X射线荧光光谱法同时测定石灰石中主次痕量组分

采用熔融玻璃片和粉末压片法制样,选用标准样品,以经验α系数和散射线内标法校正元素谱线重叠干扰和基体效应,用ZSX PrimusⅡX射线荧光光谱仪对石灰石样品中CaO、Na2O、MgO、Al2O3、SiO2、K2O、TFe2O3、P2O5、TiO2、MnO和S等主次痕量组分进行测定,分析结果与标准值和化学值相符,12次测定的相对标准偏差小于10%。     

发射光谱深孔大电极法测定硼、锡、银

以Al2O3、NaF和K2S2O7作为缓冲剂,以Ge为内标,与样品研磨混匀,装入石墨深孔大电极中作为样品电极,石墨电极平头柱形空腔为上电极,样品电极为下电极进行摄谱,由光电译谱仪测定谱线的黑度值。用发射光谱法深孔大电极一次性摄谱,对农业地质样品中硼、锡、银的测定,经过反复实验取得了较好的效果。本法测定了国家一级标准物质,结果与标准值相符。本法灵敏度高,背景浅,能满足多目标地质样品分析的要求。     

X射线荧光光谱同时测定铝土矿石主次量组分

以无水四硼酸锂作熔剂,硝酸铵为氧化剂,碘化钾为脱模剂.在高频熔样机上于1050℃熔融,制成玻璃片,使用标准曲线对谱线重叠干扰和基体效应进行校正,建立XRF测定铝土矿中Fe2O3、SiO2、Al2 O3、CaO、MgO、MnO的分析方法.该方法经标准样品和检测样品外部比对结果验证,其结果准确,可靠,方法快速、简便.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定玻璃中铝钙铁钾镁钠钛硫

通过选择分析谱线、处理样品方法和消除干扰因素等实验,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定玻璃中的Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3、K2O、MgO、Na2O、TiO2和SO3的方法,克服了利用常规化学法测定玻璃中各氧化物步骤繁琐、耗时长、工作量大的不足。方法的回收率为95.0%~103.0%,精密度(RSD,n=10)为0.20%~1.72%。方法具有快速、简便、线性范围宽等优点,分析误差满足常规化学分析法的要求。用于钠钙硅玻璃及其制品的分析,结果令人满意。     

灰尘中主次量元素的X射线荧光光谱分析

采用粉末压片-X射线荧光光谱法对灰尘样品中P、Ti、V、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Rb、Sr、Nb、Cs、Ba、La、Hf、Zr、Pb、Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3、K2O、MgO、Na2O、SiO2等主次量组分进行测定。探讨了谱线校正,使用经验系数法和康普顿散射线作内标校正基体效应。用国家一级标准物质进行验证,测定值与标准值相符。     

发射光谱法测定化探样品中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ag、Sn、Mo和B

以Al2O3、K2S2O7、NaF、C作为缓冲剂与样品混匀,装入石墨电极中,以平头石墨电极为上电极,样品电极为下电极进行摄谱,由光电译谱仪测定谱线的黑度值,以锗为内标用内标法测定样品中Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ag、Sn、Mo和B的质量分数。     

双电极发射光谱法测定水系沉积物中硼锡银

本方法采用双电极摄谱,以K2S2O7,NaF,Al2O3和GeO2为缓冲剂与样品混匀,Ge为内标,电弧发射光谱法测定样品中的硼锡银。测定国家一级标准物质,结果与标准值相符。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定硼硅酸盐玻璃中的硼等常见元素

硼硅酸盐玻璃中的硼、钙、镁、铝、铁、钛、硅等常见元素普遍采用各元素分别测定的方式进行分析,分析效率很低;而且硼的测定普遍采用容量法,当B2O3含量低于1%时,容量法测定误差较大。本文以KOH熔融的方式消解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行分析。通过实验研究了KOH用量和不同称样量对B2O3测定结果的影响。结果表明,KOH用量在3 g以上时有较好的熔样效率和熔样效果,称样量低于0.4 g对B2O3测定结果无明显影响,考虑到其他元素的测定,确定了KOH用量优选3 g,称样量优选0.1 g。在此条件下,测定B2O3等常见元素的精密度(RSD,n=6)≤2%,加标回收率在96.0%~105.6%之间,除Si O2测定误差较大外,其他元素的测定结果均令人满意。本方法确定的B2O3的定量限为0.067%,且对于B2O3最高含量达到16%的测定结果也令人满意,因此可测定B2O3含量的范围至少为0.067%~16%。当样品中的B2O3含量高于4%时,方法准确度和精密度与国家标准分析方法(容量法)相当;当B2O3含量低于1%时,方法准确度和精密度都优于容量法。与现有报道相比,本方法显著拓宽了B2O3的测定范围,并具有良好的准确度,而且在B2O3准确测定的同时,也实现了Ca、Mg、Al、Fe、Ti的定量分析和Si的半定量分析,大大提高了分析效率,可以实现硼硅酸盐玻璃中B2O3等常见元素的准确快速分析。     

X射线荧光光谱仪同时测定红土型镍矿中主次量组份

以无水四硼酸锂作熔剂,硝酸铵为氧化剂,碘化钾为脱模剂,在高频熔样机上于1050℃熔融,制成玻璃片,使用标准曲线对谱线重叠干扰和基体效应进行校正,建立XRF测定红土型镍矿中TFe、SiO2、Al2O3、Cr2O3、MgO、Ni、Co的分析方法,经标准样品和检测样品外部比对结果验证,结果准确,可靠,方法快速、简便。     

X射线衍射K值法测定氧化铁皮中游离α-SiO_2的含量

目前通常采用焦磷酸法和X射线衍射法测定游离α-Si O2的含量,其中焦磷酸法不能消除氧化铁皮中Fe O、Fe3O4和Fe2O3等焦磷酸难溶物质的影响,不适合用于测定氧化铁皮中的游离α-Si O2。本文建立了采用X射线衍射K值法测定氧化铁皮中游离α-Si O2含量的方法。以α-Al2O3作为参考物质,以α-Si O2(101)衍射峰和α-Al2O3(012)衍射峰作为测量谱峰,将α-Si O2和α-Al2O3(质量比1∶1)混合均匀制备成测量K值的试样,获得K值为7.86,应用此值分析已知游离α-Si O2含量的氧化铁皮样品,游离α-Si O2含量的测定值与实际值相符。该方法的测定范围为游离α-Si O2含量≥0.50%,且方便快速,能够满足进口氧化铁皮检验监管的工作需求。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861