煤系硬质高岭土深加工与应用研究

对煤系硬质高岭土采用化学漂白，煅烧，超细磨等深加工技术获得超细煅烧高岭土产品，并成功地应用于造纸涂料的涂布纸生产，为煤系高岭土的大规模开发利用开辟了新的途径。     

高岭土深加工产品开发

当前世界上煅烧高岭土产品已瞄准高档化、专用化、精细化和功能化，深加工系列产品已应用于高档汽车、船舶、乳胶、颜料、化工、造纸、涂料等方面。内蒙古自治区有丰富的高岭土资源，我们应依托优势资源，尽快掌握高新技术，开发高岭土系列产品，争取在较短的时间内在国内外激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地，为自治区的经济繁荣起到积极的推动作用。     

高岭土的深加工及开发应用现状简介

本文简单介绍了高岭土矿深加工及开发应用现状。全文分四部分。１．深加工现状：介绍了精细提纯、微细加工和改性,２．开发现状：介绍了国内外开展现状,３．新技术和新方法：介绍了部分新技术和新方法,４．建议：提出了一些开发意见。     

全国储量最大高岭土矿开发

全国探明储量最大的高岭土矿开发项目近日在广西北海市合浦县动工。项目总投资5．5亿元，首期计划2007年9月建成，生产用于造纸、陶瓷和橡胶填料的高岭土深加工产品。     

煅烧高岭土的开发与应用

本文主要介绍了高岭土煅烧反应机理和煅烧过程中高岭土的结构变化以及煅烧高岭土在电缆、造纸、涂料、耐火材料及化学工业等领域的实际应用。     

煅烧高岭土的开发与应用

本文主要介绍了高岭土煅烧反应机理和为煅烧过程中高岭土的结构变化以及煅烧高岭土在电缆、造纸、涂料、耐火材料及化学工业等领域的实际应用。     

宜昌煤系煅烧高岭土表面改性及其在电缆胶料中的应用

利用硅烷/脂肪酸复配偶联剂对煤系煅烧高岭土进行表面改性实验,通过红外光谱分析和活化率测定表明,硅烷偶联剂接枝到煅烧高岭土表面,改性的煅烧高岭土由亲水性变为亲油性;实验中探讨了煅烧高岭土的粒度和填充量对电缆胶料物理机械性能的影响.表面改性的煅烧高岭土用于电缆胶料,能明显提高其物理机械性能,各项指标达到或超过有关技术标准.     

煤系煅烧高岭土吸油值的影响因素

涂布造纸填料用煅烧高岭土要求有较高的吸油值.本文针对市场上高吸油值煅烧高岭土资源短缺的现状,研究煅烧高岭土吸油值的影响因素,寻求提高煅烧高岭土吸油值的方法.实验以唐山煤系高岭土为原料,在600～1000℃范围内间隔50℃取点,分别煅烧3h.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察煅烧高岭土的形貌并鉴定其物相.计算煅烧高岭土的烧失量,并检测其pH值、比表面积、Zeta电位等参数,分析它们对煅烧高岭土的吸油值的影响.结果表明:750℃煅烧的高岭土吸油值最高,可达76.3 g/100 g;煅烧高岭土的Zeta电位、pH值、比表面积等对其吸油值的影响均较为显著,其中比表面积对吸油值的影响最大.     

河道沉积物粒度沿程变化特征及其影响因素

河流系统是研究构造、气候和生态系统的重要载体，也是地貌学的重要研究内容之一。河流系统中河道沉积物运移深刻影响着地貌演化的进程，而沉积物粒度的沿程变化特征与趋势则可以揭示有关泥沙动力学的重要信息。目前，关于河道沉积物粒度存在沿程变化现象已有大量研究，但河道沉积物粒度沿程变化的具体机制尚存争议。此外，河道沉积物粒度沿程变化的主要控制因素及其对河床演变的影响也尚未明确。本文总结了全球河流河道沉积物粒度沿程变化及其不确定因素的分布状况，并调查了磨蚀、水力选择性搬运及综合作用对沉积物粒度沿程细化的影响。结果表明，在沿程细化机制研究中，磨蚀作用过程的探析相对较少。磨蚀由研究区岩性决定，并且非耐磨性岩性颗粒会产生强烈的质量损耗。虽然磨蚀对河道沉积物沿程细化的影响有限，但在河道上游以劈裂和切削方式引起的磨蚀过程不能忽视。相较于磨蚀，水力选择性搬运或分选过程受到广泛关注，说明水力分选在自然界河流沉积物粒度沿程细化过程中发挥着重要作用。此外，也有部分研究探讨了河道沉积物粒度沿程变化的综合影响因素，并且发现由于有些因素干扰河床沉积物在沿程方向也会存在粗化现象。粗化一般发生在山区坡度较陡、河流源头崩积河段，而引起粗化的因素主要有支流的汇入、沉积物横向输入、高能泥石流以及冰川作用补给、人为河道改造和大坝修建等。现有的研究表明河道沉积物粒度沿程变化是一个复杂的过程，其变化特征受多时空因素的影响，河道沉积物粒度沿程变化特征及其与外界因素的关系有待进一步研究。因此，在后续的工作中，仍需要利用大量室内室外调查和分析，揭示不同时空尺度河道沉积物侵蚀搬运过程，深化对河流地貌演化及其驱动机制方面的研究。     

