从大地构造观点看世界大洋大陆坡的油气远景

近年来发现的烃类巨大聚集几乎无一例外地均在大陆边缘的深水部分,这些发现使个别地区的石油和天然气储量增加几倍;因此,许多研究人员预测：在大于800m的深处尚有未被发现的油气资源超过90%,这些地方就是大陆坡和陆隆。据《OilandGasJournal》98卷28期32页文章预测,在世界大洋大陆坡范围内的油气资源的分布状况是：西非占32％;墨西哥湾占27％;西北欧占8％;亚洲和太平洋占7％;其他水域占4％。     

深水盆地大陆坡含油气性的地球动力学

发现了与世界海洋被动边缘陆坡盆地有关的、新的具油气前景的目标。在与这些深水盆地有关的巨大烃类资源中,石油聚集起着重要作用。这些盆地具有相同的形成机制。它们在大陆裂谷系统的组分中开始了自、身的演化,并在超级大陆分裂和海底张开之后转变为被动边缘。盆地演化的差别表现为分裂和扩张的时间不同,     

21世界俄罗斯北极海陆架区的含油气性

据预测,80％以上的俄罗斯大陆架油气资源都集中在北极海区,而海洋地质部门向俄罗斯联邦提供经济安全保证最现实的任务就是为工业开发陆架区准备油气资源。俄罗斯北极海陆架区的地质研究史还不到半个世纪,只是在上世纪50～60年代,北极地质科学研究所的研究人员开始采集并研究底质样品,并走向海区,进行了第1批航空和冰上地球物理测量工作。在这些信息的基础上,再加上北极地质科学研究所石油工作者集体积累的对北极海沿岸和海岛区的地质知识,     

南黄海构造样式的特征及含油气性

南黄海不同构造层内发育各具特色及多类型的构造样式，主要表现有压缩，伸展和反转构造样式，分别对应基底卷入型的压性断块和冲断构造，挤压背斜构造，潜山构造，穹隆构造，张性断块构造以及断层扩展反转褶皱构造，盖层滑脱型褶皱反转构造，单条冲断系负反转构造等，认为这些构造样式是地壳挤压，伸展和走滑联合作用的结果，并探讨与油气赋存的规律。     

黑海深海盆的含油气性

地质学家А.С.Горшков,АБМейснер和ДАТуголесов认为．充填了数公里厚的新生代沉积层的构造复杂的黑海盆地是一个巨大的含油气盆地．     

俄罗斯里海深部构造和含油气性

1957-2004年间俄罗斯科学院海洋研究所在亚速海、黑海和里海完成的地震测深-折射波法（гC3-мпB）海洋地震研究工作提供了大量有关其深部构造的信息。在离震源不同距离记录到的震波场的分析使我们查明了来自地幔顶部、结晶基底和沉积盖层内部主要岩层的折射波和广角反射波。     

新构造运动对巴伦支海盆地南部含油气性的影响

毫无疑问,新构造运动对油气矿藏的分布特征,主要是对其保存性具有一定的影响。但是这种影响对解决预报任务是否很大呢？本文作者利用提曼－伯绍拉板块已知矿藏的新构造运动等级参数作为准则,预测巴伦支海盆地南部油气分布的试验可以作为对这个问题的回答。因为所研究的海盆是提曼—伯绍拉板块向北的直接延续。此外,在该区发现了一系列油气矿藏,可以作为核查所提出的预测的标准。对巴伦支海盆地南部来说,其特点是含石油和凝析气矿藏,它们主要分布在石炭—二叠系地层中。在所研究地区已知有下列油田：位于科尔古耶夫岛东端三叠系沉积层…     

海区含油气性远景的地质——地球化学研究内容

可靠地运用于大陆研究工作实践的、理论上制定的有关含油气盆地的学说,在应用于海区时经常缺少对海底地质构造及内部地球化学机制特征应有的评估。根据我们的观点,在分析海底可能的含油气性时,具有原则性意义,该区沉积物实质性的特征是：沉积盖层的地貌构造和内部结构...     

造山带大陆斜坡沉积类型

造山带大陆斜坡可以划分出有扇与无扇大陆斜坡两种沉积类型。有扇大陆斜坡以近源浊积岩、碎屑流为特色;无扇大陆斜坡以远源浊积岩、等深岩、半远洋沉积为特色。因而大陆斜坡也是一个多种沉积作用活跃的场所。造山带深水沉积绝不是常人认为是单一的复理石、千篇一律的重力流,而是内容十分丰富的沉积作用非常活跃和堆积的场所。     

Continental Drift and World Ocean Level Variations

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The ocean level fluctuations relative to continents are caused by both physical processes related to water volume variations and tectonic processes...     

