崇义县上堡梯田土地质量地球化学评估及开发建议

基于1∶5万土地质量地球化学化学调查采样分析获得土壤重金属元素和养分元素数据,参照土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—2018)和土地质量地球化学评价规范(DZ/T 0295-2016),采用单指标评价法对上堡梯田土壤养分和土壤环境质量进行评价,并在此基础上,将两者叠加分析,对研究区进行土地质量地球化学分等。结果表明:(1)上堡梯田土地总体质量较好,以优质和良好为主,优质的土壤面积25. 34km2,占27. 51%;良好的土壤面积56. 61km2,占62. 12%;中等的土壤面积9. 5km2,占10. 31%;差等的土壤面积0. 05km2,占0. 054%,无劣等的土壤;(2)上堡梯田内大部土壤显示无公害富硒,圈定无公害富硒农业基地面积63. 26km2,无公害富锌土壤面积26. 35km2,无公害富硒富锌的土壤面积达16. 92km2,具备建立大面积无公害富硒农业基地的条件。     

广西八步区主要农用地土壤硒元素地球化学特征

系统采集广西八步区目前用于农业发展的土壤样品,分析其中硒元素的含量。结果表明：研究区内农业用地土壤中的硒元素平均含量为0.59 mg/kg,富硒土壤分布范围广,足硒和富硒占总面积的98.49%。其中,黄红土壤中所含有的硒元素含量最高,平均值为0.69 mg/kg;冲积、洪积土壤硒含量最低,平均值为0.40 mg/kg;硒在碱性土壤含量最高,其次为酸性土壤,最低为中性土壤。一般而言,土壤的酸碱性、成土母质等都会直接成为硒元素含量的主导因素。研究范围的土地环境质量综合等级多为三等及以上,养分等级以中等—较丰富等级为主,种植作物以玉米、水稻等农作物居多,开发富硒土地资源前景广阔。     

皖江经济带某区土壤质量地球化学评价与空间分布研究

土壤质量评价是土地利用总体规划的重要组成部分,是土地利用分区的主要技术依据和决策因素.本次针对研究区开展调查,基于土壤地质调查与数据分析进行土壤质量地球化学综合评价和分级.结果表明:区内总体土地质量良好,但存在土壤养分元素氮、磷、碘、硒等元素缺乏.土壤总体酸碱度呈弱碱性—中性.土壤综合等级以三等及以上等级为主,占研究区总面积的94.7％.土壤养分元素的缺乏以及土壤污染是影响土地质量的主要原因.     

安徽芜湖县土壤硒元素地球化学特征与富硒土壤开发利用探讨

安徽省芜湖县土壤硒背景值含量高,足硒和富硒土壤面积占县域面积的99.53%,成片分布的富硒土壤总面积达51.19km~2。土壤硒主要来源于成土母质,具有明显的继承性。富硒土壤环境质量良好,氮、磷、钾、有机质及微量元素养分丰富。富硒土壤多呈弱酸性,硒的生态效应偏弱、农作物对硒的吸收偏差,可通过土壤改良可提升硒的生态效应。大宗农产品样品检验分析呈现多富硒,且达到绿色食品标准,该地区富硒土地资源具有良好的农业开发利用前景。     

江西赣州梓山地区富硒土壤重金属元素安全性评价

在江西梓山地区采集土壤样712件、水稻样46件,分析该区土壤、水稻中As、Cd等重金属元素含量及其在土壤—水稻系统中的安全性。研究区土壤环境质量总体优良,清洁和较清洁土壤图斑面积为11 883.06hm2,占全区面积的96.82%;轻微污染的土壤图斑面积为368.66hm2,占全区面积的3.00%;重金属污染的土壤图斑主要分布于富硒土壤区。水稻中As等重金属元素含量较低,均符合国家食品安全标准。水稻对As等元素的吸收富集能力受其土壤总量及其有效性制约,而重金属元素的生物有效性主要受重金属总量与TFe2O3的控制。研究区土壤脱硅富铁铝的特征表明,该区土壤As等重金属元素的生物有效性较低,可开发富硒水稻。     

