考虑蠕变特性的斜坡堤软土地基变形数值分析

目前在防波堤设计和施工中,较少考虑软粘土的蠕变特性对软土地基长期变形的影响.为准确预测斜坡堤软土地基的变形水平,研究采用Plaxis二维有限元程序,利用不考虑蠕变的摩尔-库仑模型和能反映土体时间效应的软土蠕变模型,模拟某斜坡堤地基软土层施工期和工后的地基变形过程,对比分析了两种不同模型的计算结果,表明由软土蠕变模型得到...     

进港航道水下地形的空间监测分析

阐述了利用水下地形测量数据对进港航道水下地形进行空间监测分析的方法,及其对制定航道水深监测周期的意义,主要介绍了等高线图示法、三维图示法和断面图示法及其应用。     

PS-InSAR与DS-InSAR监测城市地面沉降的精度检验与分析

为检验PS-InSAR和DS-InSAR监测技术的可靠性,利用覆盖上虞区的23景Sentinel-1影像,分别采用PS-InSAR和DS-InSAR技术进行数据处理,获得了两组上虞区的地表沉降信息,并用上虞区的二等水准监测数据进行精度检验与分析。研究结果表明,二等水准测量与PS-InSAR和DS-InSAR结果的互差主要分布在-5~+5mm/年范围内,说明PS-InSAR和DS-InSAR监测地面沉降结果可靠。     

港珠澳大桥岛隧工程施工海域潮汐调和分析与预报

对港珠澳大桥岛隧工程施工海域2013年的潮汐观测资料进行调和分析,发现该海域潮汐特征为不正规半日潮,以M2分潮为主,其次为K1、O1、S2和P1等分潮;利用调和常数做预报时,分潮个数的选择会在一定程度上影响预报精度。结果表明:分潮由5个增加至25个可以明显改进预报效果,再增加几乎没有改进。选用25个分潮建立调和预报模型预报2014—2016年的潮位,同时对2012年的潮位做了回报,并与实测潮位进行对比。检验结果表明预报潮位与实测潮位趋势一致,大小基本吻合,3 a平均的均方根误差为0.16 m,可以作为施工潮位窗口的选择依据。对调和预报误差的进一步分析表明,误差主要来源于径流和风的影响,台风带来的风暴增水可以达到1.33 m。     

测距仪倾斜引起的误差分析与改正

重点研究积木式全站仪在大垂直角测距中由于测距仪中心与经纬仪中心不一致而引起的测距误差,针对这些误差的来源及特征,制定出相应的修正措施,从而达到提高测距精度的目的。     

Reinforcement and Arching Effect of Geogrid-Reinforced and Pile-Supported Embankment on Marine Soft Ground

The effectiveness of constructing a geogrid-reinforced and pile supported embankment on soft ground to reduce differential settlement has been studied by pilot scale field tests and numerical analysis. Three-by-three pile groups with varying pile spacing were driven into a layer of soft ground, and a layer of geogrid was used as reinforcement over each pile group. Further, a 2-D numerical analysis has been conducted using the computer program FLAC 2D. The mechanisms of load transfer can be considered as a combination of embankment soil arching, geogrid tension, and stress transfer due to the difference in stiffness between pile and soft ground. Based on the pilot scale field tests and results of numerical analysis, we find that the geosynthetic reinforcement slightly interferes with soil arching, and helps reduce differential settlement of the soft ground. Also, the most effective load transfer and vertical stress reduction at the midspan between piles occurs when the pile cap spacing index D/b (D: pile cap spacing, b: diameter of pile) is 3.0.     

Reinforcement and Arching Effect of Geogrid-Reinforced and Pile-Supported Embankment on Marine Soft Ground

The effectiveness of constructing a geogrid-reinforced and pile supported embankment on soft ground to reduce differential settlement has been studied by pilot scale field tests and numerical analysis. Three-by-three pile groups with varying pile spacing were driven into a layer of soft ground, and a layer of geogrid was used as reinforcement over each pile group. Further, a 2-D numerical analysis has been conducted using the computer program FLAC 2D. The mechanisms of load transfer can be considered as a combination of embankment soil arching, geogrid tension, and stress transfer due to the difference in stiffness between pile and soft ground. Based on the pilot scale field tests and results of numerical analysis, we find that the geosynthetic reinforcement slightly interferes with soil arching, and helps reduce differential settlement of the soft ground. Also, the most effective load transfer and vertical stress reduction at the midspan between piles occurs when the pile cap spacing index D/b (D: pile cap spacing, b: diameter of pile) is 3.0.     