陆棚环境与大陆斜坡环境的识别标志和研究意义

陆棚环境与大陆斜坡环境在地理位置上接近,因而有许多相同点,但它们在地貌和水深上差异显著,无论在沉积作用、洋流作用还是生物群等方面都存在不同点。对二者的研究不但是基础地质理论研究的需要,也是我国寻找油气资源的战略需要。     

Internal Wave Generation by Tidal Flow over a Continental Shelf Slope

The generation process of internal waves by strong tidal flow over a continental shelf slope is reproduced using a multi-level numerical model. On the basis of the numerical results, the crucial role of the tidal advection effect in the generation process of internal waves is demonstrated. The close relation between the resulting internal waveform and the strength of the tidal advection effect is also examined. The barotropic forcing on the internal wave actually works within a relatively small horizontal scale over the top of the continental shelf slope. When the maximum internal Froude number at the shelf break (Fr_m) is less than about 0.6, the amplitude of the resulting internal wave is almost proportional to F_rm. When F_rm is more than about 0.6, however, the amplitude of the resulting internal wave becomes larger than predicted by linear theory. In particular, when F_rm is more than unity, the time period during which the shoreward propagating internal wave stays in the barotropic forcing region becomes much longer. Consequently, the internal wave is significantly amplified with the horizontal scale approaching that of the barotropic forcing, which concentrates in a relatively small region over the top of the continental shelf slope. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Vertical Structure of Baroclinic Currents over Northern South China Sea Continental Slope

The 28.6 d time series of ADCP currents at 27 depth levels, (11,15,…,115m) which are obtained from a mooring station at the northern South China Sea continental slope, have been decomposed into barotropic and baroclinic components. The emphasis in this paper is on the analysis of the time series of baroclinic currents by means of several methods,such as the tidal harmonic analysis, the power spectra and the kinetic energy estimation.The major results are as follows: (1) In respect of the baroclinic currents, the values of several parameters first decrease and then increase with depth. These parameters include the temporal mean value of the cross-shelf component, the standard deviations, the amplitudes of K1 constituents, the mean eddy kinetic energy, as well as the significant peaks of the power spectra of the cross-shelf components. (2) The diurnal period of the baroclinic currents is dominant. The diumal tidal current rotates clockwise and the major axis of current ellipse is located along the directions of NW-SE. The vertical distribution of the phases of the diurnal constituent varies with the different water layers. Around the 67m depth level, the phase changes very much.At those layers far away from the 67m depth level, the vertical distribution of the phase is relatively stable, but with opposite phases in the upper and lower water layers. For the upper layers between the surface and 67m,the phases are around 300°; for the lower layers between 67m and 115m, the phases are around 120° .(3) The mean eddy kinetic energy of the baroclinic current is quite large, accounting for 41% of the mean kinetic energy of the measured currents. The cross-shelf component is larger than the along-shelf one. The two baroclinic current components correspond to the major and minor axes of the current ellipse of the diurnal constituent respectively. (4) The power spectra of the baroclinic currents show a singnificant period of about 24h, with 23.6h at both 19m and 99m and 24.4h at 55m. The vertical distributions of the significant spectra-peak values of the power spectra of both the crossshelf and along-shelf components of both the baroclinic currents are different. The former increases with depth, then decreases and finally increases again while the latter decreases with depth.     

Temporal Variations of Benthic Bacterial Microflora on the Northwestern Mediterranean Continental Shelf and Slope

Abstract. Bacterial (direct and heterotrophic counts, heterotrophic potentials) and organic matter (org C, org N) parameters were studied over 2 years in the surface sediments of 3 stations located on the continental shelf (station A: 15m; station B: 35m) and slope (station C: 910m) in the northwestern Mediterranean Basin.
Although logistic constraints did not allow a satisfactory sampling periodicity in the offshore survey, some seasonal trends were still observable at the deepest station. Variations were quantitatively more important in the two shallow sediments (from 3×10² heterotrophic bacteria – ml^-1 in December 1984 to 10⁷ heterotrophic bacteria-ml^-1 in March 1986). Epifluorcsccncc direct counts were relatively constant (5×10⁸ cells-ml^-1), while heterotrophic potentials (with ¹⁴C labelled glucose and glutamic acid) showed a succession of very short pulses over the year. Different concentrations of organic matter (from 0.2% orgC at 15m to 0.8% orgC at 35m) appeared to sustain very similar bacterial numbers. Nevertheless, a certain relation between the seasonal evolution of bacterial and organic matter parameters was discernable. Although depth apparently had no measurable effect on maximal spring bacterial densities, it seemed to lessen the summer and winter decreases in the two shallow stations.