Petrology,geochemistry and source characteristics of the Burpala alkaline massif,North Baikal

The Burpala alkaline massif contains rocks with more than 50 minerals rich in Zr,Nb,Ti,Th,Be and rare earth elements(REE).The rocks vary in composition from shonkinite,melanocratic syenite,nepheline and alkali syenites to alaskite and alkali granite and contain up to 10%LILE and HSFE,3.6%of REE and varying amounts of other trace elements(4%Zr,0.5%Y,0.5%Nb,0.5%Th and 0.1%U).Geological and geochemical data suggest that all the rocks in the Burpala massif were derived from alkaline magma enriched in rare earth elements.The extreme products of magma fractionation are REE rich pegmatites,apatite-fiuorite bearing rocks and carbonatites.The Sr and Nd isotope data suggest that the source of primary melt is enriched mantle(EM-Ⅱ).We correlate the massif to mantle plume impact on the active margin of the Siberian continent.     

云南个旧碱性杂岩体的岩石成因及稀土元素富集机制

云南个旧碱性杂岩体由边缘相碱长正长岩和中心相霞石正长岩组成.全岩地球化学分析表明,该碱性杂岩体具有高碱、富钾、富铁、低镁、高分异的碱性-过碱性岩石特征,晚期更富集碱金属元素;LREE/HREE值为20～59,(La/Sm)N = 8～50,(Sm/Yb)N = 1.2～5.0,富集轻稀土元素,轻稀土元素较重稀土元素分馏...     

Composition,sources, and mechanisms of origin of rare-metal granitoids in the Late Paleozoic Eastern Sayan zone of alkaline magmatism: A case study of the Ulaan Tolgoi massif

The Ulaan Tolgoi massif of rare-metal (Ta, Nb, and Zr) granites was formed at approximately 300Ma in the Eastern Sayan zone of rare-metal alkaline magmatism. The massif consists of alkaline salic rocks of various composition (listed in chronologic order of their emplacement): alkaline syenite → alkaline syenite pegmatite → pantellerite → alkaline granite, including ore-bearing alkaline granite, whose Ta and Nb concentrations reach significant values. The evolution of the massif ended with the emplacement of trachybasaltic andesite. The rocks of the massif show systematic enrichment in incompatible elements in the final differentiation products of the alkaline salic magmas. The differentiation processes during the early evolution of the massif occurred in an open system, with influx of melts that contained various proportions of incompatible elements. The magma system was closed during the origin of the ore-bearing granites. Rare-metal granitoids in the Eastern Sayan zone were produced by magmas formed by interaction between mantle melts (which formed the mafic dikes) with crustal material. The mantle melts likely affected the lower parts of the crust and either induced its melting, with later mixing the anatectic and mantle magmas, or assimilated crustal material and generated melts with crustal–mantle characteristics. The origin of the Eastern Sayan zone of rare-metal alkaline magmatism was related to rifting, which was triggered by interaction between the Tarim and Barguzin mantle plumes. The Eastern Sayan zone was formed in the marginal part of the Barguzin magmatic province, and rare-metal magmas in it were likely generated in relation with the activity of the Barguzin plume.     

云南个旧似长石正长岩类及其岩石成因

云南个旧碱性岩体主要的岩石类型有碱性正长岩和似长石正长岩,其中,似长石正长岩中出现大量似长石矿物霞石、方钠石和碱性暗色矿物。本文根据矿物成分及特征,将这些似长石正长岩进一步划分为黑榴霞石方钠正长岩、霞石方钠正长岩、霞石正长岩及方钠霞石正长岩4类。岩石地球化学结果表明,4类岩石的地球化学行为整体表现出过碱质岩的特征,K2O+Na2O含量很高,为钾玄岩系列,同时表现出钾质的特点。分异指数高,呈现高度分异演化特点。稀土元素变化大,轻重稀土元素分异明显,富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素。微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Th、U及Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr大离子亲石元素,而P和高场强元素Ta、Ti亏损,同时Cr、Co、Ni含量非常低,具有中等的负Eu异常和微弱的负Ce异常。研究表明,似长石正长岩在岩浆演化过程中表现出明显的分离结晶作用特征,且岩浆起源温度较高,约为835℃,起源较深。个旧似长石正长岩为A型岩套A1亚型,结合构造判别图解,认为其可能来自角闪石或者金云母相矿物存在的富集地幔,形成于燕山晚期伸展的构造背景,岩浆在较高温度下高度结晶分异,并在侵位过程中伴随陆壳成分的混染。     

