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在地震预报的实践中经常会遇到下面的情况,即如何估计经过了一定的预报时间后尚未发生预期地震的条件下余下的预测报时段内发生预期地震的信度问题。文中结合地震发生是个小概率事件这一特点,运用MYCIN模型推得了估计这一个度的实用公式,同时不对所遇到的其它几个不精确推理问题进行了论述。 相似文献
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一次较成功的中期地震概率预测实例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1988年底依据地震活动性资料,运用MYCIN不精确推理方法,提出了1989年及稍长时间的中国大陆中期地震趋势预测概率图,这是一次较成功的中期地震概率预测实例。 相似文献
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10年尺度强震危险区的不精确推理预测方法讨论 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
由于现行预测方法的局限性及所使用的资料不精确、知识不完备、概念的模糊及地震发生的随机性,预测的结果具有相当的不确定性。10a尺度强震危险区的预测,是依据不同尺度多种预测方法的结果,以MYCIN不精确推理方法得出预测的危险区及信度。研究表明这是一条可行的,合理的预测。 相似文献
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地震活动性的分形及地震预报科索波科夫V,马泽科诺夫S(莫斯科科学院地球物理及地震预报理论国际研究所,莫斯科)FRACTALITYOFSEISMICITYANDITSAPPLICATIONINEARTHQUAKEPREDICTION¥Kossoboko... 相似文献
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NUMERICALSIMULATIONOFINUNDATIONINSHENZHENCITYBYFINTEDIFFERENCEMODELMIXEDWITH1DAND2DUNSTEADYFLOW¥CHENGXiaotao;andQIUJinwei(Sen... 相似文献
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F.A.O. Otieno 《国际泥沙研究》1996,(3)
MASINGARESERVOIRINKENYA:SEDIMENTDISCHARGEANDIMPLICATIONSFORITSCAPACITY¥F.A.O.Otieno(SeniorLecturerinCivilEngineering,Universi... 相似文献
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THERIVERCHANNELADJUSTMENTASINFLUENCEDBYTHEFLOODPLAINGEOECOSYSTEM:ANEXAMPLEFROMTHEHONGSHANRESERVOIR¥XUJiongxin;SHIChangxing(Pr... 相似文献
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Body waveform inversion for the source process of the February 3,1996 Lijiang,Yunnan earthquake 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BodywaveforminversionforthesourceprocesoftheFebruary3,1996Lijiang,YunnanearthquakeYANGXU1)(徐扬)MASAYUKIKIKUCHI2)(菊地正幸)YOU-JIN... 相似文献
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scattering and refracting of plane strain wave by a cylindrical inclusion in fluidsaturated soils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ScateringandrefractingofplanestrainwavebyacylindricalinclusioninfluidsaturatedsoilsYAYUANHU(胡亚元)LIZHONGWANG(王立忠)YUNMINCH... 相似文献
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本文从我国的地震预报科学水平出发,综合几个无震虚报和有震漏报的实例,分析了一次预报变成社会行动所需付出的代价,并与地震造成的经济损失进行了对比.由此提出要全面评价地震灾害及其预报的社会经济影响. 文中根据我国几次地震所造成经济损失的资料,绘制了地震震级与经济损失关系的曲线以及预报造成损失的曲线,并引进地震代价指数进行了讨论.文章认为,为了切实有效地减少人员伤亡和经济损失,地震预报的发布,对不同震级应有所区分,地震预报的震级应有一下限,依目前地震预报的水平,六级以下地震不宜向社会发布预报,相应地应加强抗震措施。 相似文献
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Gao Wenxue Gao QinhuaState Seismological Bureau Beijing China Institute of Geology SSB Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1995,(2)
This paper is a review on earthquake prediction and forecast research,progress in earthquake prediction work and pre-estimation of earthquake hazard degree in China in recent years.It indicates that China is the first country,the government of which has promoted and organized the state administration department on reduction of seismic hazards and ensured the socialization of earthquake prediction and forecast in the world.A program of earthquake prevention and protection and hazard reduction based on the results of research on earthquake occurrence regularities and prediction of earthquake preparation trend has been completed,and hence the socialization of results of earthquake prediction and forecast research can be expected to be in practice.The practical seismological works in last 20 years indicate that the earthquakes are not considered to be unpredictable,but it is a challenge remaining to be accepted.We are willing to cooperate with all friends who are engaged in earthquake prediction and forecas 相似文献
