混凝土框架中间节点改进斜压杆模型及定参方法

采用斜压杆模型计算钢筋混凝土框架中间层中节点的抗剪承载力或节点核心区的剪应力-剪应变关系具有构形简单、计算方便的优势。斜压杆模型的关键问题之一是斜压杆横截面尺寸的确定。针对现有斜压杆模型一般不考虑节点核心区混凝土斜压杆在受力过程中存在的应力扩散现象,或仅考虑单方向应力扩散的不足,本文在有代表性的斜压杆模型基础上,提出了考虑斜压杆双向应力扩散影响的改进斜压杆模型,建议了考虑节点轴压比、剪压比、配箍率和梁柱宽度比影响的斜压杆应力扩散长度系数确定方法,并采用多个梁柱组合体抗震性能试验结果对该改进模型进行了校核。结果表明,该改进斜压杆模型能更有效地预测节点的剪应力-剪应变骨架曲线。     

钢筋混凝土框架中节点受剪性能计算的改进拉压杆模型

梁柱节点是框架结构中承受和传递荷载的关键部位。框架节点抗震性能试验研究表明,高剪应力的作用下,节点核心区通常产生显著的非弹性剪切变形。采用数值模拟研究钢筋混凝土梁柱节点抗剪性能时,正确地计算节点核心区剪应力-剪应变关系是有限元分析成功实施的关键。基于梁柱节点抗震性能试验中节点核心区的受力变形特征,提出了基于变形的改进拉压杆模型,推导了节点剪应力-剪应变(■-γ)关系曲线的计算方法。以多组梁柱节点低周反复加载试验结果为依据,对比分析斜压杆模型与基于变形的改进拉压杆模型的计算结果,校核了基于变形的改进拉压杆模型计算准确性和适用性。结果表明：与斜压杆模型相比,基于变形的改进拉压杆模型能有效预测钢筋混凝土框架中间层中节点的■-γ骨架曲线,能较准确地计算节点峰值剪应力。     

新型全螺栓分层装配式节点抗震性能分析

在装配式结构中,梁柱节点连接方式不仅影响装配效率,抗震性能在结构抵抗地震作用中更起到决定性的作用。通过改变节点构造将塑性铰从核心区向梁上发展,提出了一种新型全螺栓分层装配式连接节点,以提高节点抗震性能。采用有限元分析软件建立新型全螺栓分层装配式节点模型,通过与试验结果对比确定方法的有效性。分析了方钢管柱壁厚、节点域翼缘厚度、内套筒壁厚和内套筒凸起高度等参数对节点抗震性能的影响规律。获得节点破坏过程和破坏模式,并得到滞回性能、刚度和强度退化等抗震特性,为新型全螺栓分层装配式节点的设计提供了可靠依据。     

预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点抗震性能试验研究

通过4个预应力混凝土宽扁梁框架边节点在低周反复荷载作用下的抗震试验研究,对宽扁梁边节点在模拟地震作用下的破坏形态、特征荷载、滞回特性、骨架曲线、延性以及耗能能力等抗震性能进行分析研究。研究表明:试件初裂出现在靠近柱附近的梁,最终破坏区域发生在节点外核心区剪切破坏;荷载位移滞回曲线基本上呈梭形且相对饱满,试件位移延性系数介于3.7~5.13,具有较好的延性及耗能能力;穿过节点外核心区的预应力筋数量变化时,试件的延性及耗能能力变化不明显;试验中出现外核心区内的扁梁纵筋与混凝土黏结滑移破坏,混凝土剥落,而内核心区水平箍筋并未达到极限强度,建议在扁梁框架节点的设计应设置构造竖向垂直箍筋。总体上看,预应力混凝土宽扁梁框架边节点具有一定的抗震性能,可以通过合理的构造措施将其应用于抗震结构中。     