西藏查孜地区中新世正长岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及岩石成因

查孜正长岩体是拉萨地块中段新发现的中新世钾质-超钾质侵入岩,岩性主要为中粗粒石英角闪正长岩和斑状石英正长岩,有暗色包体发育.对两种正长岩进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究.结果显示,两种岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为10.37±0.24 Ma、11.06±0.39 Ma,代表它们形成于中新世,是拉萨地块后碰撞岩浆作用的产物.查孜正长岩具有相对高钾（K₂O=6.75%~7.39%）、低镁（MgO=1.44%~2.97%）的特征,K₂O/Na₂O>1,属钾质岩;具有与超钾质岩石相似的微量元素特征,强烈富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素（LILE）和轻稀土元素（LREE）,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti、P等高场强元素（HFSE）和重稀土元素（HREE）,但Cr（22.7×10-6~64.6×10-6）、Ni（18.9×10-6~46.6×10-6）含量明显偏低.其中,斑状石英正长岩的SiO₂含量相对较高,但MgO、K₂O、Cr、Ni、REE和Y等元素含量比石英角闪正长岩的低.综合分析认为,查孜正长岩主要形成于岩浆混合作用,是富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的超钾质岩浆与地壳物质部分熔融形成的酸性岩浆混合的结果,两种岩石的地球化学差异主要是岩浆混合的程度和比例不同导致的;它的形成可能与岩石圈地幔的减薄作用有关.      

西昆仑塔什库尔干苦子干碱性杂岩体的成因及其构造意义

苦子干碱性杂岩体是塔什库尔干新生代碱性岩带的主要组成之一,主要由霓辉正长岩、石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩组成。霓辉正长岩、石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩的SiO2含量差别较大,分别为50．26％～54．11％、59．74％～60．43oA、69．59％～72．13％;霓辉正长岩与石英霓辉正长岩的里特曼指数相近,分别为7．83～10．97、8．51～9．05,明显不同于碱性花岗岩（2．49～3．71）。这3种碱性岩石都表现出富集轻稀土,以及K、Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素（LILE）,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE）的特征。其中异常高的Sr、Ba和∑REE含量暗示可能还有富集地幔物质的加入。利用原位锆石LA—ICP—MS同位素测试方法,获得石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩的锆石U—Pb年龄分别为10．9±0．1Ma和11．9土0．4Ma,代表了岩石的结晶年龄;石英霓辉正长岩锆石εHf（t）值为-9．78～3．24,碱性花岗岩中锆石εHf（t）值为-13．54～5．78,均显示岩浆源区具有壳幔混合的特点。依据这些资料,并结合区域地质研究的综合分析,笔者初步提出西昆仑塔什库尔干苦子干碱性杂岩体的形成是由于青藏高原在～25Ma期间主体拆沉作用发生后,造成软流圈物质向北逃逸,并受到北面塔里木克拉通岩石圈山根阻挡而上涌,进而发生壳幔混合作用的产物。因此,该杂岩体是青藏高原大规模拆沉后浆活动的远程效应,且标志着研究区在～11Ma期间已处于伸展构造背景。     

冀北甲山正长岩的矿物学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素特征

甲山岩体形成于早白垩世晚期,可划分为3个单元。电子探针分析结果表明,碱性长石主要为Na-正长石和歪长石,少量为正长石;角闪石主要为钙角闪石中的铁浅闪石,少数为铁角闪石和铁阳起石;单斜辉石属钙铁辉石和普通辉石。化学成分上,该岩体富S i、全碱、全Fe、REE、Th、Ga、Nb、Zr、H f,贫Mg、Ba、Sr、Ti,Cr、Co、N i、V等过渡元素亏损,富轻稀土,中等铕负异常,具有A型花岗岩的特点。甲山正长岩的N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)初始比值ISr=0.701 41~0.707 41,εNd(t)值为-2.27~-5.58,表明岩浆为富集的大陆岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成。岩石圈的拆沉和减薄作用是引发岩石圈地幔部分熔融的原因之一,岩石圈地幔的富集作用可能发生在中元古代晚期。     

The U–Pb System in Schorlomite from Calcite–Amphobole–Pyroxene Pegmatite of the Afrikanda Complex (Kola Peninsula)

The geochronological U–Pb study of shorlomite from igneous rocks of the alkali–ultramafic Afrikanda massif (Kola Peninsula) was performed. The results demonstrate the reliability of calcium garnet as a mineral for the U–Pb geochronology of a wide range of igneous rocks, i.e., carbonatite, syenite, foidolite, foidite, melilitolite, melilitite, lamprophyres, micaceous kimberlites, etc., and associated rare earth and trace elements (REE, Nb, Zr) mineralization.     