砟子煤矿区硬质高岭(土)岩生产高白度煅烧高岭土工艺研究

吉林省地质矿信息中心与白山市八道江区煤管局合作,对山地区石炭、二叠系煤系地层中的硬质高岭（土）岩进行了实验室加工试验,得出了影响砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩煅烧高岭土白度的六大因素,指出了煅烧工艺对砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩的关键所在,但各因素之间又是相关连,相互渗透的,对下一步建厂生产指明了方向,清楚地论述了应用砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩的煅烧加工过程,获得超细双９０型造纸涂料级产品的把握所在,双９０型产品指的是：粒度－２μｍ〉９０％,白度（ＧＥ高度）〉９０度。     

龙岩高岭土矿物学特征及插层复合物的制备

通过化学成分分析、岩矿鉴定、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱和差热一热重曲线观察和分析测试,对龙岩高岭土的矿物学特征进行了研究.结果表明,龙岩高岭土矿物组成简单,主要由高岭石组成,有害成分铁和钛含量很低,自然白度83%～92%,质量好,但高岭石结晶程度不高,Hinckley指数0.42,属较无序高岭石.在此基础上,用醋酸...     

Search condition of purification materials and their proper processing for the rapid infiltration method

The purpose of this study is to do an experiment in finding conditions of search purification materials and the way of their proper processing for the rapid infiltration method. It seems that this result makes an index of further selection of a purification material. This experiment is to conduct sorption tests of fulvic acid and phosphoric acid regarding Kanuma-soil （volcanic ash soil） with iron oxide and aluminum oxide, to fred relationship between sorption coefficients and heating temperature, concentrations of iron and aluminum. The sorption experiment on heated and unheated materials was conducted at 25℃ in a dark place at the solid to liquid ratio of 1 ： 2.5. The liquid is simulated river water. According to the result of the study, a deference was found of the best heating temperature between sorption coefficients of fulvic acid and phosphoric acid. The peak of a sorption coefficient of fulvic acid is 800℃, however the peak of a sorption coefficient of phosphoric acid is 400℃. In the case of fulvic acid, it is high sorption coefficients when Kanuma-soil with aluminum oxide is unheated and heated as 400℃. However, sorption coefficients when Kanuma-soil with iron oxide is not conspicuously different when heated, and coefficients are descended gradually more than 600℃. Sorption coefficients of unheated Kanuma-soil are descended when adding iron oxide. When heating temperature is higher, pH of water is higher. High pH causes to descend sorption coefficient, however it is remarkable result that sorption coefficient is ascended at 800℃. In the case of phosphoric acid, it is high sorption coefficient when Kanuma-soil is heated at 400℃, and Kanuma-soil with aluminum oxide is heated between 200℃ and 400℃. Sorption coefficients of Kanuma-soil with iron oxide are the highest when unheated, but sorption coefficients of Kanuma-soil with iron oxide are the highest when heated.     

Desorption of zinc by kaolin from Suzhou, China

Heavy metals in soils may adversely affect environmental quality. This paper studied the influence of copper concentration, pH, temperature, and the ratio of solid to solution on the desorption of Zn in kaolin from Suzhou, China in a background solution of 0.01M CaC12 by batch extraction experiments. At 0, 5, 50, 100 mg/L Cu concentrations, for each 0.5, increase in pH between about 1.80 and 3.04 percent desorption decreasing by 3.80%, 13.87%, 9.97%, and 7.65%, respectively. The pH 50 （ pH at 50% Zn desorption） was found to follow the sequence of Cu （5mg/L, pH 50=2.60）.     

聚丙烯纤维加筋对高岭土固结压缩特性影响试验研究

工程中为了改良压实黏土的强度和抗干裂性能,将分散的聚丙烯纤维均匀掺入土体中制成纤维加筋土。利用聚丙烯纤维与高岭土在室内人工拌和并压制成纤维加筋土样,基于一维固结试验研究了控制干密度条件下纤维加筋掺量与长度对加筋高岭土固结、压缩特性的影响规律。研究结果表明,在控制干密度和纤维长度条件下,随着纤维掺量的增加,加筋土的固结系数和压缩模量均先增大后减小;掺量为0.2%时固结系数最大,掺量为0.1%～0.15%时压缩模量最大;在控制干密度和纤维掺量条件下,随着纤维长度的增加,加筋土的固结系数先减小后增大,纤维长度为10 mm时固结系数最小;当固结压力较高（≥400 kPa）时,加筋土的压缩模量随纤维长度增大而减小。此外,加筋土的压缩指数总体上随纤维掺量和纤维长度的增大而增大,但纤维掺量为0.15%～0.20%以及纤维长度为10 mm时压缩指数有一极小值。     

Synthesis and characterization of zeolite X obtained from kaolin for adsorption of Zn（Ⅱ）

This study deals with the synthesis and characterization of low-silica zeolite X, from calcined Kalabsha kaolin, for adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution. The synthesis processes is performed under hydrothermal treatment in alkaline solutions. The obtained zeolite samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction, grain size distribution, surface area, and SEM. The critical molar ratios of both SiO2/Al2O3 and K2O/Na2O are about 2.9 and 0.16, respectively. Those ratios are needed to give individual low silica zeolite X in a minimum reaction time. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized products is determined by adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ) ions from solution. The results suggest that the zeolite obtained could be converted to a beneficial product, which will be used in future as an ion exchanger in removing heavy metals from wastewaters.