一种高精度轻小型航空遥感系统的集成与应用

高精度轻小型航空遥感系统是一种灵活高效的遥感数据获取手段。本文将高精度大负载惯性稳定平台、高精度位置姿态测量系统、高精度组合宽角数字航测相机和动力伞集成为一种轻小型航空遥感系统,并进行了大比例尺遥感测绘和大型露天矿遥感监测应用航拍试验。经过对采集到的数据进行处理和分析,试验结果满足规范要求。     

高精度轻小型航空遥感集成系统室外检校场建设方案研究

本文分析了室外检校场在高精度轻小型航空遥感集成系统中的作用,根据系统不同集成方式的检校内容和要求,设计了检校场建设的方案。试验证明该检校场能够满足多种集成方式的轻小型航空遥感系统各项参数的检校验证要求。     

花香果硕 生机勃勃——“科技兴测”战略推进测绘现代化发展

刚刚过去的2009年．我国测绘科技工作捷报频传：落实了高精度轻小型航空遥感系统核心技术及产品等3个国家“863”计划重点项目;国家级遥感测图业务平台研制及重大工程应用、国家系列比例尺地形图保密处理技术及导航领域应用两个项目分获国家科技进步二等奖和发明二等奖.     

我国航空遥感技术装备取得巨大进步

现代航空遥感已成为对地观测系统的重要组成部分．在灾害应急响应监测、高精度地表测量．矿产资源探测等领域发挥着无可替代的作用。在863计划等国家科技计划的支持下,我国坚持自主创新,在高精度轻小型航空遥感、无人机遥感、高效能航空SAR遥感等领域自主研发了先进、实用的可见光、红外、激光、合成孔径雷达等航空遥感传感器,打破了国外的技术垄断和技术壁垒．     

无地面控制高精度POS大比例尺测图精度验证

POS直接地理参考进行无控制、大比例尺测图可行性和能力一直被广泛关注。本文以863计划项目高精度轻小型航空遥感系统为平台,以其提供的高精度POS和宽角数码影像开展精度实验,提出了一种多层次组合精度验证方法,从POS输出与空三外方位的相关性、POS直接地理参考外方位与空三外方位比对精度、POS直接地理参考多片空间前方交会精度和直接立体测图精度等四个方面对POS无控制直接地理参考大比例尺测图的可行性和能力进行了验证,在JX-4数字摄影测量工作站下测得河南省平顶山市新华区的16幅1：500地形图,结合RTK实地测量检测验证测图精度。实验结果表明,高精度轻小型航空遥感系统POS直接地理参考可以满足无控制1：500大比例尺地形图测绘精度。     

轻小型航空遥感系统空对地检校试验分析

对高精度轻小型航空遥感空对地检校试验进行分析.在已有检校场基站及控制点、检查点布设方案的基础上,结合项目实际需要,提出满足项目需求的检校场布设方案.通过检校场空三及检校参数计算结果,评价检校场布设的合理性,并以国外成熟的POS AV610直接地理定位精度为参照,评价国产POS直接地理定位精度及可行性.     

花香果硕生机勃勃——"科技兴测"战略推进测绘现代化发展

刚刚过去的2009年,我国测绘科技工作捷报频传:落实了高精度轻小型航空遥感系统核心技术及产品等3个国家"863"计划重点项目;国家级遥感测图业务平台研制及重大工程应用、国家系列比例尺地形图保密处理技术及导航领域应用两个项目分获国家科技进步二等奖和发明二等奖;组织实施了困难地区测图关键技术、机载干涉SAR测图系统等一批测绘科技专项,为重大测绘工程实施提供了技术支撑;国产无人飞行器航测遥感系统系列项目通过鉴定并推广应用,丰富了实时化地理信息数据获取手段;科技部批准成立国家测绘工程技术研究中心;发布22项国家标准、8项行业标准和一大批地方标准,1项标准获得国家标准创新贡献一等奖……     

轻小型航空遥感系统集成检校试验与分析

本文对高精度轻小型航空遥感系统地对地检校场试验进行了分析,详细介绍集成系统检校原理,简要给出外业实验情况以及内业数据处理的过程,重点给出利用POS获取姿态转换得到的影像外方位元素即直接地理定位、单片后交方法获取外方位元素以及直接利用控制点绝对定向,均匀采集检校场外业检查点,进行精度验证的比较结果.最终实现塔吊模拟飞行条件下高精度的直接地理定位.     

轻小型航空遥感系统集成检校试验与分析

本文对高精度轻小型航空遥感系统地对地检校场试验进行了分析,详细介绍集成系统检校原理,简要给出外业实验情况以及内业数据处理的过程,重点给出利用POS获取姿态转换得到的影像外方位元素即直接地理定位、单片后交方法获取外方位元素以及直接利用控制点绝对定向,均匀采集检校场外业检查点,进行精度验证的比较结果。最终实现塔吊模拟飞行条件下高精度的直接地理定位。     

MEMS POS系统在海岛礁测图中的精度验证

针对我国海岛礁精确基础地理信息空白的现状,开展了基于轻小型无人机微机电(MEMS)POS辅助航空摄影测量系统的集成、安装、测试及南海某岛礁1∶2 000高精度测图精度验证实验,结果表明使用轻小型无人机MEMS POS辅助航空摄影测量系统无控制时难以达到高精度测图的精度要求,在加入少量控制点时,可以明显地提高测图精度。在此基础上给出基于轻小型无人机MEMS POS辅助航空摄影测量技术在远海岛礁高精度测图中的合理性建议。     

高光谱矿物填图技术与应用研究

回顾和总结了"九五"以来,中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心在高光谱矿物识别和矿物填图领域所取得的成果,包括主要岩矿光谱特征与影响因素分析;矿物的种类识别、丰度反演和成分识别;中—热红外多/高光谱的数据处理和矿物识别;高光谱矿物识别的地质应用模式、矿物填图的工作方法和技术流程、矿物填图的技术体系;矿物填图在区域地质找矿、矿区勘查和成矿与找矿模型、植物地球化学探测、矿山环境监测以及月球和行星探测等方面的应用示范。最后,提出了高光谱矿物填图近期的研究方向。     

我国省级空间数据库的一种构建方案(英文)

In order to provide a provincial spatial database, this paper presents a scheme for spatial database construction to meet the needs of China. The objective and overall technical route of spatial database construction are described. The logical and physical database models are designed. Key issues are addressed, such as integration of multi-scale heterogeneous spatial databases, spatial data version management based on metadata and integrative management of map cartography and spatial database. Supported by the 863 High Technology Program of China (No. 2007AA12Z214), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40601083) and the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China ( No. 2004CB318206).     

中国区域DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像的校正

美国国防军事气象卫星（DMSP）搭载的线性扫描系统（OLS）获取的夜间灯光影像具有很强的光电放大能力,存储量小,可直观反映人类活动,被广泛应用于城镇化监测、社会经济因素估算等方面。但是获取这些数据集的各传感器均未经过星上定标,存在像元饱和问题,并且传感器获得的1992—2013年的各数据之间缺乏可比性、连续性,无法直接用于长时间序列的研究,因此需要对长时间序列的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像进行校正处理。校正内容包括中国区域各灯光影像间的相互校正、饱和校正、年内融合、年际间校正等;并对校正后的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像进行合理性检验,检验结果表明该校正方法是可行的。     

高光谱影像特征选择的快速克隆选择算法(英文)

Clonal selection feature selection algorithm (CSFS) based on clonal selection algorithm (CSA), a new computational intelligence approach, has been proposed to perform the task of dimensionality reduction in high-dimensional images, and has better performance than traditional feature selection algorithms with more computational costs. In this paper, a fast clonal selection feature selection algorithm (FCSFS) for hyperspectral imagery is proposed to improve the convergence rate by using Cauchy mutation instea...     

Analytical Photogrammetric Systems from Adam Technology

The features and applications of the low cost analytical plotters manufactured by ADAM Technology are described. The ADAM Technology products (the small format MPS-2 analytical stereoplotter, analytical conversions for Kern PG2 and Wild B8 analogue stereoplotter and the 230mm format Promap modular system) are discussed.     

Estimation of Light Pollution Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques

The primary focus of this research is to estimate light pollution in the urban and suburban regions of Pakistan with the help of satellite remote sensing (SRS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Analog maps and multi-temporal nighttime images of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) onboard Operational Linescan System (OLS) sensor were used in this study. A series of direct and indirect light pollution maps of the study area were generated and analyzed. The results of the study show that in the urban environment, light pollution is mainly due to artificial nightlight sources.     

