400℃Cu—Bi—Te三元系及相平衡关系

利用干法真空石英玻璃管合成实验方法成功地构筑了Cu-Bi-Te三元系400℃时的相平衡图。在此实验温度条件下，该相图中除了存在着8个已知的矿物相、1个合成的Bi-Te二元相和2个液相共熔区外，同时还存在着一个新的Cu-Te二元相Cu9Te5以及两个Cu-Bi-Te三元相CuBiTe和Cu3BiTe3。     

五元素[Ag—Bi—Ni—Co—As(U)]建造银矿石特征

银—铋—镍—钴—砷(铀)五元素矿石主要产于德国的Joahanngeorgenstadt等一些地区,其他产地有匈牙利、瑞士、加拿大、美国、南非、墨西哥、法国等地。其中以加拿大安大略省的科博尔特—古甘达(Cobalt—Gowganda)地区最著名,研究得也比较详细。该矿床于十九世纪发现,含Ag从20(地表)到685(地下)g/t,平均130—230g/t。地表矿脉最富的矿石含自然银块体重达726kg,是北美最富的矿石。矿     

姚安金矿床中一组含Fe—Cu—Pb—Bi—S的硫盐矿物初探

姚安金矿是近年来发现的与斑岩有关的矿床,通过云南第一地质大队和成都地质学院合作的近期研究,发现一组(4个)含Fe-Cu-Pb-Bi-S不同组分的硫盐矿物,在未能确定是新矿物前,暂以“可疑矿物”称之。由于硫盐矿物的颗粒细微,多相互嵌生,暂不能取样做X光粉晶分析等,现在还未能确定是否是新矿物。为了及时交流这一信息,笔者写本文作介绍和讨论,以引起地质同行们的重视。像这样在一个矿床里发现4个硫盐可疑矿物的先例还较少见,表明我国云南地区的矿床矿物学有着广阔的研究前景。     

原子荧光光谱法测定地质样品中As、Sb、Bi、Hg——需要注意的问题及解决方法

通过总结实际工作及查阅文献,分析了样品制备、酸度、硼氢化钾浓度对As、Sb、Bi、Hg测定的准确性及灵敏度的影响,确定了仪器测定过程中负高压、载气流量、原子化器高度及温度、元素干扰对测定结果的影响,并总结了在日常测定过程中仪器故障排除、测量误差的控制及测量过程中潜在的问题及解决方法.     

Mineral Association and Mineralogical Criteria for the Formation Conditions of A B—F—Sn—Bi Skarn in Damoshan,Gejiu Tin Field,Sothwest China

The Damoshan deposit is a small B-F-Sn Bi exoskarn deposit and contains a distinctive mineral assemblage comprising andradite,vesuvianite,calcite,diopside,magnetite,hematite,nordenskioldine,cassiterite,varlamoffite,schenfliesite,native bismuth,eulytite,bismite and bismuthite,in which the occurrence of eulytite is the first reported in China.Textures of the mineral paragenses show that andradite,vesuvianite and diopside were the earliest phases formed during metasomatism,i.e.,the skarn forming stage.Then nordenskioldine,magnetite and native bismuth,perhaps together with eulytite,were precipitated at the stage of retrograde alteration.The minerals varlamoffite,schoenfliesite,hematite ,bismite and bismuthite were probably the product of supergene alteration.The minerals were analyzed by means of electron microprobe.The data on the ,coexisting phases and their compositons show that during the metasomatism reduced F-and Sn-rich primary mineralizing solutions reacted with highly oxidized carbonated of the Gejie Formation,producing a high Fe^2 /Fe^3 skarn(vesuvianite-fluorite skarn)near the contact of granite,and a low Fe^2 /Fe^3 skarn(vesuvianite-fluorite skarn)near the contact of granite,and a low Fe^2 /Fe^3 skarn(andradite skarn)in the outer zone of the skarn body in which andradite is extremely tin-bearing up to 5.14 wt% SnO2),In the retrograde alteration stage ,B-rich,but F-and Si-deficient mineralizing solutions replaced the tin-bearing andradite,forming an association of nordenskioldine and magnetite,No sulphides were deposited at this stage because of the oxidization ambient conditions in the andradite skarn.In the spergene oxidation zone,the nordenskioldine was dissolved into varlmoffite and calcite,the native bismuth was transformed into bismite or bismuthite ,and the magnetite was altered into hematite under the action of the CO2-rich supergene solutions.     

Bi6Te2Mo2o21—A New Artificial Crystal and Its Growth Method and Physical Properties

E.M.Levin,R,Kohlmuller et al.^[1]have reported the phase diagrams of the Bi2O3-TeO2 and Bi2O3-MoO3 binary oxide systems.This paper is intended to describe a new phase named chilunited-Bi6Te2Mo2O21 in the Chilu molybdenium ore deposit at Anxian County,Fujian Province.Because of small-sized mineral grans(-10μm),it is difficult to determine the crystal structure and physical properties of the mineral.According to its composition,we have successfully synthesized this new mineral using the fusion method.The synthesized single crystal,up to 700×300×300μm^3(0.063mm^3)in size,has been studied in great detail on its compositional and structural characteristics as well as physical properties.     