河南舞阳南部张士英岩体的地球化学与成因及其构造意义

张士英岩体岩石类型以石英二长岩、石英正长岩为主。岩体属于准铝质的高钾-钾玄岩系列(Al2O3为14.8%～16.7%,A/CNK=0.77～1.02,K2O/Na2O在1.00～1.43之间),稀土元素总量在261.7～381.0μg/g之间,轻稀土元素相对富集,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式呈右倾平滑曲线,(La/Yb)N比值为28～50,具有轻微的Eu负异常,Eu/Eu?比值在0.73～0.87之间。微量元素组成上表现为Sr、Ba、Nb、Ta的亏损,而Th、U相对富集。(87Sr/86Sr)i初始平均值为0.709,εNd(t)值为-13.9～-19.9,Nd的模式年龄为1.48～2.10Ga。岩体锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄为(124.2±0.5)Ma,为早白垩世岩浆作用的产物。岩体侵位的区域地质背景为华北克拉通白垩纪大规模岩石圈转型和减薄时期,岩石的微量元素及同位素特征表明,岩体主要来源于下地壳物质的部分熔融,但有年轻地幔物质的加入。反映在区域强烈伸展拉张和岩石圈减薄背景下,软流圈地幔岩浆底侵所造成的下地壳部分熔融及壳幔混合过程。     

滇西哀牢山构造带长安铜钼金矿集区碱性斑岩岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年及其对成矿作用的约束

长安矿集区内的碱性斑岩体(脉)是哀牢山-金沙江碱性岩浆岩带的重要组成部分。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明长安花岗斑岩脉、铜厂正长斑岩和长安冲正长斑岩的形成时代分别为37.1±0.5Ma、35.8±0.4Ma和21.7±0.3Ma。岩石地球化学分析结果表明矿集区内新生代岩浆岩为准铝质-弱过铝质的碱性岩类,其高钾富碱富钙,以及轻稀土富集、Eu弱负异常、大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、U和K)强烈富集、高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P和Ti)亏损的地球化学特征与哀牢山-金沙江南段碱性带内的碱性岩浆岩一致,是源于含金云母的相对较浅的尖晶石相地幔的部分熔融形成钾质碱性岩浆,在上升过程中或在岩浆房内发生分异作用,演化出系列碱性岩浆,在较短时间内相继就位形成的,并为矿集区内多金属矿床的形成提供成矿流体和物质。     

辽宁赛马碱性岩体层硅铈钛矿化学成分变化及其对碱性岩浆演化的指示意义

辽宁赛马岩体是我国典型的产铀碱性杂岩体,但其稀土矿化机制尚不明确.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针分析,得知该岩体从霞石正长岩经霓霞正长伟晶岩至晚期异霞正长岩,代表性稀土矿物层硅铈钛矿[Na₂Ca₄REETi（Si₂O₇）₂OF_3]不断富集,Nb、Zr和REE（特别是HREE）等高场强元素含量不断升高,部分颗粒具Zr、REE等元素成分环带,以上成分变化与稀土等不相容元素性质、碱性岩浆成分和岩浆结晶分异过程密切相关.此外,层硅铈钛矿经历了一系列的热液蚀变,蚀变部分Ti、Ca、Sr、Na含量增加而Zr、REE含量降低,最终形成由残余层硅铈钛矿+方解石+萤石+铈硅磷灰石组成的假晶,可能与富碱质、F和CO₂的自交代流体作用有关.该研究揭示了碱性岩浆演化过程中,层硅铈钛矿成分变化及热液蚀变组合对指示岩浆结晶分异程度、探究稀土元素分馏及其热液活动性的具有重要意义.      

