皖东南独山一带“梁山组”的层位

自一九三一年赵亚曾、黄汲清创立“梁山组”以来,其层位和时代一直争论未定。归纳起来有以下几种意见: 1.认为属早二迭世栖霞灰岩的Stylidophyllum volzi或Misellina claudiae带的相变; 2.认为“梁山组”为石炭纪;3.认为“梁山组”位于栖霞灰岩Misellina claudiae 带以下;4.“梁山组”没有一定层位,最高可相当于Nankinella inflata带。      

黔中广顺一带梁山组遗迹化石的首次发现及遗迹相探讨

在1:50000广顺幅区调过程中,首次发现广顺地区下二叠统粱山组有大量丰富的遗迹化石存在。本文特作以报道,并为该区早二叠世古环境分析提供了新的地质资料。一、广顺地区梁山组简介梁山组为早二叠世栖霞早期的沉积地层。它与下伏地层上石炭统马平组(主要由亮晶生物屑灰岩、团粒灰岩组成)呈不整合接触;与上覆下二叠统栖霞组(由泥—细晶生物屑灰岩夹钙质页岩、泥灰岩、燧石灰岩组成)呈整合接触。梁山组主要由石英砂岩、页岩和粘土岩组成,也见有生物屑硅质岩。有较多的腕足类和     

川西南部地区下二叠统栖霞阶层序地层特征及岩相古地理

【目的】西接康滇古陆的四川盆地西南部下二叠统栖霞阶近年来展示出良好的勘探潜力,然而针对该地区地层充填规律及古地理格局的观点还并不统一,严重制约了下一步盆内精细的油气勘探和井位部署。【方法】以四川盆地西南部下二叠统栖霞阶梁山组和栖霞组为研究对象,综合利用野外剖面、钻井岩心和测录井等资料,在岩石类型与沉积相分析的基础上,运用海相碳酸盐岩层序地层学原理与方法,对栖霞阶层序界面进行识别。并采用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,以三级层序为编图单位,结合优势相原则,分别绘制研究区栖霞阶SQ0+SQ1和SQ2层序岩相古地理图。【结果】在栖霞阶中识别出4个三级层序界面,从下到上分别为梁山组底界面（I型）、栖一段内部界面（II型）、栖一段栖二段界面（II型）和栖霞组茅口组界面（I型）,并将其划分为3个三级层序,每个层序均由海侵域和高位域组成。通过层序地层格架的对比分析,认为栖霞阶下部的SQ0层序大致对应于传统划分的梁山组+栖一段下部地层,仅发育于研究区内的栖霞阶地层沉积前古地貌低地,并且具有向古地貌高地超覆的层序充填特征,中部的SQ1层序和上部的SQ2层序则遍布全区。川西南栖霞阶层序岩相古地理格局总体上表现...     

江西中部石炭—二叠系界线

<正> 江西中部晚石炭世至早二叠世地层为连续的海相碳酸盐岩沉积,在船山组Sphaero-schwagerina带之上,栖霞组Misellina claudiae带之下有一套深灰色中至厚层生物泥晶灰岩,含(竹蜓)、牙形刺及珊瑚,厚度一般为40—60m。以高安鸡公岭出露良好,故命名鸡公岭组,用以代表江西中部下二叠统最低层位。     

Robustoschwagerina在广西隆林的发现

<正> 在桂北、滇东及黔西南一带,石炭系一二迭系的岩层系连续沉积,未见通常所称的栖霞底部煤系或梁山组。从上石炭统至下二迭统,是一套以灰岩为主的碳酸盐类岩层,这是我国地层工作者研究石炭系与二迭系界线的理想地区。近年来,我队张明发、龙家荣等在广西隆林县城附近,测制石炭系—二迭系剖面时,采集了大量化石,其中(竹蜓)化石交由笔者研究。在栖霞组下部3米厚的灰色厚层灰岩中,找到了以Misellina为主的(竹蜓)类动物群,     

桂西北早二叠世早期地层——常么组

<正> 近年来,贵州省地质局区域地质调查队在桂西北地区开展的区调工作中,发现下二叠统栖霞组Misellina claudiae带与上石炭统马平组Pseudoschwagerina带间,发育有一套浅海相灰岩地层,含丰富的(竹蜓)、珊瑚等化石,其中以含Parafusulina,Pseudofusulina inusitata,Robustoschwagerina,Misellina,Wentzellophyllum,Yatsengia,Iranophyllum等为主要特征,厚60—95米,与上覆及下伏地层均为整合接触关系。根据该地层生物组合与马平组和栖霞组有明显差别,横向稳定,展布广,尤以广西隆林常么附近发育良好,故名为常么组,以代表下二叠统最低层位。     

江西萍乐坳陷早二叠世的藻类组合及其环境意义

<正> 江西早二叠世地层组段的划分仍沿用栖霞组、茅口组二分方案,不过界线有上、下之别。朱正刚等将安福县小江边村的小江边组置于茅口组下部与栖霞组为界,上覆狮子形组,提出了相应的Urushtenia chaoi-Chusenella tieni组合带。我们根据在整个坳陷内系统的地表地质工作,和大量的镜鉴成果,按岩性、岩相、沉积特征等,将下二叠统分为3个岩性段:即下部灰岩段,相当栖霞组;中部泥质岩(页岩)夹瘤状灰岩段,相当小江边组;上部     

湘西北地区早二叠世早期的腕足动物

湘西北地区的早二叠世早期沉积按岩性分两个组:下部称梁山组,假整合于含Yunnanella、Cyrtospirifer的上泥盆统之上;上部惯称栖霞组,与其上产Cryptos-pirifer、Chusenella的茅口组为连续沉积。栖霞组的生物化石相当丰富,以腕足、珊瑚和(蜓)为主,其中尤以腕足动物最为繁盛。梁山组以植物化石为主,仅顶部产腕足。本文涉及的腕足采自七个地点(图1),其中包括1个新属和5个新种。     

四川华蓥山栖霞组腕足动物组合

<正> 四川华蓥山二叠系露头良好,栖霞组在华蓥山中段出露比较完整,分为下部含煤线的碎屑岩梁山段和中部、上部的灰岩段。梁山段平行不整合于中志留统罗惹坪组之上,厚度为7.8m。梁山段的下部为夹粉砂岩薄层的浅灰色铝土质泥岩;中部和上部为浅灰色粉砂     

广东二叠纪岩石地层划分

广东二叠纪沉积是在石炭纪海盆的基础上发展的，海侵期形成碳酸盐岩或硅质岩序列，海退期形成含煤碎屑岩或红色碎屑岩，连阳小区以碳酸盐岩为主，夹少量含煤碎屑岩，韶关和兴海小区为碳酸盐岩、硅质页岩，含煤碎屑岩（局部夹灰岩）和灰岩（或含铁锰质硅质岩）的地层序列广花－阳春小区，除底部分为碳酸盐岩外，往上以红色碎屑岩为主，根据岩性，岩相特征，全省二叠系划分为梁山组，栖霞组和格顶组等１３个岩石地层单位。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.     

Paleomagnetic implications on the evolution of the tethys belt from the atlantic ocean to the pamirs since the triassic

We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies.