与其导数具有分担值的全纯函数的正规族

证明了一个区域上的全纯函数族是正规的。如果任意的两人相互判别的有限非零值为族中任意函数及其一阶导数在该区域中的ＣＭ分担值 。     

计算有限区域内的流函数和势函数的新方法

本文给出了一种在有限区域上计算流函数和函数的新方法,实验结果表明这种方法不仅可以使计算结果具有物理意义,收敛快,而且可以使误差减小到任意给定的精度。     

运用经验正交分析试作六月份旬降水趋势预报

用数学分解的方法处理原始资料数据的方法很多,如幂级数分解,三角级数分解,球函数分解,经验正交函数分解等。 经验正交函数分解与其他数学分解比较有如下优点:①用经验正交逼近时,网格是任意的,能够在任意选定的有限区域内进行分解,研究各种空间尺度的气象要素场是比     

烟雾流量的计算

作者首先定义流量函数，并借助于它的一个柯西问题的解，获得通过任意断面的毒物流量，从而确定各分流部分的精确值。     

GRAPES模式标准初始化方案设计与实现

文章介绍了GRAPES模式标准初始化系统的方案设计及程序结构，对3种不同方案产生的初始场进行了分析。结果表明:水平风场、温度场、位温场对插值方法的精度并不是很敏感，而高度场以及气压Exner函数则对垂直插值方法的精度要求很高；在3种模式变量产生方案中，方案一的效果较差，但它计算速度快，在地形梯度不大的地方可以选择使用；方案二与方案三的效果则比较好，用户可根据自己的需求任意选择。GRAPES模式标准初始化系统在完成其主要功能的同时，通过灵活的程序设计，对标准初始化系统的区域、分辨率、垂直层次、水平插值方法、垂直插值方法等的任意选取，使得标准初始化系统可以很容易满足模式初值的各种需求，为模式开发研究实验提供了各种便利。     

具有凝结加热反馈的对称不稳定的解析研究

本文采用非地转非静力条件下存在对流凝结加热反馈的Boussinesq方程组,借用Emanuel(1982)的Wave-CISK方案来考虑凝结反馈作用,并应用Green函数方法和Fourier方法,求得了任意加热廓线时对称不稳定的流函数的解析表达式及其频散关系。本文还对取某些特定的加热廓线时的情况进行了讨论。      

基于不同重现期的1960—2019年长三角地区区域降水风险评估北大核心

本文基于长三角地区1960—2019年逐日降水观测数据以及2015年1 km格网的GDP和人口数据,借助区域降水事件提取方法共识别出2109次区域降水事件,并利用不同分布函数确定不同重现期下降水强度和降水日数的阈值,进一步采用国际减灾战略(ISDR)的灾害风险评估模型,从危险性与脆弱性综合评价长三角地区区域降水风险及其空间分布特征。结果表明:(1)对于降水强度,GEV函数拟合效果最优;对于降水日数,EXP函数和POISS函数拟合效果最好;(2)长三角不同重现期下区域降水的危险性均从中部地区向南北两侧递减;(3)长三角脆弱性由东部沿海向内陆逐渐降低;(4)不同重现期下长三角区域降水风险均是由东部沿海向内陆降低,其中各大中心城市始终是高风险区。     

小旋转椭球粒子群的微波衰减特性

从计算任意形状粒子的衰减截面普遍公式出发 ,推导出了小旋转椭球粒子群旋转轴处于不同状态时的衰减截面函数表达式 ,并计算分析各种状态下衰减截面随降水粒子相态、形状和入射波波长的变化特征 ,所得结果可用于降水微波遥感。     

用有限区域风速场准确求解流函数和速度势场的方法

流函数和速度势是气象业务和研究中常用于表述风速的一组变量。用有限区域风速场, 使用有限差分方法求解得到的流函数和速度势场重建初始风速场, 由于受区域边界的限制往往有明显的偏差。虽然有许多求解方法的研究, 但是, 至今仍尚未见到一种真正准确的求解计算方案。首先, 介绍用Arakawa A网格和D网格分布的有限区域风速场求解流函数和速度势场的一般有限差分计算方法, 探讨用它们的解重建风速场产生误差的原因。然后, 针对这些原因, 对给定的有限区域, 通过线性外推初始风速场, 扩展求解计算区域, 使用协调、一致的有限差分格式方案, 准确计算求解区域的边界有旋风速、散度风速和速度势的定解边界条件, 以及恰当选择流函数、速度势、涡度和散度等变量的分布网格, 设计了用上述两种网格分布的风速场准确求解流函数、速度势场的方案, 并对其正确性加以证明, 它们可以推广应用于其他Arakawa网格。用实际资料试验同样显示, 方案避免了重建风速场误差的出现, 与初始风速场相比, 全场风速最大偏差精度达到10-12m/s或以上, 在计算机精度造成的计算误差影响范围内。本文的研究很好解决了长期以来用有限区域风速场、 使用有限差分方法无法准确求解流函数和速度势场的问题。     

泰森多边形在“包头市人工影响天气综合信息分析处理系统”中的应用

在“包头市人工影响天气综合信息分析处理系统”中对于根据自动雨量站点雨量数据转化为面数据,从而对任意区域人工增雨作业效果进行较为科学合理的评估。并用到了泰森多边形和Delaulay三角形算法。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.