Corynespora foveolatum菌孢原生烃类与热解产物烷烃生物标志物特征

以一种类似地层中蠕虫状无孔多胞孢的现代真菌孢子Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｓｐｏｒａ ｊｏｖｅｏｌａｔｕｍ菌孢（竹棒孢）为样品,研究了地层中同类菌孢的原生烷烃生物标志物及其热解生烃特征。实验结果表明,Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｓｐｏｒａ ｆｏｖｅｏｌａｔｕｍ菌孢原生烃类烷烃组分主要由正构烷烃组成,并以ｎＣ２９为主峰碳,ｎＣ２９占正烷烃总量的４２．８％。除含量不高的植烷和姥鲛烷外,几乎不含异烷烃和烯烃,烷基苯和烷基环已烷的含量也     

真菌孢子烷烃生物标志物特征及其热演化试验的初步研究

以一种类似地层中无孔多胞孢的现代真菌链格孢属孢子为样品，研究真菌孢子的原生烃烷烃馏分生物标志物及其热解生烃特征。实验结果表明，真菌孢子样品原生烃类的烷烃馏分，主要由正烷烃、异构烷烃和链烯烃相成。正烷烃约占抽提物总量的０．１８％、ｎＣ１９，烷占正烷烃总量的２４．１％。     

我国主要含煤油气盆地煤系源岩PY－GC热解产物组成及意义

本文运用热解气相色谱（ＰＹ－ＧＣ）技术探讨了我国一些含煤油气盆地中煤系源岩热解产物的组成特征及意义。研究表明，不同盆地煤系源岩热解产物的差异主要表现在Ｃ正构烷烃＋正构烯烃含量和芳环化合物的组成上，利用热解产物Ｃ１—Ｃ５、Ｃ６—Ｃ１４正构烷烃＋正构烯烃和Ｃ正构烷烃＋正构烯烃三个端元组分的相对含量可有效地判识煤系地层源岩有机质的产烃类型，研究表明ＰＹ－ＧＣ技术是一种值得推广的煤成烃评价方法。     

枯划杆菌及其热解物烃类的研究

采用气相色谱和色谱－质谱联用仪对枯草杆菌游离烃类及热解烃类进行了分析。枯草杆菌热解产气率较高，正异构比值较低，乙烷乙烯比值较高。热解作用使氯仿抽提物含量大幅度提高，达热解前的１０．７４倍。枯草杆菌游离烷烃以正烷烃为主，主峰为正二十七烷，碳数分布范围为Ｃ１６－Ｃ３０。     

我国主要含煤油气盆地煤系源岩PY－GC热解产物组成及意义

本文运用热解气相色谱（ＰＹ－ＧＣ）技术探讨了我国一些含煤油气盆地中煤系源岩热解产物的组成特征及意义。研究表明，不同盆地煤系源岩热解产物的差异主要表现在Ｃ+₅正构烷烃＋正构烯烃含量和芳环化合物的组成上，利用热解产物Ｃ₁-Ｃ₅、Ｃ₆-Ｃ₁₄正构烷烃＋正构烯烃和Ｃ+₁₅正构烷烃＋正构烯烃三个端元组分的相对含量可有效地判识煤系地层源岩有机质的产烃类型，研究表明ＰＹ－ＧＣ技术是一种值得推广的煤成烃评价方法。     