河北省康保—沽源地区土地质量地球化学评价

河北省康保—沽源地区土地质量地球化学评价工作是基于河北省该区1 ∶ 25万土地质量地球化学调查获得的土壤54项全量元素数据,根据《土地质量地球化学评价规范》（DZ／T0295－2016）和《土壤环境质量标准》（GB15618－2018）,采用单指标评价法对研究区土壤养分和土壤环境质量进行了评价。对两者资料叠加分析,认为：研究区土壤养分元素普遍偏低,土壤大量营养元素优于微量营养元素。土壤养分综合等级以三等为主,占区内总面积的41. 96%,二等和四等分别占区内总面积的27. 72%和25. 00%,坝缘山地和闪电河、葫芦河流域土壤肥力普遍优于其他地区。土壤重金属环境综合质量以一等无风险区为主,占总面积的99. 95%,二等风险可控区占总面积的0. 05%,重金属主要为镉元素的污染影响。     

安徽贵池地区富硒土壤地球化学特征及开发利用潜力

为了解安徽贵池地区富硒土壤特征与潜力,服务当地富硒土地资源开发,选择贵池西部开展土壤地球化学测量试验,探讨Se、I等有益元素的富集特征、成因及潜力,Cd、As等有害元素的超标特征及成因等,结合研究区土壤中有益、有害元素特征,讨论富硒土地资源及其开发优势。发现表层和深层土壤中Se等有益元素含量总体较高,其中Se含量达到富硒土地标准的表层土壤点位占全部样品点位的76%;表层土壤中Cd含量超标的点位占48%,其他有害元素仅个别点位超标,Cd是制约该地区富硒土地资源开发的主要不利因素。在研究区圈定了61.4 km2的富硒土地资源,认为研究区东部土壤富硒的物质来源是二叠系灰岩,可以利用当地灰岩提升富硒土地资源品质,降低生态风险。     

黑龙江省讷河市土壤质量与绿色产地适宜性评价

基于东北黑土地1∶250 000土地质量地球化学调查数据,按照《土地质量地球化学评价规范》和《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》,对讷河市土壤养分、土壤环境质量、土壤综合质量及绿色产地适宜性进行评价. 结果显示讷河市土地肥沃,环境清洁,适合于发展绿色农业：1）土壤养分单指标N、P、K、有机质、CaO、MgO、Fe₂O₃、S、B、Zn、Mn、Cu、Mo、Co、Ge、V共16项中,除Cu、Zn为较缺乏和Ge、B缺乏外,其他指标均为丰富和较丰富;土壤养分综合等级以较丰富和中等为主,分布面积分别为3 666.74 km²和2 574.11 km²,占全区面积的56.94%和39.97%. 2）土壤环境质量以一等（无风险）为主,一等区面积6 435.78 km²,占全区面积的99.94%;二等（风险可控）区面积仅4 km²,占0.06%. 3）全区土壤质量综合等级以优质为主,优质土壤面积3 806.06 km²,占全区面积的59.11%;良好级土壤面积2 574.11 km²,占39.97%;中等级土壤面积59.61 km²,占0.92%;没有四等（差等）和五等（劣等）土壤. 4）符合一级绿色食品产地的土壤面积为6 461.5 km²,占全区面积的97.5%;符合二级绿色食品产地的土壤面积为38.1 km²,占全区面积的0.58%;不符合绿色食品产地的土壤面积为65.6 km²,占全区面积的0.99%.     

成都经济区土壤质量地球化学评估

通过对成都经济区土壤重金属元素和有益元素含量高低的测定,参照相关国家或行业标准,根据土壤环境质量、土壤养分质量进行地球化学分等,最终进行土壤质量地球化学评价。结果表明:成都经济区土壤质量以Ⅲ、Ⅳ等为主,占调查面积的56.05%左右,土壤较清洁,养分较高,适宜农业生产;其次是Ⅴ、Ⅵ等,占总面积的39.02%左右,土壤存在不同程度的重金属污染现象,养分低,应加强管理;Ⅰ、Ⅱ等土壤面积仅占4.95%,是发展有机、无公害农业的理想区域,应注意强化保护和合理利用。     

土地质量地球化学评价方法研究与应用:以黑龙江省宏胜镇为例

为进一步加强土地质量地球化学评价成果的应用性,本评价方法以土地利用现状图斑为评价单元,采用网格化布设土壤采样点,网度为400 m×400 m,采样深度为0~20 cm。分析了土壤样品中N、P、K、As、Se等16项元素指标。参考《土地质量地球化学评价规范》对黑龙江省宏胜镇农耕区土地质量进行了地球化学评价。结果显示:宏胜镇农耕区土地环境综合质量状况优质,达到一等环境质量的耕地面积占99.30%;养分综合质量丰富以上的土地占94.03%。同时经过本次评价进一步发现了81.05 km~2的珍贵富硒土地资源,土壤硒含量在0.4~1.01 mg/kg之间。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861