Rare Earth Elements as a Causal Factor of Geophagy among Herbivorous Animals

Doklady Earth Sciences - Extensive geological and hydrobiogeochemical studies were conducted for the first time in two Sikhote-Alin (Primorskii krai) areas, where geophagy among wild ungulates has...     

Age of the Chibit Glaciation in Gornyi Altai

Doklady Earth Sciences - New results of Optically-Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating that make it possible to clarify the age of the Chibitskii glaciation in the Altai Mountains are reported....     

Age of Glacial and Fluvioglacial Deposits of the Chibit Glaciocomplex in Gornyi Altai

Doklady Earth Sciences - The aerial stratotype of the Chibit Glaciation in a stratigraphic chart of Quaternary deposits of the Altai–Sayan Mountains, which corresponds to the Last Glacial...     

小秦岭金矿田稀土元素地球化学特征

文章根椐小秦岭金矿田稀土分析结果,总结了各地层岩石单元、岩浆岩及矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及规律,对太华群主要变质岩进行了原岩恢复,分析了燕山期花岗岩文峪岩体和娘娘山岩体生成构造环境及其与成矿的关系.通过主要矿床稀土元素地球化学特征对比,指出区内大湖钼金矿床与其它金矿床的成矿差异,认为小秦岭金矿成矿物质来源为变质岩中的斜...     

Fractionation of Rare-Earth Elements in the Processes of Hydrothermal Ore Formation

The data on the distribution of elements in the Pb–Zn cross-section of the Gatsirovskaya vein (the Upper Zgid deposit, North Ossetia, Russia) have shown that the spectra of rare-earth elements (REEs) changed significantly in the ore samples during the vein formation. The sharp growth of the La_N/Yb_N, La_N/Nd_N, Gd_N/Ho_N, and Gd_N/Yb_N ratios is confined to the vein intervals, where the maximum amount of ore components is deposited. The comparison of the REE spectra of ores to the characteristics of the spectra of the rocks surrounding the vein and the host rocks suggests that the vein material deposited from the solutions in which the REE ratio changed with time. REE fractionation occurred due to the mobilization of components by hydrothermal solutions during their interaction with the Paleozoic host granites.     

Rare-Earth Elements in the Atmospheric Precipitation of the City of Blagoveshchensk

The mineral composition, distribution and fractionation of rare-earth elements in dissolved and suspended forms (solid residue) of atmospheric precipitation were studied by analyzing the snow sampled over urbanized territory by the example of the city of Blagoveschensk. Electron-microscopic studies revealed the own minerals of rare-earth elements in dust aerosols. It is shown that the main sources of the atmospheric pollution by rare-earth elements were emissions of TPP (heat and power plants) and boiler houses. Contrasting geochemical anomalies of rare-earth elements were found in the snow cover of the city. The REE concentrations in the solid phase of snow are few orders of magnitude higher than those of the liquid phase. The snow solid phase provides insight into the REE behavior, because it directly reflects the impact of different anthropogenic sources. The characteristic feature of the REE distribution in the solid residue of snow is their LREE enrichment relative to MREE and HREE. The average HREE content is 10% of total REE. In the snow water–solid phase system, most samples show weak fractionation between LREE and HREE owing to the low total mineralization of the snow liquid phase and the small content of organic matter.     

Patterns of the Distribution of Rare-Earth Elements in Waters of Mud Volcanoes

Doklady Earth Sciences - The original data on the distribution of rare-earth elements in waters of mud volcanoes of Sakhalin Island, Taman Peninsula, and Azerbaijan are presented. It has been shown...     

Biosorption of Rare-Earth Elements and Yttrium by Heterotrophic Bacteria in an Aqueous Environment

This paper reports the results of the experimental determination of the coefficient of sorption of rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY) under conditions of acidic pH using several strains of heterotrophic bacteria (Microbacterium sp., Curtobacterium sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, and Bacillus pumilis) that are widespread in natural and technogenic waters of the Far East (Russia). Insignificant fractionation between heavy and light rare-earth elements, negative cerium and dysprosium anomalies, and a positive europium anomaly were revealed. The selectivity of REY biosorption by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as inertia of the biosorption process under more acidic conditions of the medium, were shown.     