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Craig A. Davis 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(11):1989-2010
The purpose of using loss functions for earthquake prediction and disaster preparedness is to minimize expected costs when destructive earthquakes occur. This study focuses on developing a greater understanding of the interrelation between earthquake prediction characteristics and economic parameters. Equations for estimating economic losses and optimizing both earthquake prediction and disaster preparedness are presented in different dimensional forms to improve the understanding of parametric relationships between prediction and preparedness. The equations expand upon previously presented loss functions by explicitly considering loss as a function of both time and space and the cost parameters are clearly described to allow for practical application. Derivations reveal the close relationship between the loss function in terms of earthquake prediction characteristics and the benefit-cost analysis commonly used for disaster preparedness. An optimal preparedness scheme is presented based on a concept of unpreventable damage in extreme events and is shown to be a function of the level of damage prevented by taking action in response to an earthquake prediction. The formulations show that alarm durations are optimal relative to the type and time to implement different actions and the alarm area is optimal relative to the potential earthquake size and related geohazards. The presentation shows that earthquake prediction need not be constrained at a point in space to be useful for disaster preparedness and that mitigation activity is more economically feasible the smaller the area of prediction is with respect to the potential earthquake source size. Examples are used to show how loss functions can be utilized to determine if an algorithm may be useful to implement into practice and how earthquake prediction strategies can be implemented in coordination with other risk reduction strategies to make cost effective mitigations. Optimized earthquake prediction algorithms will greatly aid disaster managers and decision makers in their preparations once a prediction is made. The loss functions help to develop a greater understanding between earthquake prediction research and disaster preparedness implementation, allowing for future improvements in earthquake disaster prevention. 相似文献
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推进监测预报体系建设,提高地震预测预报水平 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阴朝民 《地震地磁观测与研究》2003,24(5):1-6
对监测预报工作的地位和作用进行了深入的阐述,分析总结了监测预报工作取得的进展以及存在的问题,提出了未来监测预报体系建设的指导思想和总体目标。并对进一步加强监测预报体系建设,提高预测预报水平各环节的工作进行了详细的论述。 相似文献
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帕克菲尔德地震预报实验场:2004年6级地震及其对地震物理和地震预测研究的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了美国中加州帕克菲尔德(Parkfield)地震预报实验场的建设、运行和试验场工作期间发生的2004年6级地震的情况.着重阐述了在实验场20多年的地震预测研究中遇到的一系列科学同题以及一些新的认识.这些科学认识包括:对活动构造破裂分段的研究是地震长期预测的基础;无震滑动是地震预测中的一大难点和障碍;地震复发模型具有的相当大的不确定性且在预测应用上有很大的局限性;地震前兆的复杂性、差异性及其对地震预测中常用原则--前兆异常重现性和相似性的挑战等.这些认识对地震预测研究与实验场建设有一定的启示意义. 相似文献
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自1970年四川大邑6.2级地震后,我省开展了水化城震预报的探索。经过20多年的实践和研究,积累了大量的水化观测资料和几十闪中强以上地震的成功与失败的预报经验和教训。水化地震预报思路经过了单个异常对应及预报地震、中多项异常对应及预报地震和“八五”攻关的从异常群体的演变过程提取前兆信息对应及预报地震几个阶段。本文简要回顾了水化地震预报思路的发展过程,列举了各阶段水化异常对应及预报地震的典型震例。针对 相似文献
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地震预报科学发展需要新思维和新的观测手段 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对地震预报现状的分析,认为传统的地震预报思路仍是目前经验性地震预报所依托的。但是要想从质上提高地震预报水平,使地震预报水平上一个大的台阶,必须引入新的思维和新的观测手段。新思维常常产生于新的观测结果中和隐含于失败的地震预报教训中。地震科学是一门依赖于观测的科学,新的观测手段和新的研究思路在地震预报的科学发展中将起到重要的或决定性的作用。 相似文献
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