流动地磁测量中地震异常信息的探索

S方法将同一测期一条流动地磁测线各测点的变化叠加，可抑制单个测点的干扰，使可能存在的震磁异常信息凸现。本研究了安徽省流动地磁测线S异常与邻近地区小震震群活动频次和中强地震的关系；探讨了“震情窗”地区S异常与“震情窗”相关地区中强地震的相关性；讨论了同一测期流动地磁测线各测点δf“同向变化”现象。     

山西代县MS3.0地震地磁异常与构造的关系

2019年9月13日山西代县发生M_S3.0地震，通过对震区及周边2期流动地磁总强度观测数据进行处理，得到2019年4—8月岩石圈磁场总强度变化特征，发现震中刚好位于零值线上；震中东侧出现NE向展布的显著负异常区，和发震断层走向一致，沿此断裂分布的测点异常能量较强，同时震区外围靠近断裂的测点也出现了较明显的异常，说明外围构造存在应力状态改变的现象，晋北局部地区应力场背景复杂，异常幅值与测点至断裂的距离具有较好的相关性。     

首都圈地磁差值年变率δF异常与地震预测研究

通过对１９８８￣１９９６年首都圈４０个测点的地磁差值年变率δＦ变化的全面分析研究,获得了近期两次唐山震区中强地震的地磁差值年变率δＦ异常,是以磁报震探索和震磁关系研究较好的近场前兆震例。地磁差值年变率δＦ方法４年来已用于首都圈１年尺度地震趋势判断。     

福建沿海地区流动地磁测量对大于ML4．0级震的映震能力分析

利用1990年以来福建沿海地区流动地磁观测资料,以｜δfij｜≥3nT为异常指标,对同一期｜δfij｜≥3nT的测点数作统计,分析研究1990年以来发生在福建地区及其近海域的地震与地磁异常变化的关系,结果表明,福建沿海地区流动地磁变化与福建省东南沿海及其近海域〉ML4．0级的地震存在较好的对应关系,但对福建省中西部地区映震能力较差。     

六安流动地磁测量异常的映震能力探讨

将安徽省六安地区流动地磁测线12个流动地磁测点的∑│δfi│异常与安徽中西部地震活动性作对比分析，初步结果为：12个流动地磁测点的∑│δfi│≥Fu），一年内安徽中西部地区的地震活动性增强；反之，则安徽中西部地区的地震活动性较弱。此方法在地震的中短期预报中有一定的实用意义。     

霍山"震情窗"地区流动地磁S异常与华东中强地震相关性的研究

以霍山“震情窗”地区流动地磁测线的S值变化,预测霍山“震情窗”相关地区－华东地区中强地震,研究结果表明：“震情窗”地区流动地磁测线的S值异常与距离霍山“震情窗”R＜500km的华东中强地震有明显的相关性。     

河南地磁短周期变化特征

为了研究河南地区地磁短周期变化的特征,１９９６年１０月至１１月在该地区布设了近似南北向的两条临时测线,东测线由河南信阳至汤阴,西测线由河南西峡至山西曲沃,在测线上进行了地磁短周期变化三分量的同步观测,在３ｍｉｎ至２ｈ周期范围内统计计算了各测点各周期成分的地磁垂直转换函数及水平转换函数,通过地磁转换函数的分析,给出了该地区地磁短周期变化空间,周期分布概况。西峡至曲沃测线,除曲沃外垂直分量没有出现反向     

山洞内地磁观测的日交差异现象

在构造磁效应的实验观测中,笔者发现,山洞内测点与地面测点的地磁场总强度日变化存在差异现象。山洞内测点比地面测点的地磁场总强度日变化的幅度小,它们之间日变幅度的差值δf具有随其日变幅度ΔF增加而增加的趋势。实验观测结果表明,北京台地面测点与其山洞内测点的δf=0.45nT,δf/ΔF=0.013;滇西地区下关地面测点与洱源山洞内测点的δf=2.4nT,δf/ΔF=0.042。这两次实验结果的差异可能反映了它们地下介质的电磁性质有所不同。鉴于我国有些地方的地磁观测是在山洞内进行的,在利用这些资料从事地磁分析与震磁前兆探索研究时,应当考虑山洞所带来的影响,以便获得可靠的结果。     

利辛M4．1地震前的流磁异常及其变化

安徽省利辛县张村镇1999－12－30发生M4．1地震，震前数日省流磁测量组在皖北进行了1999年第4期流动地磁测量。运用Sδf方法分析此期流磁资料，可见明显异常。震后，异常恢复。分析认为：Sδf方法在运用流磁资料作短期地震预报方面具有一定实用性。     

2014年云南鲁甸6.5级地震前重力变化特征与3维反演

利用西昌测网2012-2014年6期流动重力观测资料,分析了区域重力场差分动态变化和累积动态变化特征,以及近震源区测点的时序变化曲线,认为鲁甸6.5级地震前2年并没有出现明显的趋势性累积异常,而可能的前兆信号与断层滑动面两侧的测点2014-03-2014-06时段的重力点值差异性变化相关.针对此异常采用等效源模型反演至震源深度范围内的密度值变化在10-5g/cm3量级,推测该质量源在短期内的变化可能与地壳内部介质孔隙流体的充填或运移相关,在短期构造运动等动力条件下,孕震区可能由于流体物质运移、充填并诱发断层滑动,导致地震的发生.     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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