Geochemistry of Rare and Rare-Earth Elements in Manganiferous Sediments of the Polar Urals and Pai-Khoi

Lithology and Mineral Resources - Data on the concentration of rare and rare-earth elements in the Devonian manganese-rich metasediments of the Polar Urals and Pai-Khoi Ridge are presented. It is...     

First Data on the Distribution of Rare-Earth Elements in Ferromanganese Deposits of the Laptev Sea

Doklady Earth Sciences - The distribution of rare-earth elements (REEs) in ferromanganese deposits (FMDs) from the southeastern Laptev Sea is considered. The ore part of FMDs consisting mainly of...     

Location of Rare-Earth Elements in Coals at the Sergeevskoe Deposit (Amur River Region)

Doklady Earth Sciences - The occurrence forms and location features of rare-earth elements in Miocene brown coals have been studied at the Sergeevskoe deposit (Amur region). Humic acids have been...     

华南地区晚二叠和晚三叠世煤中稀土元素特征研究

在华南地区贵州六盘水、江西乐平、露庆和湖北黄石矿区晚二叠和晚三叠世煤层的稀土元素ICP—MS分析数据的基础上，系统研究了研究区煤中稀土元素的含萤分布特征、赋存特征、配分模式以及地质控制因素。含量分布表明晚二叠世稀土元素含量总体高于晚三叠世；煤中稀土元素与灰分成正相关关系，部分煤样品由于有富稀土元素的重矿物组合的存在而出现稀土元素的异常高值；同一矿区、同一时代煤中稀土元素的配分模式具有一定的相似性，而不同地区同一时代和同一地区不同时代煤中稀土元素的配分模式具有较大差异；煤的沉积环境，煤中无机矿物组成以及海水的影响是控制煤中稀土元素含量和配分模式的主要地质因素。     

贵州天桥铅锌矿床REE地球化学特征

稀土元素是示踪成矿流体来源的有效手段之一。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）对贵州天桥铅锌矿床成矿期方解石REE含量进行了分析。结合前人发表的峨眉山玄武岩、辉绿岩、矿石、硫化物、蚀变围岩、地层碳酸盐岩及地层中黄铁矿的REE数据,探讨了天桥铅锌矿床REE地球化学特征及其对成矿流体来源的指示意义。     

湘南花岗岩体稀有稀土元素成矿地质特征的初步认识

含稀有稀土元素花岗岩型矿体,为我国稀有稀土元素的主要工业类型,湘南是我国稀有稀土元素重要成矿区之一.区内岩体众多.本文概述了湘南花岗岩的特征,结合稀有稀土元素矿化特征讨论了各不同花岩类与稀有稀土元素的关系,对其成矿地质特征进行了初步的总结和探讨.     

南海北部近海陆架表层沉积物类型及其稀土元素特征

对采自南海北部近海陆架区273个表层沉积物样品进行了系统的粒度及常微量和稀土元素分析。依据粒度分析结果,采用福克沉积物分类法,判断本区沉积物类型主要为砂质粉砂和粉砂,两者约占总样品数的60%,其次为泥、砂质泥、泥质砂和粉砂质砂,约占总样品数的27%。稀土元素的分析结果表明,研究区沉积物的稀土总量变化范围为21.34~244.15μg/g,平均值为155.26μg/g,与中国黄土的稀土总量(平均值171μg/g)相近,而与深海粘土沉积物的稀土总量(平均值411μg/g)差异较大,具有明显的亲陆性。稀土元素富集和分布主要受沉积物类型及水动力条件的影响,本区不同类型沉积物的稀土元素含量差异较大,稀土元素主要富集在粉砂、砂质粉砂、泥和砂质泥等几种类型的沉积物中;ΣREE等值线呈近似平行海岸的条带状分布,总体上,随着离岸距离的增加稀土元素含量逐渐降低,其中最高含量位于珠江口西侧、上下川岛、海陵湾等附近海域,这一特征可能与南海北部珠江口自东向西发育的沿岸流有关。但本区不同类型沉积物的稀土元素配分模式很相似,且与周边几条主要河流及上地壳稀土配分模式基本一致,表现为轻稀土强烈富集,具有明显的Eu负异常,而Ce无异常,表明其为典型的陆源沉积且源区具有一致性。进一步的分析表明,本区的沉积环境相对比较稳定,沉积物主要来源于华南大陆的花岗质母岩,并且大部分物质是通过珠江而带入。     