Neoproterozoic alkaline magmatism and associated igneous rocks in the western framing of the Siberian craton: petrography,geochemistry, and geochronology

The formation and evolution conditions for alkaline magmatism and associated igneous rocks in the western framing of the Siberian craton are shown by the example of alkaline and subalkaline intrusive bodies of the Yenisei Ridge. Here we present petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical, and geochronological data for the rocks of the Srednetatarka and Yagodka plutons located within the Tatarka–Ishimba suture zone. Ferroan and metaluminous varieties enriched with rare elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and REE) are making up most of the studied rocks. They formed at the stages of fractional crystallization of alkaline magma in a setting of active continental margin in the west of the Siberian craton in the Late Neoproterozoic (710–690 Ma). As differentiates of mantle magmas, these rocks associate with Nb-enriched rocks—A-type leucogranites and carbonatites. Sm/Nd and Rb/Sr isotopic data imply a predominance of the mantle component in the magmatic sources of the mafic and intermediate rocks as well as contamination processes of various volumes of continental crustal material by this magma.     

甘肃北山小西弓金矿区石英正长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征

通过高精度的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得北山南带小西弓金矿区石英正长斑岩的形成年龄为247.5±2.2Ma,属中三叠世。地球化学分析表明,该岩体为准铝质、钾玄岩系列,主量元素高硅(Si O_2=65.8%~66.2%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.99%~9.41%)、低钙(Ca O=1.72%~2.19%)、贫镁(Mg O=0.63%~0.70%);轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,弱负Eu异常。大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K和Pb富集,同时Ba、Sr、P、Ti和Eu亏损,并具高104*Ga/Al值和高Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量,表现出A型花岗岩的特征。北山南带三叠纪岩浆活动强烈,高分异I型-A型花岗岩大量发育,暗示区域内三叠纪处于造山后伸展环境。     

华北克拉通南缘大庄铌-稀土矿床碱性岩中榍石的地球化学、U-Pb年龄和Nd同位素特征

位于华北克拉通南缘河南省方城县的大庄铌-稀土矿是近年来新发现的一例具有中型规模的铌-稀土矿床.该矿床赋存于新元古代双山碱性侵入岩中,黑云母正长岩和角闪霞石正长岩是铌-稀土矿的主要赋矿岩石.通过电子探针与LA-ICP-MS等方法对大庄铌-稀土矿碱性岩中的榍石开展了主量、微量元素、U-Pb年代学和微区Nd同位素研究.大庄铌...     

Interaction of crustal and mantle materials,sources of trace elements during the formation and evolution of Early Paleozoic Li-rich granite-pegmatite systems in southeastern Tuva

We present new data on the age, composition, and environments of formation of granites of the Kystarys complex and the associated Li-rich rare-element pegmatites of the South Sangilen pegmatite belt including the large Tastyg lithium deposit. It has been established that they formed during the Early Paleozoic collisional orogeny in the Tuva-Mongolian massif at the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary. The granites of the Kystarys complex are moderately alkaline high-K rocks and are enriched in Zr, Nb, Y, and REE; therefore, they are classified as postcollisional, transitional to within-plate (A-type). The spodumene pegmatites of the South Sangilen pegmatite belt are similar to the above granites in age and isotopic and geochemical parameters, which suggests a paragenetic relationship between these rocks. Pegmatites form several pegmatite fields within the belt, which differ in trace-element signatures. In addition to predominant Li, Cs, and Ta, specific to all spodumene pegmatites (LCT family), pegmatites of two fields have high contents of Nb, Y, REE, and Zr, which are indicator elements of NYF family pegmatites. It has been established that the formation of spodumene pegmatites with combined LCT-NYF geochemical signatures was preceded by the intrusion of dikes of monzogabbro with the geochemical characteristics of OIB and of alkali aegirine granites and by the formation of associated metasomatites enriched in Zr, Nb, Y, and REE. Based on the geological, mineralogical, and geochemical data, we substantiate the hypothesis of the formation of Li-bearing granite-pegmatite melts from a mixed source resulted from the influence of fluids of an alkaline igneous complex of mantle genesis on the crustal protolith.     