Exploring improvement of impervious surface estimation at national scale through integration of nighttime light and Proba-V data

Directly mapping impervious surface area (ISA) at national and global scales using nighttime light data is a challenge due to the complexity of land surface components and the impacts of unbalanced economic conditions. Previous research mainly used the coarse spatial resolution Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP OLS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data for ISA mapping; the improved spatial resolution and data quality in the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership, Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite’s Day/Night Band (VIIRS DNB) and in Proba-V data provide a new opportunity to accurately map ISA distribution at the national scale, which has not been explored yet. This research aimed to develop a new index – modified impervious surface index (MISI) – based on VIIRS DNB and Proba-V data to improve ISA estimation and to compare the results with those from the combination of VIIRS DNB and MODIS NDVI data. Landsat data were used to develop ISA data for the typical sites for use as reference data. Regression analysis was used to establish the ISA estimation model in which the dependent variable was from the Landsat data and the independent variable was from the MISI, as well as the previously used Large-scale Impervious Surface Index (LISI). The results indicate that the major error is from the very small or very large proportion of ISA in a unit; improvement of spatial resolution through use of higher spatial resolution nighttime light data (e.g., VIIRS DNB) or NDVI (e.g., Proba-V NDVI) data is an effective approach to improve ISA estimation. Although different indices for the combination of nighttime light and NDVI data have been used, the MISI is especially valuable for reducing the estimation errors for the regions with a small or large ISA proportion.     

Expert Classification Method Based on Patch-Based Neighborhood Searching Algorithm

The expert knowledge has been widely used to improve the remotely sensed classification accuracy. Generally, the ex-pert classification system mainly depends on DEM and some thematic maps. The spatial relationship information in pixel level was commonly introduced into the expert classification. Because the geographic objects were found spatially dependent relationship to a certain degree, the commonly used basic unit of spatial relationship information in pixel greatly limited the efficiency of spatial in-formation. A patch-based neighborhood searching algorithm was proposed to implement the expert classification. The homogene-ous spectral unit, patch, was used as the basic unit in the spatial object granularity, and different types of patches' relationship in-formation were obtained through a spatial neighborhood searching algorithm. And then the neighborhood information and DEM data were added into the expert classification system and used to modify the primitive classification errors. In this case, the classi-fication accuracies of wetland, grassland and cropland were obviously improved. In this work, water was used as base object, and different types of water extraction methods were tested to get a result in a high accuracy.     

Analysis of Lighting Changes in the Tourist City Edogawa Using Nighttime Light Data

When assessing remote sensing data, nighttime light data have shortcomings that can be attributed to sensor limitations and the influence of the natural environment. Signal leakage errors in nighttime light data were identified in this study. A regression model was created to reduce signal leakage error by selecting sampling points in coastal area. Lighting variations in Edogawa between 2008 and 2013 were compared based on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s nighttime light data. The lighting variation characteristics in Edogawa from 1992 to 2012 at 5-year intervals were also analyzed. The results show that the 2002 FIFA World Cup held in Japan led Edogawa’s light digital number values to peak in 2002. The annual Edogawa lighting changes from 2007 to 2013 were also explored. The 2008 global financial crisis led to the lowest compounded night light index and average digital number in Edogawa during these 7 years.     

重叠矩形图像表示及其上的精确Legendre矩计算(英文)

Linear quadtree is a popular image representation method due to its convenient imaging procedure. However, the excessive emphasis on the symmetry of segmentation, i.e. dividing repeatedly a square into four equal sub-squares, makes linear quadtree not an optimal representation. In this paper, a no-loss image representation, referred to as Overlapped Rectangle Image Representation （ORIR）, is presented to support fast image operations such as Legendre moments computation. The ORIR doesn＇t importune the symmetry of segmentation, and it is capable of representing, by using an identical rectangle, the information of the pixels which are not even adjacent to each other in the sense of 4-neighbor and 8-neighbor. Hence, compared with the linear quadtree, the ORIR significantly reduces the number of rectangles required to represent an image. Based on the ORIR, an algorithm for exact Legendre moments computation is presented. The theoretical analysis and the experimental results show that the ORIR-based algorithm for exact Legendre moments computation is faster than the conventional exact algorithms.