区域重力场相对基准的建立

针对地震系统各区域重力网的现状,提出了一种在没有绝对重力测量资料的情况下,利用网区多年积累的观测资料,建立区域重力场相对基准的方法。实验证明,采用该方法建立的区域重力场相对基准,精度优于５０ｎｍ·ｓ－２,不仅有利于地震重力前兆信息的提取,而且能优化和评定区域重力网的质量,标定和检测重力仪参数及其变化。     

重力仪一次项格值系数改正对海南重力场变化影响研究

收集整理海南岛2016~2020年10期流动重力复测资料,采用重力仪共用单位标定的一次项格值系数对各期复测资料进行拟稳平差处理。结果显示,2016-09~2017-05、2017-05~10、2018-05~10期间海南重力场变化异常明显。以2016年第1期仪器的一次项格值系数为基准,采用重力差值法对一次项格值系数进行改正,然后重新进行拟稳平差处理。结果显示,2016年以来海南差分重力场变化较平稳,重力场变化基本在30 μGal以内,此前出现的显著重力场异常已不存在。因此,采用重力差值法改正一次项格值系数可有效降低因一次项格值系数误差产生的重力场变化误差。     

三程测量重力段差的精度估算方法

重力段差是构成重力网的基本元素,又常作为分析重力场的局部变化的依据;故正确估计重力段差的精度是重要的问题。本文针对CG_2型石英弹簧重力仪的特点,建议目前在估算段差值精度时,应顾及段差观测的偶然误差、重力仪格值的测定误差和格值随温度而改变的系统影响等三项因索;并按获得一次最终段差值的可能情况,给出相应的段差值精度估算公式;通过实例验证表明,由公式对段差值的误差估计,是比较合乎实际的。因此,应重视重力仪格值与温度关系的分析研究;目前一些仪器所求得的格值温度系数,已能实用于精度估算公式中。     

CG-5重力仪格值系数对重力数据处理的影响

以南天山重力测网内的3个绝对重力点作为平差基准,利用2015~2016年的流动重力观测资料对两台CG-5重力仪进行实测标定,并对实测标定前后的重力网平差结果进行比较。结果显示,实测标定的格值系数与基线场的标定结果差异较大,利用实测标定值得到的平差精度明显高于标定前,利用带有误差的格值系数进行平差计算会引入额外的系统误差;差分重力变化结果显示,标定后的重力变化量级明显减小。由此表明,利用测网实测数据标定重力仪的格值系数可以有效减弱格值系数误差对平差结果的影响,有利于消除重力场变化结果的虚假信息。     

<2000国家重力基本网>短基线的检定与分析

对《2 0 0 0国家重力基本网》工程短基线进行了复测。经资料处理 ,庐山基线各测站相对重力值精度的平均值为± 0 .0 30 μm·s-2 ,各测段重力差精度的平均值优于± 0 .0 4 2 μm·s-2 ;灵山基线分别为± 0 .0 32 μm·s-2 和± 0 .0 4 5 μm·s-2 ;两条基线最大重力差分别比原来减少 0 .0 8μm·s-2 和增加 0 .0 3μm·s-2 ;新引进的两台重力仪分别在长基线和短基线上标定的一次项系数K1没有显著差异。采用三角多项式模拟LCR -G115 0重力仪的周期误差 ,在短基线上进行了成功的标定 ,并取得显著的改正效果。     

拉科斯特重力仪中长周期格值标定因子的选择

格值函数中高次项不易求准,且其误差积累很快,故应慎重引入;周期项标定误差的间接影响不容忽视,它通过影响其它周期的标定精度间接损害最后结果;振幅误差比和初相位标定中误差以及逐步回归分析可作为因子选择的参考依据。本文推导了有关公式并给出算例给予说明。     

基于重力差方法检测重力仪一次项格值系数变化

根据重复重力测量中重力差与重力仪一次项格值系数的关系,研究了基于重力差变化检测重力仪一次项格值系数变化的方法,并以滇西重力网1989-1996年观测资料为例,计算了 G793、G854两台仪器一次项格值系数的变化结果.实验结果表明,利用该方法计算得到的一次项格值系数变化值精度能满足地震重力测量规范要求,对于重力仪一次项...     

关于LaCoste-Romberg G型重力仪几个问题的探讨

本文讨论了LaCoste-Romberg G型重力仪的弹性系统灵敏度问题、格值非线性问题、周期误差、仪器误差源及测量精度等问题。 文章提出了G型重力仪灵敏度随绝对重力值变化而变化,要使灵敏度稳定必需使主弹簧上端悬挂点和摆旋转轴连线与垂线夹角不变。格值非线性产生于测量杠杆。周期误差主要产生于测量减速箱。由于仪器结构的误差,该仪器的总测量精度在20～35微伽内。     

CG型重力仪格值系数时空变化特征分析北大核心CSCD

对12台CG型重力仪格值系数的时空变化特征进行分析,结果表明,在同一读数范围内不同时间段所标定的格值系数会发生变化,在同一时间段内不同读数范围所标定的格值系数也存在差异。应用实例表明,利用测区内重力基准点间的数据来标定CG型重力仪的格值系数,其精度优于在国家基线场标定格值系数的精度。     

拉科斯特G型重力仪测量精度的统计分析

本文对拉科斯特G型重力仪特性、零漂特征、格值误差、测量精度以及《地震重力重复测量规范》中有关自差互差等问题作了讨论。认为:拉科斯特重力仪具有性能稳定,零漂小,观测精度高的优点,各仪器之间的系统误差不明显,格值误差极小;规范中规定的30×10~(-8)m/s~2自差和3S×10~(-8)m/s~2互差偏大。建议改为20×10~(-8)m/s~2和25×10~(-8)m/s~2为宜。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Influence of livestock soil eutrophication on floral composition in the Pyrenees mountains

Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien     

General Table of Contents(Vol.11,2014)

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介绍GPS定位中的几个概念

文章概略介绍了利用卫星进行定位的原理 ;由卫星信号传播、信号接收和SA政策等引起的理论误差 ;给出了多种快速、高精度定位的工作模式和观测点选择的原则 ;列出了将WGS - 84坐标转换为我国坐标的公式及解算参数的具体方法 ,供读者在GPS工作中参考。