Dynamic Risk Analysis of Permanent Deformation of Sea Embankment

For evaluation of the permanent deformation of a sea embankment under stochastic earthquake excitation, a robust dynamic risk analytical method is presented based on conventional permanent deformation analysis and stochastic seismic response analysis. This method can predict not only the mean value of maximum permanent deformation but also the reliability corresponding to different deformation control standards. The earthquake motion is modelled as a stationary Gaussian filtered white noise random process. The predicted average maximum horizontal permanent displacement is in agreement with the conventional result. Further studied are the reliability of permanent deformation due to stochastic wave details at one seismic motion level and the risk of permanent deformation due to stochastic seismic strength, i. e., the maximum acceleration in a long period. Therefore, it is possible to make the optimal design in terms of safety and economy according to the importance of a sea embankment. It is suggested tha     

SEABEAM 1185多波束系统的测量精度分析及在堤坊监测中的应用

通过与不同型号单波束测深仪的多种方式和角度的比测试验,验证了SEABEAM 1185多波束测深系统具有全覆盖扫测,测量范围大、速度快,测深精度和分辨率高等优点,突出其可靠性和稳定性。介绍了SEABEAM1185系统的组成及其技术性能,并具体分析了系统在监测广东省某河道堤防险段的使用情况及应用价值。     

SEABEAM1185多波束系统的测量精度分析及在堤防监测中的应用

通过与不同型号单波束测深仪的多种方式和角度的比测试验，验证了SEABEAM 1185多波束测深系统具有全覆盖扫测，测量范围大、速度快，测深精度和分辨率高等优点，突出其可靠性和稳定性。介绍了SEABEAM 1185系统的组成及其技术性能，并具体分析了系统在监测广东省某河道堤防险段的使用情况及应用价值。     

GPS-InSAR数据融合用于地表形变监测的研究

全球定位系统（GPS）和合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）集成技术在地表形变监测中具有广阔的应用前景。分析了GPS和InSAR两种技术融合的可行性,论述了GPS—InSAR融合技术的理论和方法,对其应用前景和存在的问题进行了探讨。     

Settlement Prediction of Surcharge Preloaded Low Embankment on Soft Ground Subjected to Cyclic Loading

This article studies the effect of dynamic cyclic loading and surcharge preloading method on the post-construction settlement of low embankments. Soil samples obtained from the soft ground under an embankment were consolidated by surcharge preloading followed by static and dynamic cyclic loading in the odometer. The results show that the consolidation deformation of the soil samples is independent of the frequency of the dynamic cyclic loading, which was simulated to follow the half-sine wave, and this is consistent with the energy concept. The post-construction settlement increases with increasing amplitude of cyclic load and the effectiveness of surcharge preloading depends on the difference between magnitude of surcharge and amplitude of the cyclic load. Based on the consolidation theory combined with the test results, a formula has been proposed to compute the post-construction settlement of a low embankment under cyclic loading.     

特长跨海大桥安全监测方法的研究

在特长跨海大桥施工定位与安全监测工作中经常遇到难以克服的困难,为此人们不得不借助于RTKGPS技术.当然,跨海大桥的安全监测问题单纯利用RTK GPS技术是远远不够的,因为跨海大桥安全监测的精度要求远远高于施工定位,不采取一定的技术措施很难实现对跨海大桥运营安全的有效监测.为了较好地解决特长跨海大桥的安全监测问题,笔者与科研小组结合实践提出了通过合理布设三维控制基准系统实施跨海大桥运营安全有效监测的想法,三维控制基准系统的构建应综合考虑投影问题、网形结构问题、施测方法问题,结合我国目前在建的几座跨海大桥论述了跨海大桥安全监测三维控制基准系统构建的基本设计思路.     

软土海岸地区测量控制点标志的设立

分析了软土、湿地、滩涂地区特殊地理环境对测量控制点的影响;主要探讨了此类地区控制点标志的设计、施工。借助于建筑桩基技术和道桥施工方法,首次成功实现了某三角洲湿地滩涂地区统一布网。几年来,结合滩涂湿地测量、海岸防护和滩涂开发工程对部分控制点进行了初步检测,给出了部分检测数据。应用和检测均表明:桩基标石可较好地解决软土、湿地、滩涂地区控制点布设难题,显著提高软土海岸地区测量控制点标志的稳固性,从而延长控制网的可使用期。     

Theory and Practice of Soft Clay Engineering

-The shear strength and deformation properties of soft clay are discussed first. Then some methods for predicting the performance of soft clay foundation are proposed. Finally, case histories are presented to illustrate some discussed aspects of soft clay.