一幢钢筋混凝土建筑结构的强地震反应观测

介绍了美国加州强震观测计划（CSMIP）中一幢建筑结构地震反应台阵的观测方案，描述了被观测结构的有关情况，给出了该台阵于1994年美国北岭地震中获得的结构地震反应的观测资料。     

基于强震观测的隔震结构地震反应分析

福建省防灾减灾中心大楼是一栋高约40m,安装有强震观测系统的隔震大楼,目前该结构台阵已记录到30多次地震引起的大楼地震反应。本文利用具有强大非线性功能的ETABS软件建立大楼结构模型,同时考虑隔震结构的楼梯和填充墙对结构地震反应的影响,并利用台阵记录验证大楼结构模型线弹性地震反应的可靠性,说明隔震大楼结构模型能很好地模拟大楼的地震反应过程。在此基础上结合大楼原型动力性能实验的实测参数,以大楼自由场地的三个实际地震记录作为输人,对大楼在中小地震作用下非线性地震反应进行分析,结果表明大楼具有良好的隔震效果。     

隔震及超高层建筑的地震反应观测

2001年5月24日和6月20日分别发生了宜良4.2级和呈南3.6级两次地震，架设在云南省抗震培训中心隔震大楼和昆明佳华广场的结构强震观测台阵记录了这两栋建筑物对这两次地震反应。本介绍了获取的记录，并分析了两栋建筑物的地震反应情况。     

建筑结构地震反应观测系统

建筑结构上获取的地震反应记录有助于促进建筑抗震设计规范的改进,从而减轻地震引起的生命财产损失．本文对建筑结构地震反应观测系统布设的目的进行了简要论述,并就观测系统的构成及测点布设原则作了详细介绍．此外,以防灾楼结构地震反应观测系统作为典型实例进行了介绍．     

中国大陆结构地震反应观测系统布设研究

本文简要介绍了结构地震反应观测研究的意义。并以中国地震局防灾大楼和北京市人大办公大楼结构地震反应观测系统为布设实例,阐述了中国大陆地区结构地震反应观测系统的两种布设方式。对两种方式进行了分析,指出简化布设中存在的问题,并提出了布设原则,用于指导结构地震反应观测系统的布设。     

中国水工结构强震观测

简要回顾了我国水工结构强震观测的历史，介绍了水工结构强震观测的现状、特点和监测技术，以及大坝地震安全报警和强震观测记录的应用，对今后水工结构强震观测工作提出了若干建议。     

建筑结构地震反应观测系统

建筑结构地震反应观测是获取不同建筑结构在地震中的反应状态与特征的有效手段。河北省唐山古冶5.1级地震触发北京地区既有的建筑结构观测台阵,获得了丰富的建筑结构地震反应记录。开展台阵记录的初步分析,确定结构动力放大倍数和仪器烈度分布。分析发现,不同类型结构的动力放大倍数差异较大,钢结构较砌体结构的动力放大倍数更大。震中距较小的台阵的仪器烈度较大,最大达到2.5度。以第十九中学教学楼为例,开展单个观测台阵的地震记录分析,得到结构各楼层的水平向加速度分布,互功率谱分析得到结构振动的卓越频率。初步分析表明,基于观测记录数据分析能得到地震动特性和建筑结构动力特性参数,为了解区域建筑结构特性奠定有效数据基础。     

某框架结构基础隔震地震反应对比分析

基于结构动力学原理和有限元基本理论,利用SAP2000有限元分析软件,以某框架结构基础隔震楼和与其相近的非隔震楼为研究对象分别建立分析模型,运用动力时程分析法对两种模型进行水平地震反应分析。结果表明:基础隔震楼的水平向地震反应远小于非隔震楼,其上部结构的自振周期明显大于非隔震楼,其层间剪力和基底剪力、楼层相对位移和加速度低于非隔震楼。总体来说,隔震支座可以显著降低水平向地震对于结构的不良反应,值得推广应用。     

施甸地震强震观测记录及其初步分析

在2001年4月12日发生的施甸5．9级地震中，依据地震预报意见布设在滇西的短临跟踪临时强震台网获取了该次地震的强地面运动记录，最大加速度峰值达515gal(未校正），获取大于500gal主震记录，这在我国还是首次，对记录的情况作了简要的介绍。     

节能住宅地震反应分析

为研究节能房屋的抗震能力,本文基于墙体试验研究成果,建立了墙体的恢复力模型及其抗震抗剪强度公式,并对内砖外加气混凝土砌块墙体节能房屋进行了地震反应分析.本项研究为节能住宅的推广应用提供了抗震设计依据.     

Seismic response analysis on the stability of running vehicles

The seismometer network of the Japanese expressway system has been enhanced since the 1995 Kobe earthquake. Using earthquake information from the instruments, the expressways are closed if the peak ground acceleration (PGA) is larger than or equal to 80cm/s². The aim of this regulation is to avoid secondary disasters, e.g. cars running into the collapsed sections. However, recent studies on earthquake damage have revealed that expressway structures are not seriously damaged under such‐level of earthquake motion. Hence, we may think of relaxing the regulation of expressway closure. But before doing this, it is necessary to examine the effects of shaking to automobiles since the drivers may encounter difficulties in controlling their vehicles and traffic accidents may occur. In this study, a vehicle was modelled with a six‐degree‐of‐freedom system and its responses were investigated with respect to PGA, peak ground velocity (PGV) and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) seismic intensity using five ground motion records. It was observed that the response of the vehicle shows a larger amplitude for the record that has larger response spectrum in the long period range compared to other records. However, similar response amplitudes of the vehicle were observed for all the records with respect to the JMA seismic intensity. The response characteristics of the vehicle model may be very useful for decision‐making regarding the relaxation of the expressway closure under seismic motion. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic response of tall building considering soil-pile-structure interaction

