遥感与GIS的一体化—研究课题,状况和趋势

国家地理信息和分析中心正在研究遥感与ＧＩＳ一体化中的主要障碍，以弄清要改进这些技术有效应和一体化所应着手的研究领域，遥感与ＧＩＳ确实在结合，但是还没有实现充分有效的结合，我们已经研究了原理，精度，数据模型，处理流程和未来的计算环境五个领域，在这些领域仍需要作进一步的研究，专门研究领域包括与格式转换有关的误差，数据库管理与文档管理，非传统装置结构的使用，适于使用超级空间数据库的改进工具与功能以及数据     

遥感图像处理与地理信息系统

本文简要介绍了遥感图像处理技术与ＧＩＳ的关系，概述了遥感图像处理技术的发展状况及其在ＧＩＳ中的应用，讨论了遥感（ＲＳ）与ＧＩＳ结合的现状及前景。     

遥感与地理信息系统数据的信息量及不确定性

讨论了遥感、GIS数据的不确定性与信息论中的不确定性间的联系,导出了GIS图形数据与遥感影像数据的信息量估算式,提出了位置疑义度和属性疑义度等概念。在统一的数学基础上,估算几何位置误差和属性正确率不足引起的不确定性,从而建立起遥感影像与GIS图形数据的信息量及不确定性的统一量度。     

当前地理信息系统与遥感数据集成问题

论述了当前遥感与地理信息系统集成所面临的问题；综述了在遥感与数据分析方面的新进展；强调了要解决这些问题的新技术，新方法。     

海洋渔业遥感地理信息系统应用服务技术和方法

全面概要地介绍具有自主知识产权、可业务化运行的海洋渔业遥感、地理信息系统技术应用服务系统的研制技术方法和功能特点。     

基于高分辨率遥感影像的GIS制图与建库一体化研究

目前,GIS制图与GIS建库已成为地图应用的两大研究方向,但其对数据的要求各不相同:GIS制图应用更注重地图的符号化表达、地图的可视化表达,没有保留地物的完整性,导致数据无法满足后期的空间分析、地图服务发布、数据检索等要求;而GIS建库应用虽然保留了地物的完整性,但不符合长期以来的地图制图规范和读者视觉上的要求。为了满足不同的应用要求,产生了数据重复生产、数据冗余、更新困难等一系列问题。为了解决上述问题,本文以城区图的制作为例,提出了一种基于Arc GIS软件的一体化解决方案,通过获取原始数据、GIS数据库设计、自动建立GIS数据库、矢量化、数据处理、数据检查、自动制图等一系列举措实现了一库两用,避免了生产过程中的重复建设。     

遥感与城市地理信息系统

本文简述地矿部在城市遥感方面所做过的工作,提出对城市进行现代化的管理,必须采用先进的地理信息系统技术的建议,并简介了地矿部开展该项工作的优势。     

INTEGRATION OF CARTOGRAPHIC AND REMOTE SENSING METHODS

The history of the joint use of maps and air photos/space imagery in geographic problem solving is examined, as are general problems which must be addressed before more complete consolidation of map use and image interpretation methods will be possible. The relatively new field of geoiconics, encompassing image theory, processing, and interpretation, is proposed as a branch of knowledge promoting the integration of cartography and remote sensing rather than a megafield that will ultimately replace them. Translated from: Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 1985, No. 4, pp. 11-22.     

“3S技术”集成在地震灾害调查与研究中的应用初探

遥感(RS)、全球定位系统(GPS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术在自身进一步发展的同时,正日益朝集成化方向迈进,形成所谓“3S技术”集成。“3S技术”集成,为地震灾害调查和研究提供了新的、极具潜力的技术支持。本文简要分析了“3S技术”在震害调查与研究中的应用现状,并着重从“3S技术”集成的角度,探讨它在未来震害调查与研究中的应用模式及实施方案问题。     