新型梁柱装配式刚性节点三种设计方法对比分析

梁柱装配式刚性节点是一种新型节点,它具有构造简单、整体性能高、安装方便等优点。分别采用等强度设计法、精确设计法和简化设计法对新型梁柱装配式刚性节点进行设计。在此基础上,考虑几何、材料和状态三重非线性,利用ABAQUS软件对节点进行了非线性有限元分析,得到了节点在单调荷载作用下的荷载-位移曲线及低周反复荷载作用下的滞回曲线,研究了按不同方法设计的节点的力学性能。研究结果表明:按照等强度法设计的节点具有较高的承载力,且在低周反复荷载作用下的滞回曲线较饱满,滞回环面积较大,表现出了良好的耗能性能。建议在设计此种形式节点时,优先考虑等强度设计法。     

新型截面SRC梁柱节点抗剪承载力计算研究

提出新型截面(正向和斜向布置扩大十字型钢)型钢混凝土(SRC)柱-I字型钢SRC梁节点的构造措施。通过4个新型截面SRC柱-I字型钢SRC梁节点试件与1个普通SRC梁柱节点试件的低周反复荷载试验,研究试件的破坏特征和节点区剪力-剪切角关系,分析配钢形式、加载角度和构造措施对节点剪切变形的影响,并进一步提出实腹式SRC梁柱节点的受剪机理,结果表明,新型截面SRC梁柱节点发生核心区剪切破坏,其受力机理为斜压杆、刚框架-钢板剪力墙和约束机理的综合作用。通过对数值模拟数据的回归分析,采用叠加方法,提出考虑型钢腹板、箍筋和轴压比的新型截面SRC梁柱节点抗剪承载力计算公式,计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

考虑组合效应的钢框架梁柱节点恢复力模型研究

为了研究考虑节点区组合效应后高层钢框架节点的抗震性能,根据钢框架节点在低周反复荷载作用下足尺模型试验研究成果,总结了各试验节点试件的滞回性能,包括节点的延性、耗能能力等指标.在试验滞回曲线的基础上,考虑试件强度、刚度退化等影响,建立了考虑组合效应的梁柱节点的恢复力模型,所建立的模型可以用于结构弹塑性时程反应分析和钢框架节点抗震设计.     

钢框架结构典型震害的计算机模拟研究

为模拟钢框架结构的典型震害,本文基于ANSYS软件建立了钢框架结构简化模型。该模型可以考虑楼板对钢框架结构整体性能的影响,并且进一步考虑了楼板与钢梁之间的滑移、节点域变形,以及梁柱节点焊缝的断裂等因素。应用本文建立的钢框架结构模型对北岭地震中Blue Cross大厦的震害进行了模拟,与实际震害对比的结果表明,该模型能够比较精确地模拟地震作用下钢框架结构的响应。钢框架结构模型对节点焊缝断裂的钢框架结构震害研究有着重要的意义。     

PE纤维水泥基复合材料框架梁柱节点的抗震性能试验研究

为了研究聚乙烯(PE)纤维水泥基复合材料应用于结构中的抗震性能,对PE纤维水泥基复合材料梁柱节点和普通混凝土梁柱节点进行了低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验研究。对节点破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力、刚度退化、强度退化和耗能等抗震性能进行了对比分析。试验结果表明:2种节点均经历了初裂、通裂、极限和破坏四个过程;PE纤维水泥基复合材料替换节点核心区附近混凝土,将混凝土框架节点从核心区剪切破坏提升为梁的弯曲破坏,对节点的初始刚度有一定提升,屈服荷载和极限承载也有所增强,节点强度和刚度始终优于混凝土节点,对节点的耗能能力没有明显影响。     

FRP抗震加固混凝土梁柱节点的受剪承载力分析

通过采用SGFRP、HFRP加固的四个混凝土梁柱节点在低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能对比试验研究,提出了FRP加固节点受剪承载力的计算公式,并基于分析给出了相关计算参数的工程设计建议取值,并对加固方式、纤维品种、纤维粘贴角度等主要因素对节点抗剪承载能力的影响机理进行了分析,结果表明:在节点核心区和梁柱端头粘贴纤维可以有效的提高节点的受剪承载能力;加固方式直接影响节点受剪承载能力的大小。     