The seismic behavior of tall buildings can be greatly affected by non-linear soil-pile interaction during strong earthquakes. In this study a 20-storey building is examined as a typical structure supported on a pile foundation for different conditions: (1) rigid base, i.e. no deformation in the foundation: (2) linear soil-pile system; and (3) nonlinear soil-pile system. The effects of pile foundation displacements on the behavior of tall building are investigated, and compared with the behavior of buildings supported on shallow foundation. With a model of non-reflective boundary between the near field and far field, Novak’s method of soil-pile interaction is improved. The computation method for vibration of pile foundations and DYNAN computer program are introduced comprehensively. A series of dynamic experiments have been done on full-scale piles, including single pile and group, linear vibration and nonlinear vibration, to verify the validity of boundary zone model.     

Soil-structure interaction effects on an instrumented building

The paper highlights the use of fem and bi-directional lumped-mass-storey-stiffness numerical models for the study of the soil–structure interaction (ssi) effects on an instrumented building. Data on the structural response have been obtained through the project for seismic instrumentation of a 16-storey r/c cast-in-place dwelling building (Chisinau, Republic of Moldova) during a series of earthquakes (Gutenberg–Richter M _GR = 5.0−6.7). The effect of soil–structure interaction is clearly observed comparing the responses recorded on foundation and free-field. ssi becomes more pronounced for higher level of ground shaking amplifying the natural period of the structure and slightly suppressing high frequences on the foundation in comparison with the free-field motion.     

Shaking table test and dynamic response prediction on an earthquake-damaged RC building

This paper presents the results from shaking table tests of a one-tenth-scale reinforced concrete (RC) building model. The test model is a protype of a building that was seriously damaged during the 1985 Mexico earthquake. The input ground excitation used during the test was from the records obtained near the site of the prototype building during the 1985 and 1995 Mexico earthquakes. The tests showed that the damage pattern of the test model agreed well with that of the prototype building. Analytical prediction of earthquake response has been conducted for the prototype building using a sophisticated 3-D frame model. The input motion used for the dynamic analysis was the shaking table test measurements with similarity transformation. The comparison of the analytical results and the shaking table test results indicates that the response of the RC building to minor and the moderate earthquakes can be predicated well. However, there is difference between the predication and the actual response to the major earthquake.     

Seismic health monitoring of an instrumented multistory building using the interpolation method

In this paper, a new approach to structural damage localization is presented using as damage feature the interpolation error related to the use of a spline function in modeling the operational deformed shapes of the structure. Statistically significant variations of the interpolation error between the undamaged and the inspection phase indicate the onset of damage. A threshold value of the damage feature is defined in terms of the tolerable probability of false alarm to select variations of the interpolation error because of damage from those due to random sources. The method is successfully applied to a calibrated model of the factor building a real densely instrumented building at the University of California, Los Angeles. Results show that the method is effective for damage localization for both single and multiple locations of damage also in case of responses corrupted by noise. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

带裙房高层建筑地震反应控制振动台试验研究

2002年9月在香港理工大学成功地进行了带裙房高层建筑地震反应控制试验研究。设计和制作的结构模型是带3层裙房的12层高楼剪切模型,在裙房顶层与主楼之间安装单MR阻尼器形成MR阻尼器耦联结构模型。MR阻尼器采用美国LORD公司摩擦型MR阻尼器,并且选用其配套产品计算机电流控制器对其进行控制,控制系统采用德国dSPACE公司实时控制系统。对独立主楼、独立裙房和原结构模型的动力特性进行了辨识;对结构模型进行了El Centro地震动作用下的地震反应振动台试验;以作者提出的MR阻尼器半主动逻辑控制算法,对MR阻尼器耦联的结构模型进行了地震反应振动台试验。试验结果表明：用MR阻尼器耦联主楼与裙房,采用半主动逻辑控制方法进行控制,能有效抑制主楼的鞭梢效应并使主楼和裙房的地震反应减小。     

大型支撑框筒结构的非线性地震反应分析

大型支撑框筒结构是巨型桁架体系的主要形式之一。本文对大型支撑框筒结构进行了罕遇地震下的弹塑性时程分析，结果表明，大型斜撑区段端部，即大型斜撑与角柱相交处是大型支撑框筒结构抗震的薄弱环节。总的来说，大型支撑框筒结构的抗震性能优越，是超高层建筑设计中应予优先考虑的一种高效巨型结构体系。     

多塔高层结构隔震设计与分析

结合某多塔高层隔震结构,采用弹性时程分析方法,分析了隔震结构在多遇地震和罕遇地震作用下的响应。主要包括自振周期、层间剪力、倾覆力矩和楼层位移等内容。结果表明,与非隔震情形相比,结构的自振周期明显增大,地震作用得到了较大的衰减。结构在地震作用下的隔震效果明显,楼层剪力及倾覆力矩均得到折减,在罕遇地震作用下隔震效果尤为显著。层间位移主要集中在隔震层,上部结构的层间位移几乎为零。     

基础隔震高层建筑地震响应的理论分析

本文对某高层隔震框架－剪力墙结构的三维地震响应进行了有限元分析计算，对比了隔震结构及其相应非隔震结构的动力特性，给出了在多遇地震和罕遇地震作用下结构的最大层间剪力，层间位移等，得到一些有意义的结论。