东秦岭北部富碱侵入岩带岩石地球化学特征及构造意义

在东秦岭北部,富碱侵入岩的侵位与空间分布受同一个区域构造带(华北陆块南缘)控制,构成一个区域性的富碱岩浆岩带。根据岩石学和岩石化学研究,岩石类型主要分为碱性正长岩、碱性花岗岩和石英正长岩三大类。富碱岩浆岩带自北而南可以划分为3个亚带:北部碱性正长岩亚带,中部碱性花岗岩亚带,南部石英正长岩亚带。3个亚带富碱岩浆在化学成分方面虽有差异,但都具有富碱高钾特征,ALK=9～15,ω(K_2O)为5％～15％,ω(K_2O)/ω(Na_2O)=1.26～8.30。岩石中的暗色矿物辉石类主要为霓辉石和霓石,角闪石类主要为钙质浅闪石、阳起石质闪石、镁质角闪石、钠钙质绿闪石,黑云母类主要为铁云母和金云母。岩石中的长石类主要为K-Na系列富K端员的微斜长石和最大微斜长石,少量钠长石,极少Na-Ca系列的斜长石。霞石类主要为钾霞石和钙霞石。根据岩石地球化学研究,有以下显示:(1)REE总量200～1100μg/g,LREE/HREE比值4～15,δEu表现为无Eu异常或轻微正负Eu异常,(La/Yb)_n值多为10～30;(2)部分岩石类型富集大离子亲石元素,不相容元素分布模式曲线总斜率为负,Ba,Nb,Zr具明显负异常,表明他们具有大陆裂谷碱性花岗岩的特征;(3)岩石Nd、Sr和Pb同位素的研究表明,富碱侵入体的源区应是以下地壳为主,带入少量地幔和上地壳物质。     

Geological characteristics and genesis of the REE-Nb polymetallic deposit in Huishishan of Ejinaqi in Inner Mongolia

Huishishan REE-Nb polymentallic deposit located in the northern margin of Alxa Massif ang is a large-scale REE-Nb polymetallic deposit discovered in recent years. Through the systematic trench drilling, field geological investigation and petrographic study, the authors investigated the genesis and the ore-forming materials source of this REE-Nb deposit. The deposit is closely related with the alkali syenite and is of two different genetic types respectively magmatic crystallization differentiation type and hydrothermal metasomatism type. The metallogenic model was establieshed by summarizing the prospecting criteria of the deposit. The hydrothermal metasomatic deposit was controlled by faults, and the syenite magma was passively emplaced along faults. Then the fluid emerged out of the melt, with the further drastic drop of the temperature and pressure. The siliceous fluid rich in Nb, REE and volatile elements (mainly F and Cl) reacted with wall rocks, and finally the REE-Nb deposits were formed in favorable places. The alteration degree of limonization, pyritization and silicification in the wall rocks of the deposit is positively related to the contents of rare earth and niobium, and the boundary between the ore body and wall rocks is not obvious. The syenite magma was proactively emplaced along faults, with crystallization differentiation. The incompatible elements (Nb, REE, etc.) enriched in the residual melt and formed the magmatic crystallization differentiated deposit in the syenite. The alkaline syenite magmatism in Huishishan area provides material source for the formation of REE-Nb polymetallic deposit.     

内蒙古额济纳旗灰石山稀土铌多金属矿床地质特征及成因

灰石山稀土铌多金属矿床位于内蒙古阿拉善地块北缘,是近些年新发现的规模较大的稀土铌多金属矿床。通过系统的槽探钻探工程、野外地质调查及岩相学研究,探讨了该稀土铌多金属矿床的地质特征及成因。灰石山稀土铌多金属矿床与碱性正长岩密切相关,具岩浆期后热液交代型和岩浆结晶分异型2种不同成因类型。通过总结该矿床的找矿标志,建立了成矿模式: 岩浆期后热液交代型矿床受断裂控制,正长质岩浆沿断裂被动侵位,随着温度和压力的下降,流体与熔体发生溶离作用,富含Nb、REE和挥发分(F和Cl为主)的硅质流体发生水-岩反应,在有利部位形成了稀土铌矿床。矿床围岩褐铁矿化、黄铁矿化、硅化蚀变程度与稀土、铌的含量呈正相关,矿体与围岩界线不明显; 正长质岩浆主动侵位,伴随岩浆结晶分异作用,不相容元素(Nb、REE等)在残余熔体中富集成矿,形成了赋存于正长岩中的岩浆结晶分异型矿床。灰石山地区碱性正长质岩浆为稀土铌多金属矿床的形成提供了物质来源。     