Improving integrity of RC beam-column joints with deficient beam rebar anchorage

In recent earthquakes in developing countries, severe damage was observed on reinforced concrete buildings. This study focuses on exterior beam-column joints with substandard beam rebar anchorage and seismic strengthening by installing wing walls. First, a series of experiments was conducted to investigate the seismic behavior of exterior joints with substandard beam rebar anchorage representing typical Bangladeshi buildings. Two 0.7-scaled exterior joint specimens were tested, and these specimens showed beam rebar anchorage failure and/or joint shear failure. Prior to strengthening of the joint, a series of pullout tests was conducted on postinstalled bonded anchors in low-strength concrete for strengthening design. Then, an experiment was performed to apply the strengthening method by wing walls to one of the exterior joint specimens to improve the integrity, and this method was intended to prevent the failure of beam rebar anchorage. The strengthening method is proposed to extend the development length of beam longitudinal bars by considering the embedment length along the wing walls. The test results verified the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed strengthening method to upgrade exterior RC beam-column joints with deficient beam rebar anchorage.     

全装配式预制混凝土结构梁柱组合件抗震性能试验研究

采用足尺模型对比试验方法对现浇高强混凝土梁柱组合件、预制混凝土结构高强混凝土后浇整体式梁柱组合件和高强预制混凝土结构全装配式梁柱组合件在低周反复荷载作用下的开裂破坏形态、滞回特性、骨架曲线、强度与刚度退化特性、耗能能力、节点核心区域的剪切变形、梁端与柱端的转动变形等抗震性能指标进行了系统研究。结果表明：高强预制混凝土结构后浇整体式梁柱组合件与现浇高强混凝土结构梁柱组合件具有相同的抗震能力，全装配式预制混凝土梁柱组合件的抗震性能和主要抗震性能指标与现浇高强混凝土梁柱组合件和预制混凝土结构后浇整体式梁柱组合件存在明显的差异。对于实际工程应用，应采取必要措施增加全装配式节点的耗能能力。     

楼板开角缝实现RC框架“强柱弱梁”效果的有限元分析

利用有限元软件ADINA对一栋6层现浇钢筋混凝土框架结构的梁柱节点做了拟静力分析与地震动力反应分析,并对普通梁柱节点与周围楼板设角缝节点的结果对比。分析计算结果表明,对于普通梁柱节点,在梁柱节点处采用开角缝的措施之后,梁受力主筋屈服明显提前,柱混凝土裂缝明显减少,梁、柱塑性铰出现时间间隔增加。首层柱柱脚处塑性铰的出现延后,更加接近总体机制破坏。     

Seismic performance of interior precast concrete beam-column connections with T-section steel inserts under cyclic loading

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the performance of precast beam-column concrete connections using T-section steel inserts into the concrete beam and joint core, under reversed cyclic loading. Six 2/3-scale interior beam-column subassemblies, one monolithic concrete specimen and five precast concrete specimens were tested. One precast specimen was a simple connection for a gravity load resistant design. Other precast specimens were developed with different attributes to improve their seismic performance. The test results showed that the performance of the monolithic specimen M1 represented ductile seismic behavior. Failure of columns and joints could be prevented, and the failure of the frame occurred at the flexural plastic hinge formation at the beam ends, close to the column faces. For the precast specimens, the splitting crack along the longitudinal lapped splice was a major failure. The precast P5 specimen with double steel T-section inserts showed better seismic performance compared to the other precast models. However, the dowel bars connected to the steel inserts were too short to develop a bond. The design of the precast concrete beams with lap splice is needed for longer lap lengths and should be done at the beam mid span or at the low flexural stress region.     

Application of headed studs in steel fiber reinforced cementitious composite slab of steel beam-column connection

Steel fiber reinforced cementitous composites(SFRCC)is a promising material with high strength in both compression and tension compared with normal concrete.The ductility is also greatly improved because of 6%volume portion of straight steel fibers.A steel beam-column connection with Steel fiber reinforced cementitous composites(SFRCC) slab diaphragms is proposed to overcome the damage caused by the weld.The push-out test results suggested that the application of SFRCC promises larger shear forces transferred through headed studs allocated in a small area in the slab. Finite element models were developed to simulate the behavior of headed studs.The failure mechanism of the grouped arrangement is further discussed based on a series of parametric analysis.In the proposed connection,the SFRCC slab is designed as an exterior diaphragm to transfer the beam flange load to the column face.The headed studs are densely arranged on the beam flange to connect the SFRCC slab diaphragms and steel beams.The seismic performance and failure mechanism of the SFRCC slab diaphragm beam-column connection were investigated based on the cyclic loading test.Beam hinge mechanism was achieved at the end of the SFRCC slab diaphragm by using sufficient studs and appropriate rebars in the SFRCC slab.     

