攀枝花层状基性侵入体氧同位素初步研究

攀枝花层状辉长岩侵入体,自下而上可分为四个岩带。各种样品的δ18O值: 8个全岩样品中的6个为 6.27— 6.91‰;23个钛磁铁矿中的19个为 1.28— 2.39‰;21个斜长石中的12个为 6.18— 7.60‰。氧同位素特征表明,岩体源自上地幔。Ⅰ岩带氧同位素平衡温度较低455℃—730℃,可能是成岩后叠加地质作用影响的结果;Ⅱ岩带856—1045℃;Ⅲ岩带652—740℃;Ⅳ岩带62 1.—871℃。     

滇西剑川新生代富碱岩浆岩Li同位素地球化学特征及其对岩浆源区的制约

对滇西地区金沙江—红河富碱岩浆岩带内发育的剑川、玉召块和老君山岩体进行了岩相学、全岩主量、微量元素和Li同位素组成分析。结果显示，3个岩体都富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),具有弱Eu元素异常。上述3个岩体的δ⁷Li值分别为0.70‰～6.48‰、0.50‰～5.89‰、3.73‰～4.28‰。结合前人的研究结果，认为玉召块岩体具有埃达克质特征，来源于增厚下地壳的部分熔融，在成岩过程中有少量的铁镁质岩浆注入，并在岩浆上升过程中混染了中上地壳物质，剑川和老君山岩体则是交代富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的岩浆持续分异产物。     

中亚造山带东南缘三叠纪解放营子岩体全岩Sr?Nd?Li同位素特征及成因

中亚造山带东南缘三叠纪花岗岩类型多样且成因复杂,为研究其物源及形成背景,本文选取解放营子岩体不同位置的二长花岗岩、片麻状似斑状花岗岩和闪长玢岩,并对其进行全岩地球化学、锆石年代学及全岩Sr-Nd-Li同位素分析.锆石U-Pb年代学结果显示解放营子岩体不同类型的岩石均形成于晚三叠世（234~226 Ma）.地球化学特征表明岩体为经历不同程度结晶分异作用的I型花岗岩.略负到正的?_Nd（t）值（-3.9~+1.5）指示它们主要来源于新生地壳,且源区有不同程度古老地壳物质的加入.为了进一步示踪再循环物质对岩浆源区的贡献,本文首次报到了该地区岩体的全岩Li同位素特征,δ7Li值变化范围为+1.1~+6.6‰,平均值为+3.37‰,接近上地幔平均值,表明有显著幔源组分的贡献.结合区域地质特征,晚三叠世解放营子岩体为未明显受再循环物质作用的幔源组分在造山后伸展背景下发生部分熔融形成,且岩浆源区有古老陆壳组分的加入.      

中国南极球粒陨石的高精度钾同位素研究

钾和其他中等挥发性元素亏损是类地行星普遍的全岩化学成分特征之一,能用来示踪不同的亏损过程。球粒陨石是组成行星的前体物质,研究球粒陨石中钾同位素的亏损和分异机制,对于太阳系物质或行星的起源、形成和演化具有十分重要的意义。本文利用近年来发展的高精度钾同位素分析技术,测试了14个中国南极陨石以及6个目击型陨石(Murchison、Allende、Ningqiang、Tagish Lake、Xinyang和Banma)的全岩钾同位素组成。结果显示,21个碳质球粒陨石全岩δ⁴¹K值分布范围为-0.62‰±0.05‰至0.37‰±0.08‰,平均值为-0.32‰±0.24‰(2SD),比全岩硅酸盐地球(BSE)稍重。18个普通球粒陨石全岩数据(如果异常值GRV 021603除外)的δ⁴¹K值分布范围为-1.02‰±0.05‰到-0.61‰±0.02‰,平均δ⁴¹K值为-0.81‰±0.15‰(2SD),比全岩硅酸盐地球稍轻。2个目击型陨石Murchison(CM2型)和Allende(CV3型),呈现较大的内部钾同位素差异(分别为0...     

甘肃北山白山堂矿区流纹斑岩的U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,甘肃北山南部白山堂矿区流纹斑岩的形成年龄为374.9±2.3Ma(MSWD=1.5)。地球化学特征显示流纹斑岩呈钙碱性、过铝质,具高硅(70%～74%)、高钾(4.34%～8.75%)和低钙(0.13%～1.16%)含量特点,铝饱和指数A/CNK为1.12～1.65,稀土配分曲线上表现为左高右低,负Eu异常明显,大离子亲石元素相对富集,Nb,Ta,Sr,P,Ti亏损。结合前人Sr-Nd同位素分析认为,该岩体起源于古老的地壳物质部分熔融。非常低Sr、高Yb的特征表明岩体形成时的压力较低,深度较浅,全岩锆石饱和温度约为750℃。结合区域地质分析认为,该岩体与北山南部柳园埃达克岩、墩墩山地区岛弧火山岩具有一致的成岩年龄,形成于陆缘火山弧环境。     

闽北麻源群Sm—Nd,Rb—Sr同位素年龄研究

福建北部元古代麻源群地层发育,对其中7个变质岩和2个白云母花岗岩样品进行了Sm-Nd及Rb-Sr同位素年龄研究。7个样品的Sm-Nd同位素全岩等时线年龄为2116±22(2δ)Ma,INd=0.51027±2(2δ),εNd(t)=7.29±0.17。6个样品的Rb-Sr同位素全岩等时线年龄为375±28(2δ)M,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.707±34(2δ).2116Ma的年龄值代表麻源群原岩的成岩年龄,375Ma年龄值代表麻源群的变质年龄。     