Variations in the Nd isotopic ratios and canonical ratios of concentrations of incompatible elements as an indication of mixing sources of alkali granitoids and basites in the Khaldzan-Buregtei massif and the Khaldzan-Buregtei rare-metal deposit in western Mongolia

The paper reports data on the Nd isotopic composition and the evaluated composition of the sources of magmatism that produced massifs of alkali and basic rocks of the Khaldzan-Buregtei group. The massifs were emplaced in the terminal Devonian at 392–395 Ma in the Ozernaya zone of western Mongolia. The host rocks of the massifs are ophiolites of the early Caledonian Ozernaya zone, which were dated at 545–522 Ma. The massifs were emplaced in the following succession (listed in order from older to younger): (1) nordmarkites and dolerites syngenetic with them; (2) alkali granites and syngenetic dolerites; (3) dike ekerites; (4) dike pantellerites; (5) rare-metal granitoids; (6) alkali and intermediate basites and quartz syenites; and (7) miarolitic rare-metal alkali granites. Our data on the Nd isotopic composition [?_Nd(T)] and conventionally used (canonical) ratios of incompatible elements (Nb/U, Zr/Nb, and La/Yb) in rocks from the alkaline massifs and their host ophiolites indicate that all of these rocks were derived mostly from mantle and mantle-crustal enriched sources like OIB, E-MORB, and IAB with a subordinate contribution of N-MORB (DM) and upper continental crustal material. The variations in the ?_Nd(T) values in rocks of these massifs suggest multiple mixing of the sources or magmas derived from them when the massifs composing the Khaldzan-Buregtei group were produced. The OIB and E-MORB sources were mixed when the rocks with mantle signatures were formed. The occurrence of nordmarkites, alkali granites, and other rocks whose isotopic and geochemical signatures are intermediate between the values for mantle and crustal sources testifies to the mixing of mantle and crustal magmas. The crustal source itself, which consisted of rocks of the ophiolite complex, was obviously isotopically and geochemically heterogeneous, as also were the magmas derived from it. The model proposed for the genesis of alkali rocks of the Khaldzan-Buregtei massifs implies that the magmas were derived at two major depth levels: (1) mantle, at which the plume source mixed with an E-MORB source, and (2) crustal, at which the ophiolites were melted, and this gave rise to the parental magmas of the nordmarkites and alkali granites. The basites were derived immediately from the mantle. The mantle syenites, pantellerites, and rare-metal granitoids were produced either by the deep crystallization differentiation of basite magma or by the partial melting of the parental basites and the subsequent crystallization differentiation of the generated magmas. Differentiation likely took place in an intermediate chamber at depth levels close to the crustal (ophiolite) level of magma generation. Only such conditions could ensure the intense mixing of mantle and crustal magmas. The principal factor initiating magma generation in the region was the mantle plume that controlled within-plate magmatism in the Altai-Sayan area and the basite magmas related to this plume, which gave rise to small dikes and magmatic bodies in the group of intrusive massifs.     

Magmatic evolution and rare earth element enrichment of Saima alkaline complex,Liaoning, ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

赛马碱性杂岩体位于我国辽东半岛,是一个典型的铀-铌和稀土多金属矿化杂岩体,富含重稀土,其复杂的演化过程和稀土元素富集机制仍没有得到有效约束。本文对该碱性杂岩体中角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩、黑云正长岩、云霓霞石正长岩和异霞正长岩5类岩石及锆石的元素地球化学特征进行了系统研究,并开展了特征矿物包裹体的显微岩相学研究,旨在限定杂岩体母岩浆的演化路径,揭示稀土元素的富集机制。研究结果显示,赛马碱性杂岩体的母岩浆经历了由钾质碱性(角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩和黑云正长岩),到钾质过碱性(云霓霞石正长岩),向钠质过碱性(异霞正长岩)的充分演化。在演化过程中赛马碱性杂岩体母岩浆的体系状态发生了明显变化,碱性岩浆演化受流体不饱和的纯岩浆体系的控制,而过碱性岩浆岩则形成于流体过饱和的岩浆体系,且异霞正长岩母岩浆流体的饱和程度明显高于云霓霞石正长岩的母岩浆。研究还显示,钾质碱性岩浆稀土元素的地球化学行为主要受控于磷灰石等矿物的分离结晶,而成矿的钠质过碱性岩浆稀土、锆和铌等元素的富集成矿则主要受富CO_(2)的高盐度岩浆热液的控制。