西太平洋海山磷酸盐的常量、微量和稀土元素地球化学研究

本文对主要取自于西太平洋我国调查区内不同海山、不同水深、不同产状的13个磷酸盐样品进行了常量、微量和稀土元素测定,以探讨与大洋富钴结壳密切伴生的磷酸盐的常、微量和稀土元素地球化学的特征。分析结果表明,调查区磷酸盐中主要氧化物的平均值与赤道太平洋的相近,暗示两者可能有相似的形成环境和形成机制。磷酸盐中微量元素Sr、Ba、Co、Cu、Ni及U丰度分别变化于862×10~(-6)～2181×10~(-6)、29×10~(-6)～3429×10~(-6)、6.3×10~(-6)～115×10~(-6)、23×10~(-6)～263×10~(-6)、12×10~(-6)～825×10~(-6)及4×10~(-6)～11×10~(-6),丰度多数低于泥质岩平均值,其CaO/P_2O_5、F/CO_2、Sr/P_2O_5值及常量、微量元素间的相关关系,清晰地显示了磷酸盐的种类、成分与结构、形成的地质背景和元素的主要组合特征。磷酸盐的稀土丰度为136.50×10~(-6)～853.70×10~(-6);Ce~*变化于0.01～0.18之间;(Ce/Yb)_N值变化于0.01～0.21之间。研究证实,不同产状磷酸盐的稀土元素配分模式基本一致,曲线相互平行,基本不呈现交叉现象,均呈Ce强烈亏损,轻、重稀土分馏程度大及重稀土富集的型式。调查区、赤道太平洋、中太平洋磷酸盐的稀土元素丰度、Ce~*、Ce/Yb值以及它们与海水稀土元素配分模式相似的特征,也进一步显     

Petrology of metabasites from the Terekta Complex as a constituent of ancient accretionary prism of Gorny Altai

The blueschist/greenshist Terekta Complex is the only blueschist locality known in the Russian Altai. The Terekta metabasites contain Na and Na–Ca amphibole, actinolite, phengite, epidote, albite, quartz, calcite, magnetite (or hematite). Depending on the amphibole composition, these rocks were subdivided into blueschist, transitional blueschist/greenschist and greenschist. Both blueschists and transitional blueschist/greenschists (glaucophane-bearing and winchite–actinolite schists) have compositions similar to alkaline basalts of oceanic islands, whereas the greenschists correspond to ocean-floor tholeiitic basalts, or MORB. Available geothermobarometry yielded the following estimates of metamorphic conditions: T=350–400 °C and P=6–8 kbar. The different mineral assemblages of the metabasites are believed to be a result of their different lithologies. The presence of matabasalts with ocean island basalt and MORB affinity, as well as the occurrence of layered metachert, marble, metagraywacke, and plates of serpentinized dunites, pyroxenites indicate that the complex was very likely a subduction-accretionary complex. The complex contains rocks of accretionary wedge, and fragments of oceanic crust which are regarded to be a remnant of an Early Paleozoic subduction zone in the Russian Altai.     

Biochelates as a Cause of Metal Cycling Across the Redoxcline

The sharp concentration peak of the metals Cu, Cd and Zn at the redoxcline of the Framvaren Fjord, Norway, is described as an effect of chelation/complexation with organic ligands. The most dominating ligand is 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), which binds with a 2 : 1 ligand to metal stoichiometric ratio. MBT has the highest concentrations at the vicinity of the redoxcline where the oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur and sulfate is most extensive. We suggest the production being caused by sulfide oxidizing bacteria as we have not been able to detect MBT in pure cultures of sulfate reducing bacteria. Ni does not exhibit the same distribution as the other three metals due to lower preference for coordination with S and N donor atoms and a much lower rate for loss of water than Cu, Cd and Zn.