湘东北七宝山铜多金属矿床成矿时代及成矿物质来源——石英脉Rb-Sr定年和S-Pb同位素组成

湘东北七宝山铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带西段,是湘东北规模最大的铜多金属矿床。对七宝山矿床含矿石英脉中的石英矿物进行Rb-Sr同位素年龄测定,获得的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为153.4±2.0Ma(MSWD=1.8),~(87)Sr~(86)Sr初始值为0.71849±0.00026,与区内石英斑岩形成年龄(153~155Ma)相同,说明七宝山铜多金属矿床成因与石英斑岩体密不可分,成岩成矿年龄均在燕山期。为分析七宝山矿床成矿物质来源,对矿区内的黄铁矿进行了S、Pb同位素分析,矿石δ~(34)S为3.24‰~4.84‰,平均值为4.198‰;岩体δ~(34)S为2.22‰~3.86‰,平均值为2.805‰。δ~(34)S值总体变化较小,岩体δ~(34)S值较矿石小,更趋近于0值,说明岩体中硫极可能源于地幔;而矿床中硫来源于主体地幔硫和少量地壳硫混熔的混合硫源。Pb同位素变化范围也较小,矿石206Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为18.315~18.396,平均值为18.359;~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为15.629~15.737,平均值为15.675;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为38.376~38.856,平均值为38.609。矿化岩体数值与之相似,结果显示,七宝山铜多金属矿床的Pb同位素组成具有下地壳富钍(铅)贫铀(铅)的特点。据此提出,矿床的成矿物质主要来自与含矿斑岩体有联系的深部岩浆分异演化而析出的含矿气-液流体。含矿斑岩体定位-结晶时,通过对周围受热地下水的对流循环作用,可以从围岩中萃取少量成矿物质加入成矿作用。     

湖南铜山岭矿区花岗闪长岩岩石成因:岩石地球化学、U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素制约

铜山岭矿区位于南岭西段,铜铅锌矿体主要围绕Ⅰ号岩体分布。通过岩石地球化学特征研究揭示岩体为准铝质弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗闪长岩系列,轻重稀土元素分异强烈,多数投点落入Ⅰ型花岗岩区,少数点落入S型区。微量元素判别图反映构造环境为火山弧和同碰撞环境。岩体La-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄(Ⅰ号成岩年龄为166.64 Ma±0.40Ma,Ⅲ号成岩年龄为148.30Ma±0.35 Ma)和Hf同位素特征(Ⅰ号岩体εHf(t)在-15.86～-22.67之间,Ⅲ号岩体εHf(t)在-10.09～-11.00之间);Ⅰ号岩体可能混入新生地壳物质,而Ⅲ号岩体源区仅是壳源。两个岩体的Hf同位素模式年龄也不相同,Ⅰ,Ⅲ号岩体两阶段模式年龄分别为2 220Ma～2 647Ma和1 841Ma～1 898Ma,反映Ⅰ号岩体源区物质时代为太古至早元古代,而Ⅲ号岩体源区时代为早元古代。综上所述,Ⅰ号岩体是以古老地壳物质为主体混入新生地壳物质形成岩浆源区而熔融形成的,形成时代是在166Ma;Ⅲ岩体,是由于150Ma前后早期挤压增厚的下地壳发生熔融而形成的。     

陈家庄岩体罗辛型铀矿化特征及成因

本文通过对陈家庄岩体的野外地质观察及Rb-Sr同位素体系(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比为0.7130,等时线年龄为378Ma)、氧同位素(δ~(18)O为12.72‰)、稀土元素(∑REE为370ppm左右,δEu为0.14—0.67),以及钾长石结构状态(t_1=0.93—0.98,t_(10)=0.90—0.97)的研究,得出陈家庄岩体是一个岩浆侵入的改造型花岗岩,原岩物质主要来自大陆碎屑沉积物,而中基性火山岩的混入并不占重要地位。铀矿化主要呈浸染状产于岩体内。唯一的矿石矿物为晶质铀矿。通过铀铅同位素体系研究发现,矿化年龄在407Ma左右,与Rb-Sr全岩等时线年龄接近。结合镜下研究认为,这是一种岩体型铀矿化,也即罗辛型铀矿化。     

新疆北天山东段花岗岩类地球化学特征

本区花岗岩类位于北天山地向斜褶皱带。岩体侵入于石炭纪海相火山-沉积岩系中,呈同期多次侵入的中基性-酸性复式岩体。依据Rb-Sr全岩等时线其年龄为315.7Ma,属于海西中期。SiO_2含量48—78％,钙碱指数为60,硅碱指数ρ为2.2—2.4和σ为1.5—2。稀土元素从基性到酸性,总量从38 ppm增到143ppm,δEu为0.47—0.86,为负铕异常,各岩类标准化曲线相似性很好。上述情况结合微量元素特点,本区为岛弧-陆缘型的钙碱性系列的侵入体。δ~(18)O为5.8—8.9‰,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始值为0.705。岩体物质由上地幔顶部和下地壳岩浆混合组成,可能是同源分异演化的产物。具Ⅰ型花岗岩特征。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861