煤岩显微组份和全煤热解色谱分析

随着石油勘探的深入和发展，煤和含煤沉积的生油问题，已经越来越引起人们的重视。为此，笔者选择了准噶尔盆地侏罗系富氢组份含量高的煤样和富镜质组的煤岩样品，采用快速热解法，对其显微组份和全煤的热解生烃潜势进行了研究。结果表明:（１）Ｒ_０值为０.３７～０.３９％的未成熟煤岩样品中，壳质组和镜质组在３５０～４５０℃温度区间有最大热解峰面积Ｓ_２。（２）富氢组份含量高的样品中，热解产物以正构烷烃＋正构烯烃为主，其次为芳烃化合物。（３）镜质组或富镜质组的煤岩样品中，Ａ１６００/Ｍｇ值较高时，热解产物在Ｃ_６-Ｃ_１５范围内，某些芳烃化合物成为主峰。（４）惰性组生烃能力最差，在较高温度下，形成含量很低的正构烷烃和烯烃，或在气态烃范畴产生少量烃类，或基本不产生热解产物。（５）随着加热时间的延长或原煤样品演化程度的升高，烯烃含量减少或消失，可能是干酪根转化过程中的残余氢为烯烃的氢化作用提供了氢源，使烯烃转化为烷烃的缘故。     

金湖凹陷阜宁组低熟烃源岩饱和烃组成及其生源探讨

本文应用气相色谱，色谱－质谱和线性同位素质谱分析技术对盆地金湖凹陷下第三系阜宁组阜二段低熟烃源岩和烃组分及单体烃稳定碳同位素组成进行了深入地研究，发现甾烷类－Ｃ２９在饱和烃中含量很高，正构烷烃呈三峰型分布，以ｎＣ２２或ｎＣ２０为主峰。最后根据烃源岩有机显微组分和单体烃碳同位素组成特征认为正构烷烃中低碳数和中等碳数正构烷烃可能主要来源于菌藻类，高碳数大部分可能主要由藻类贡献。     

颗石藻生烃的热模拟实验研究──Ⅰ．烃的产率、性质及烯烃、烷烃的特征

对同一种属但生长在不同环境中的两种颗石藻进行了加热模拟实验，探讨其成烃机理。实验发现，颗石藻含有丰富的石油烃类，加热生成的正构烷烃及类异成二烯烷烃分布与含颗石藻烃源岩相似。对颗石藻生烃的热演化规律研究表明，氯仿沥青大量产生及烃类组成发生较大变化的实验温度区间为２００～３００℃，此阶段产物相当于镜质体反射率Ｒ０为０．３５～０．５５的含颗石藻烃的源岩，为低成熟原油生成阶段。本文还研究了颗石藻热模拟产物中植烯类化合物和Ｃ＿（２０－）、Ｃ＿（２２－）类胡萝卜烷等类异成二烯烃随温度的变化，并检测出一种推测为Ｃ＿（２２－）二甲基－烷基环己烷的化合物。     

孢粉生烃热模拟试验研究—Ⅱ：蕨类孢子烷烃组分生物标志物分布

本文研究了长尾复叶耳蕨孢子原生烃类及其热演化试验产烃的烷烃生物标志物分布特征。结果表明蕨类孢子生烃在未成熟－成熟阶段以高碳烃烃类为主，在高－过成熟阶段以低碳烃烃类为主。     

贵州三都早奥陶世同高组下燕高页岩段的生物标志化合物

本文着重报道了贵州三都早奥陶世同高组下燕高页岩段生物标志化合物特征，首次在采自该层位的样品中检出丰富的正烷烃、链状类异戊二烯烷烃、萜类化合物及甾类化合物。测试结果显示:正烷烃图谱呈双驼峰形，碳数分布为ｎＣ_１５～ｎＣ_３５，以ｎＣ_１８为主峰碳，ｎＣ_２９为次主峰碳，Ｃ－_２１/Ｃ＋_２２为０.７７～１.０２，ＯＥＰ为０.９４～１.０４；植烷占优势，Ｐｒ/Ｐｈ为０.４０～０.４６；藿烷碳数为Ｃ_２７～Ｃ_３５，以Ｃ_３０占优势，Ｃ_２７＋Ｃ_２９＜Ｃ＋_３１；仅见碳数分布为Ｃ_２０～Ｃ_２９的长链三环二萜烷，以Ｃ_２８为主峰碳；甾烷丰度顺序为Ｃ_２９甾烷＞Ｃ_２７甾烷＞Ｃ_２８甾烷，同时检出了孕甾烷和４－甲基甾烷。生物标志化合物显示出还原环境特点，且可能主要来自藻类。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861