear waves by two typical configurations of cylinders in two-layer deep water. Hydrodynamic behaviors including hydrodynamic coefficients, wave forces, reflection and transmission coefficients and energies are analyzed in detail, and some interesting physical phenomena are observed.     

改进的一维分形海面模型在分层海面电磁波透射问题中的应用

运用微扰法研究了平面波入射分层介质粗糙面的电磁波透射问题,采用改进的一维分形海面模型模拟实际的分层海面,推导出了平面波入射时的透射系数计算公式.通过数值计算得到了HH极化透射系数随散射角的变化曲线,讨论了中间介质介电常数和厚度、摩擦风速和入射波频率对透射系数的影响,得到改进的一维分形分层海面透射系数的基本特征、分区特征和随频率变化的特征,结果表明透射系数近似具有"量子化"特征.