辽东地区砂金矿控矿因素的初步研究

论述了辽东地区砂金矿控矿因素,揭示了砂金矿矿规律,并指出了在具备物源,气候,水动力,地貌,等条件下,形成一个有工业意义的砂金矿床,对其含金层必须要有一定适宜的封存条件。     

多年冻土区铁路通风路基室内模型试验的温度场特征

根据多年冻土区铁路通风结构路基室内模型试验的研究, 分析了模型路基典型部位的温度随时间的变化情况, 及整个路基3个典型断面在冻结期结束和融化期结束时的温度场特征. 结果表明: 路基底部温度变化与气温变化趋势不一致; 路基上部温度变化与气温变化趋势一致, 但存在滞后现象; 沿着风向方向, 在冻结期, 路基温度分布比较对称, 但在融化期, 就形成不对称分布; 除了在通风管中部上方小部分有明显不同外,通过通风管中心轴断面的温度场特征与两通风管间断面的温度场分布特征在同一时刻是相似的.     

Experimental Study on Gold Dissolution from Hosting Minerals of the Hadamengou Gold Deposit and the Implications

The Hadamengou gold deposit is located in western part of the northern margin of the North China craton. It is a hydrothermal deposit related to alkaline magmatism. Dissolution of Au, Fe from pyrite and iron oxide （including magnetite and hematite） individual minerals in the three main types of ore shows： in iron oxides （magnetite and hematite）, Au and Fe were dissolved simultaneously and their solubilities are positively correlated, which means Au is mainly chemical-bonded （lattice gold） and/or colloidal-adsorbed in iron oxides; while in pyrite, on the contrary, Au dissolution obviously lags behind Fe and the solubility of Au shows negative relationship with that of Fe, which indicates Au is mainly hosted as grains of elemental gold （or native gold） within pyrite. Previous studies revealed that the Hadamengou gold deposit is characterized by intensive K-feldspathization and holds high content of iron oxides occasionally replaced by sulfides, which was caused by oxidizing K-enriched alkaline fluids under a stretching geodynamic setting. These geological features, together with the high Au-content in iron oxides, comparable with that of the Olympic Dam deposit in South Australia, suggest that this deposit is the first example of iron oxide-type gold deposits in China.     

流体混合作用导致金沉淀机理的实验研究

为了研究流体混合作用导致金沉淀的两种主要机理, 通过简化实验体系、分离影响因素, 分别设计了降温、盐度变化导致金沉淀的模拟实验.研究表明:(1)随温度降低溶液的金溶解度也随之降低, 二者之间呈现一种复杂的函数关系; 在300 ℃左右的温度段, 是金沉淀的一个很有地质意义的温度区间;(2)含金流体盐度的降低, 引起流体中金的配位基浓度降低, 导致金沉淀;(3)岩石中发生碱交代有利于金定位富集      

多年冻土地区主动冷却地基方法研究

基于已有的或正在进行的研究结果, 提出为应对高温冻土和全球变暖的严峻挑战, 必须改变沿用的消极被动保护冻土的措施, 采用积极主动的保护冻土措施, 即冷却地基的办法, 以确保工程的稳定. 分别从通风管、抛石护坡与碎块石互层通风、热棒(桩)、遮阳棚、热半导体保温材料和人工冻结技术在多年冻土保护中的应用等方面对这些措施的可行性进行了论证, 可以看出, 作为主动的地温调控技术, 这几种措施在不同的范围内均有效果, 都可以有效地抬升多年冻土上限, 保护冻土路基稳定性. 因此, 主动的地温调控技术作为保护冻土路基的措施是一条可行的方法, 可以不同程度的在寒区工程建设中使用.     

