三个计算机软件系统通过鉴定《速度谱资料整理》和《生成地震等时平面图》专家系统

由江苏煤田物测队和南京大学合作开发的这两个专家系统具有以下特点:《速度谱资料整理》系统具有速度谱资料分析、解释知识,采用了类似黑板结构的知识源和调度源协调工作的推理策略,解决了能量团智能选择的难点,解决了解题过程零散的问题,使推理求解方便易行,易于查     

煤田测井地质解释(CLGI)专家系统

CLGI系统是基于煤田测井数据边推理、边解释的解释型专家系统。该系统是按煤田测井特点设计的,采用接触面识别法自动划分钻井地质剖面,确定煤、岩层厚度。应用专家系统技术模拟测井解释者的思维活动,整理和归纳测井领域专家的知识,采用规则和静态知识表的知识表示方法,采用以可能性理论为基础的模糊推理,最终判定岩石类型、标志层及地层时代。CLGI系统集数据处理、接触面识别、岩性解释、人机联作和图表输出为一体,力求结构化、实用化,便于修改、扩充和移植。CLGI系统已试解释了晋东南沁水煤田潘庄井田30个钻孔的测井资料,应用效果表明,该系统具有一定的解释能力和较好的解释精度。     

测井解释专家系统

介绍了专家系统的结构、知识的表示及其在测井解释工作中的地位与作用,并以国内外用于煤田或油田的专家系统为例,简要说明了应用情况。      

复杂构造二维地震精细速度分析与应用

山西省山阴北周—怀仁鹅毛口页岩气煤层气二维地震勘查区,位于大同新生代断陷盆地的北部,断裂构造复杂。勘查区仅有2个钻孔可用于资料分析与研究,可借鉴的地质成果十分有限。在资料处理过程中运用各向异性速度分析处理获得速度谱信息,结合已有测井速度资料对地震速度进行校正与标定,获得高精度的速度场,保证了构造解释及构造成图精度。经后期钻探验证,目的层位及深度预测精度较高,地质勘探效果明显,二维地震资料精细速度分析结合井控速度约束,应用效果良好。     

基于模型约束的速度谱自动解释策略与方法

针对目前的速度谱解释是采用手工交互的方式,耗时费力,提出了一种基于叠加速度谱的自动叠加速度拾取策略与方法。首先是由CMP道集计算叠加速度谱,然后根据实际情况选择叠加速度模型函数,并通过拟合的方法,由速度谱确定出叠加速度模型函数中的系数,从而获得全部CMP点上的叠加速度模型函数,进而构建出初始速度模型。根据初始速度模型中速度分布,选择合适的种子点,并在种子点上进行人工拾取,再由拾取点插值形成种子点上的速度函数。最后在种子点上的速度函数约束下对速度谱进行自动解释拾取,从而实现速度谱快速、高效地自动拾取。     

遥感水文地质回顾与展望

在搜索整理分析近年遥感水文地质资料的基础上,从图像解释、水文地质评价与填图、热红外影像、地下水水质、地下水水流系统、地下水补给与管理、遥感水文地质与专家系统。ＧＩＳ以及数值模拟的结合等方面叙述了该领域近期发展的几个主要方向,对它的发展趋势也作了粗浅的探讨。     

《地震相分析》讲座(五)

五、利用速度资料进行岩性预测根据各地层单元中的岩性分布规律帮助开展沉积相解释是地下相分析中的一种十分有效的基本方法。尤其是当地震反射构造和外形等标志不发育、钻井又少,从而难以识别出沉积体的性质和分布特征时,这一方法就更显得重要。几十年来,地球物理学家对利用地震资料预测岩性方面开展了深入研究,现已形成“地震岩性学”这样一门分支学科。地震岩性预测的方法很多,从开展区域性的地震相研究而言,最有用的方法是利用速度谱资料通过求取地层速度而进行岩性或岩地比预测。速度谱资料与地震剖面一样分布广泛,易于     

煤田地震勘探资料时间深度转换的速度标定方法及应用

在煤田地震勘探资料解释工作中,T(时)-Z(深)转换的速度参数向来很受重视。但通常只采用速度谱或地震测井资料获取速度参数,本文介绍一种用钻探深度和地震反射波进行速度标定,然后根据速度变化规律制作层间速度分布图的方法,并介绍该方法在淮南煤田刘庄勘探区的实际应用情况。     

瞬变电磁法(TEM)和激发极化法在金矿勘探中的应用

本文简述了脉冲瞬变电磁法(TEM)和激发极化法在贵州×××金矿勘探中的综合应用。介绍了TEM瞬变电磁法、激发极化法原理、工作仪器及工作中所采用参数及资料整理中所有分析解释软件,选择了黄泥堡金矿10线TEM剖面、激电剖面作为实例进行异常解释推断并结合电测深及钻孔资料对异常进行了验证。     

"坑道透视专家系统"的建立与应用

介绍了“坑道透视专家系统”的内容和应用实例，说明拉用该系统能够发挥专家特长，有效地进行坑道透视数据处理和探测资料解释工作，指导煤发生产。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861