遥感与GIS技术在区域农业地质调查中的应用

较为详细地介绍了遥感与GIS技术在区域生态环境与农业地质研究中的应用。WVS分类（Water, Vegetation and Soil Classification）及地面覆被分类图的编制，为区域性生态环境研究提供了重要的基础资料。在此基础上，结合归一化变换、相关分析与熵的引入，为区域性生态地球化学环境评价提供了定量分析数据。     

INTEGRATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC, REMOTE SENSING AND DATABASE TECHNOLOGIES FOR MAPPING APPLICATIONS

The availability of data in digital formats, the rapid evolution of computer systems and the increased demands for cartographic databases are causing photogrammetrists to consider ways of integrating photogrammetric, remote sensing and database technologies. Examples are presented involving the use of aerial photographs and satellite images in combination with geographical information systems and image processing techniques to assess soil erosion, growth of aquatic vegetation and to enhance satellite images for the compilation or revision of map products.     

GIS在矿产资源开发状况遥感动态监测中的应用

为建立全国性的矿产资源开发状况数据库系统，以山西省晋城市和江西省崇义县矿产资源开发状况遥感动态监测成果为基础 ，通过GIS 强大的空间数据管理功能，对所收集的数据进行管理，建立了具有浏览编辑、查询检索、统计分析及动态监测等特点的空 间数据库系统。本文就建立这一数据库系统的技术方法、设计思路、系统组成和GIS的应用等方面进行了阐述。     

遥感化探信息综合分析在地质找矿中的应用研究

利用适当比例尺的遥感资料对新疆三区林场金化探异常进行了综合解译分析和评价,并圈定了多处金矿(化)体,在遥感与化探相结合进行地质找矿方面取得了明显效果。     

REMOTE SENSING AND THE STUDY OF SIBERIAN MINERAL RESOURCES

The authors outline the general policy governing the use of remote sensing in Siberian mineral exploration—as a tool in the structural-geomorphologic mapping of potential mineral-bearing locations. Such maps are used to infer geologic structure (and endogenous conditions for mineral formation) and the character of contemporary exogenous processes (and conditions of transport and concentration of mineral residues) from geoindicators in surface terrain visible from space. Uses of space imagery in the study of seismic activity and engineering geomorphology are also described. Translated from: Kompleksnyye aerokosmicheskiye Issledovaniya Sibiri, A. L. Yanshin and L. K. Zyat'kova, eds. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1984, pp. 5-14.     

THE MERGER OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOCIETY AND THE REMOTE SENSING SOCIETY

The attempts by A. S. Macdonald in the late 1980s and by J. A. Allan in the mid-1990s to integrate the UK societies and professional organisations within the spatial science field are described. The Photogrammetric Society, noting a long-term decline in its membership, set up an internal working group in 1997 to consider the future of the Society. A lengthy questionnaire to all individual members produced a 57% response and mandatory support for renewed action on greater inter-society cooperation.
A further effort to produce a wide amalgamation of bodies in the UK spatial science field on the Macdonald/Allan models failed for lack of support nationally. As a smaller step, perhaps to be extended later, a merger with the Remote Sensing Society was eventually agreed. The subsequent lengthy and delicate negotiations necessary to bring about a successful merger between these two mature, independently minded learned societies are described. The two societies were formally merged on 1st April 2001.
The author was a member of both the Photogrammetric and the Remote Sensing Societies and chaired the External Affairs Committee of the Photogrammetric Society preceding the merger.     

REMOTE SENSING IN THE MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CHANNELS AND FLOODPLAINS

The first of two papers devoted to the analysis and mapping of river channels and floodplains describes Soviet work in the photogrammetric and cartometric analysis of floodplain morphology based on remote sensing imagery. The emphasis of the present paper is on the creation of digital terrain models for the automated measurement and mapping of floodplain features. Considerable attention is focused upon analysis of indicators of channel and floodplain dynamics (channel deposition, bankside erosion, meanders) appearing on aerial photographs. The results of channel analyses based on aerial photographic and field methods (determinations of channel width, depth, etc.) are compared for a test site. Translated from: Geomorfologiya, 1986, No. 4, pp. 51-57.