广西贵港六梅金矿地球化学研究

广西贵港六梅金矿床位于贵港市龙山矿田福六岭金矿区,为微细浸染型金矿床。矿床中主要矿石矿物为毒砂和黄铁矿。通过载金矿物毒砂和黄铁矿含金性、金浸出提取、晶体结构测定等方法,查明矿床的金存在形式。浸出率试验中平衡计算表明,载金矿物毒砂中的晶格金形式约占25%,超显微包体形式金约为75%。矿床流体包裹体测温和稀土元素地球化学研究表明,六梅金矿床为中-低温热液型矿床,成矿物质来源与地层有关。     

A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Gold Deposits in China

Gold is one of the most important mineral resources in China with its rich mineral resources. In recent years,significant progress has been made on the process of gold resource exploration. Some large and giant gold deposits were newly found and some important expansions in the main mining regions were also been completed. Studies on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits in China also have made achievements with a long–term work. This review aims to conclude the achievements of research on gold metallogenic regularity in China. Based on the data of about 2000 gold deposits and other ore(mineralized) occurrences,gold deposits in China were classified into five prediction types: gold deposits genetically related to granite–greenstone formation,gold deposits related to sedimentary formation(including the Carlin type and the metamorphosed clastic rock related vein gold deposit),gold deposits genetically related to volcanic rocks(including the continental and marine types),gold deposits genetically related to intrusions(including the porphyry type and the inner intrusion and contact zone related gold deposit),gold deposits of supergenesis(including fracture zone–altered rock gold deposit,placer gold deposit,gossan type gold deposit and soil type gold deposit). Statistics on precise chronology data of gold deposits indicate that there occurred 5 main periods of gold–mineralization in geological history of China. They were Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic,Meso–Neoproterozoic,Paleozoic,Mesozoic,and Cenozoic. Gold deposits in China mainly formed in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. On the studies of the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics of gold deposits,53 gold–forming belts were delineated in China. The metallogenic regularity of gold deposits was preliminarily summarized and 71 gold metallogenic series were proposed in China. This suggests that it is necceary to deepen the study on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits and to provide the theory guide for the ore–prospecting for gold resources in China.     

多年冻土地区水泥稳定砂砾抗冻融耐久性模拟试验

通过控制试件湿度,模拟基层实际使用中的最不利湿度状况下的冻融循环试验,分析了冻融循环次数和试件湿度状况对混合料耐冻系数的影响.结果表明,耐冻系数随冻融循环次数的增加而不断减小,湿度对抗冻融耐久性评价结果有明显影响.多年冻土地区水泥稳定砂砾的抗冻融耐久性评价不宜直接采用水泥混凝土的饱水冻融试验方法,采用模拟基层的最不利湿度状况的冻融试验,以10次冻融循环时弯拉强度损失表示的耐冻系数作为指标,评价结果稳定,更符合实际使用情况.     

大小兴安岭多年冻土退化及其趋势初步评估

大小兴安岭多年冻土处于欧亚大陆多年冻土带南缘,地温高、厚度小、热稳定性差、对气候变暖的敏感性强.过去40 a来该区多年冻土退化主要表现为最大季节融化深度增大,厚度减薄,地温升高,融区扩大,多年冻土岛消失等.气候变暖及该区森林植被的锐减是导致多年冻土退化的普遍性和基础性因素,而多种人为活动影响起了加速促进作用.依据多年冻土南界与多年平均气温的密切相关关系,据1991—2000年平均气温-1.0~1.0℃等值线给出了现今多年冻土南界位置,并探讨了未来40~50 a后气温升高1.0~1.5℃情况下多年冻土南界的可能北移情况.     

青藏高原多年冻土区沥青路面下融化盘形成变化特征

在青藏高原多年冻土区，沥青路面的辅设改变了地表与大气之间的热交换关系，尤其是路面水分蒸发量大量减少，致使路面突然升高，多年冻土层内能量积蓄增多，地温升高，上奶宵年下降。最终在路基下多年冻土顶板上形成融化夹层，并随时间延长，多年冻土顶板下降，融化夹层逐年扩大，多年冻土地下冰融化，路面破坏，严重影响道路运营。