玲珑金矿大开头矿区Bi特征及指示意义

在金矿床中,金、铋常常相伴产出,在金矿体周围存在明显的铋异常,它可作为重要的指示元素。笔者研究了玲珑金矿不同岩石中铋与金含量之间的关系,比较了基岩地球化学剖面中两元素的相关性,采用电子探针分析了主要矿石矿物中铋和金的含量,发现不同类型岩石中铋含量差异明显,铋在矿体中含量远高于围岩,在矿区中铋与金呈幂函数正相关,铋原生晕规模大、衬度高,与金都是以独立矿物相形式存在。在玲珑金矿化探找矿中,铋含量高,与金呈较好的正相关关系,是最佳指示元素之一。     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定化探样品中的Bi和Se

应用氢化物-原子荧光光谱法同时测定化探样品中的Bi和Se,用1:1王水处理样品,在10%的盐酸介质中测定Bi、Se,其检出限分别为0.0005μg/mL和0.0002μg/mL.本方法具有一次熔矿便可以同时测定Bi、Se的含量,且具操作简单、快速、基体干扰少、灵敏度高、其结果稳定、可靠、节省试剂等特点,适用于大批化探样品中Bi、Se同时联测.     

ICP-AES光谱法测定铅锌矿石中Cu Pb Zn As Bi

铅锌矿经王水分解处理,标准溶液中配入与样品组分相匹配的标准物质,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法可稳定、准确地测定矿石中铜、铅、锌、砷、铋。     

未定名矿物(Bi38CrO60)的矿物学研究

人工合成立方晶体Bi38CrO60在自然界首次发现于中国陕西省洛南县驾鹿金矿床中,暂称之为未定名矿物.其共生和伴生矿物有黄铁矿、自然金、碲金矿、含氧金矿物等.常呈不规则粒状集合体,偶见立方体微晶(粒径小于0.05 mm),棕黑色,金属光泽;HV=232.78 kg/mm2 ,HM=4.15;D=14.10(3)g/cm3,Dx=14.08(2)g/cm3,n=3.14(3).EPM8100探针分析Bi2O3为98.854%、CrO3为1.111%,合计99.965%,化学式为Bi38.009Cr0.995O60;CAMEBAX-SX51探针分析Bi2O3为98.862%,CrO3为1.112%,合计99.974%,化学式为Bi38.008Cr0.996O60.均可写为Bi38CrO60.X射线粉晶分析主要强度线d(I)(hkl)分别为0.321 5(100),(310);0.272 11(72),(321);0.171 45(40),(530);0.169 6(30),(600);0.165 1(30),(611);0.160 8(30),(620);0.294 11(25),(222);0.359 6(22),(220);0.217 1(20),(332);0.150 3(20),(631),等轴晶系,可能的空间群为Im3m;a=1.018 1(1)nm,c/a=1,晶胞体积v=1.055 29(1)nm3,z=1.1-Kp/Kc=0.019.Cr6 ,Bi3 ,O2-.未定名矿物和人工晶体的化学成分与X射线粉晶数据基本一致.     

原子荧光光谱法直接连续测定化探样品中的As Sb Bi Hg

研究了还原性介质中原子荧光光谱法直接连续测定化探样品中Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｈｇ的方法。按拟定的条件进行测定,各元素的检出限分别为Ａｓ２．９×１０－９、Ｓｂ１．３×１０－１０、Ｂｉ１．８×１０－１０、Ｈｇ５×１０－１１。应用于区域化探扫面工作中,效果良好。     

岩石中亚ppm级Sn及Bi Ge TI的直接光谱测定法

在矿床地质研究中,为了探查岩石和造岩矿物中锡的分布,要求分析方法的测定下限必须低于它的克拉克含量(0.5ppm)。目前,为解决地质上的这些分析任务,应用最广泛的是发射光谱法。但其测定下限一般仅为1ppm,少数达0.Xppm,尚不能完全满足分析要求。本文利用电极中的热化学反应—碘化反应,以NH_4I和LiI作为反应剂,使岩石中锡的直接测定下限降低到0.05ppm。方法还可同时测定Bi、Tl(0.1ppm)和Ge(0.3ppm)。重复测定的相对标准偏差为:Sn 15.6％;Bi14.0％;Tl11.3％;Ge14.8％。     

在线双管氢化AAS测定As,Sb和Bi的最佳条件

在线双管氢化AAS法是一种新的原子吸收氢化光谱法 ,具有简便、快速、灵敏度高和硼氢化钾用量少的优点。采用正交试验设计法对在线双管氢化AAS法测定低含量As、Sb和Bi的测定条件进行了系统的研究 ,确定了乙炔流量、燃烧器高度、硼氢化钾浓度和溶液酸度的最佳测定条件。在最佳条件下对实际样品土壤GSS -5、水系沉积物GSD -11、钨矿石GSO -W -1和GSO -W -2中As ,Sb ,Bi的含量进行了测定 ,测定的结果较准确 ,RSD <3 .2 6%。     

Estimation of uranium from multichannel spectra in airborne gamma ray spectrometry using 1.12 MeV and 1.76 MeV photopeaks of 214Bi — An application to Cuddapah Basin

Present study examines the utility of gamma rays of energies 1.12 MeV and 1.76 MeV of uranium in estimation of uranium in airborne gamma ray spectrometric survey (AGRS) in comparison to the conventional 1.76 MeV alone used world wide. As a case study, the AGRS data of northern part of Cuddapah Basin is considered. Multi-channel processing is applied on this dataset to reduce the spectral noise and use of combined 1.12 MeV and 1.76 MeV has reduced the Poisson’s related statistical error. Uranium is estimated using above two energies individually and in combination, using multi-channel processing followed by standard corrections procedure. Result indicates that a combination of both energies has given best estimation due to a reduction in overall noise which helped in demarcating geological entities and litho-contacts. This indicates the efficacy of this technique which improved the radio-geochemistry of study area in understanding the radio-elemental variation.