Influence of the column-to-beam flexural strength ratio on the failure mode of beam-column connections in RC frames

The column-to-beam flexural strength ratio(CBFSR)has been used in many seismic codes to achieve the strong column-weak beam(SCWB)failure mode in reinforced concrete(RC)frames,in which plastic hinges appear earlier in beams than in columns.However,seismic investigations show that the required limit of CBFSR in seismic codes usually cannot achieve the SCWB failure mode under strong earthquakes.This study investigates the failure modes of RC frames with different CBFSRs.Nine typical three-story RC frame models with different CBFSRs are designed in accordance with Chinese seismic codes.The seismic responses and failure modes of the frames are investigated through time-history analyses using 100 ground motion records.The results show that the required limit of the CBFSR that guarantees the SCWB failure mode depends on the beam-column connection type and the seismic intensity,and different types of beam-column connections exhibit different failure modes even though they are designed with the same CBFSR.Recommended CBFSRs are proposed for achieving the designed SCWB failure mode for different types of connections in RC frames under different seismic intensities.These results may provide some reference for further revisions of the SCWB design criterion in Chinese seismic codes.     

上海环球金融中心大厦结构模型振动台抗震试验

上海环球金融中心大厦高101层,结构高度492m,高宽比8．49,拟建成为世界上结构主体最高的建筑物。大厦采用了三重结构体系抵抗水平荷载,它们由巨型框架、钢筋混凝土核心筒及构成核心筒和巨型型钢混凝土柱之间相互作用的伸臂桁架组成;核心筒竖向不连续,由低筒、中筒和上部筒3部分组成;二对角巨型柱在42层以上开始分叉形成倾斜曲面,巨型斜撑只设置在垂直立面上,且采用单向支撑。根据我国《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》(JGJ3—2002),该建筑总高超过了型钢混凝土框架一钢筋混凝土筒体最大高度190m的限值,同时高宽比超过了设防烈度7度地区为7的限值。为研究它在地震作用下的抗震性能,进行了缩尺(1／50)模型的振动台试验。试验结果表明,该结构体系合理,具有足够的水平刚度,在地震作用下位移反应不大,扭转效应比较小,满足我国抗震设防要求。     

板柱结构中柱节点抗震性能的试验研究

通过5个板柱结构中柱节点的水平低周反复荷载试验,研究了中柱节点的延性、滞回特性、耗能能力和破坏形态。实验结果表明,水平荷载作用下中柱节点主要有弯曲破坏和冲切破坏2种破坏形态,板中钢筋的配筋率是影响节点破坏形态的主要因素之一,板柱结构中柱节点的抗震性能要比框架结构的梁柱节点差。     

基于软化拉-压杆模型的RC空间边节点抗剪承载力计算方法

实际地震作用是多维的、随机的,框架节点在2个方向同时受力,其抗震能力相比于单向地震作用会降低。目前,对节点核心区在2个方向同时受力时抗剪承载力的研究尚未完善。在双向受力下,节点核心区2个方向传来的剪力形成合剪力作用面,在节点核心区内部形成不同于单向受力下的斜向斜压杆。本文基于软化拉-压杆模型,针对水平双向受力相同的空间边节点,在合剪力作用面内建立抗剪承载力计算模型,确定空间边节点核心区斜压杆以及钢筋拉杆的计算方法。利用有限元软件建立不同参数空间边节点模型,并收集部分空间节点试验数据,将剪力计算值与模拟值或试验值进行对比。结果表明,基于软化拉-压杆模型建立的双向受力下钢筋混凝土框架,其边节点抗剪承载力计算值与模拟值或试验值吻合良好。