山东东营地区土的动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验研究

对山东东营地区埋深3.0~57.3 m的土层划分标准层,对采集的42组粘土、粉质粘土、粉土(中密)、粉质粘土与粉砂互层土样进行动三轴试验,通过统计分析给出了这些样品动剪切模量比和阻尼比随剪应变变化试验结果,并与袁晓铭等(2000)给出推荐值进行了对比分析。结果表明,东营地区各类岩土的试验结果值在该地区具有一定的代表性和适用性,并在该地区地震安全性评价工作中得到了应用。     

上海地区土动剪切模量比和阻尼比的统计研究

按照上海市工程建设规范<岩土工程勘察规范>(DGJ08-37-2002)根据土性的差异对上海滨海平原地区划分的标准层,对收集的上海地区大量的共振柱试验和动三轴试验结果进行分类统计,并采用Davidenkov模型进行拟合.由于统计样本数量较多、样本分布范围较广且同时统计了共振柱试验结果和动三轴试验结果,给出的结果在上海地区具有一定的适用性和可靠性.     

南京地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的初步研究

本文通过对南京地区两个工程场地漫滩相成因的砂土和淤泥质粉粘土与粉砂互层土的自振动柱试验结果进行分析，探讨了围压对剪切模量G及阻力比λ的影响，通过与Seed和Idriss建议的砂土G/Gmax-γ和λ-γ曲线变化范围的对比，认为不能简单地把淤泥质粉质粘土与粉砂层土当作砂土或粉质粘土对待。     

常规土类动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验研究

采用共振柱自振试验方法给出国内常规土类动剪切模量比G／Gmax和阻尼比λ变化的平均曲线,推荐值和包线,使用的共振仪是由工种力学研究所原有共振柱改装而成,并经试验验证了改装后仪器的精度可靠性,试验土类包括粘土,粉质土,粉土,砂土,淤泥和淤泥质土,土样来自国内十余个不同地区,采用折线双曲线拟合G／Gmax,λ随γ衰减关系,其中参数a和b由最小二乘法对每次试验结果回归分析得到,对同类土,将所有的a,b 值平均,用均值a和b给出动剪切模量比和阻尼比与剪应变关系,从而得到了此类土G/Gmax,λ随γ变化曲线及推荐值,试验是在两种固结压力下进行,因而得到的结构分别适用于土体埋深小于10m和埋深10m-20m之间的两种情况。     

土的动剪切模量、阻尼比和泊松比研究进展

介绍了现场测试与实验室测试土的最大动剪切模量的差别、动剪切模量和阻尼比与剪应变关系的表达式及其地区经验成果、固结比对最大动剪切模量影响、动泊松比研究、实验误差及其对地震动的影响等方面的主要成果。提出应加强动泊松比研究,加强共振柱和动三轴试验土动力学参数统一的数学模型研究,加强土动力学参数在均等固结与非均等固结条件下关系研究,加强土动力学参数与土的常规物理力学性质指标关系研究和土动力学参数实验误差研究。     

西安地区典型土动剪切模量比和阻尼比的统计研究

利用西安市地震小区划项目中的大量典型土样动三轴试验结果,采用双曲线模型拟合得到了西安地区粉质粘土、粉土、砂土和卵砾土的动剪切模量比和阻尼比随剪应变的变化关系,给出了西安地区上述4种主要土壤类型在8个典型应变下的动参数值。所提结果对研究西安地区地基振动反应和场地地震安全性评价等工作具有参考和借鉴作用。     

武汉砂土动剪切模量与阻尼比的试验研究

以武汉地铁4号线二期工程越江段饱和砂土为研究对象,通过室内GDS动力三轴试验,较为系统地研究了在单向循环荷载作用下砂土的动剪切模量和阻尼比规律特性及其影响因素。试验结果表明:动剪切模量、阻尼比与动剪应变的关系可以用Hardin-Drnevich双曲线模型进行描述;动剪切模量随动应变的增大而减小,随围压和固结比的增大而增大,而阻尼比的变化规律与动剪切模量相反。从而为工程建筑物的抗震设计提供了重要依据。     

山西黄土动剪切模量与阻尼比试验研究

土的动剪切模量与阻尼比作为土动力特性研究的重要参数,一直备受关注。为了研究山西地区黄土的动力特性,对山西某土石坝坝基黄土进行了共振柱与动三轴试验,获得了在较大应变范围内的动剪切模量与阻尼比试验数据。试验结果表明,山西黄土动剪切模量与阻尼比均显著受初始含水率影响,其归一化的动剪切模量能够用修正的Hardin模型进行拟合,并给出了相关参数;阻尼比可以采用本文建议的公式进行拟合,拟合效果良好。最后,采用经验公式确定了不同围压下的最大动剪切模量的参数。     

豫东平原粉质黏土动剪切模量与阻尼比试验研究

粉质黏土动剪切模量和阻尼比是建筑场地动力稳定性评价的重要动力参数。为分析豫东平原粉质黏土的动力特性,利用双向振动三轴仪试验系统,对取自豫东平原地区的粉质黏土进行动三轴试验,研究粉质黏土状态及固结压力对动剪切模量和阻尼比的影响。研究发现:可塑粉质黏土(PSC)与软塑粉质黏土(SSC)的动力特性存在相近的变化趋势,动剪切模量比随剪应变的增大而减小,阻尼比随剪应变的增大而增大;在同一应变水平下,SSC的动剪切模量比随固结压力的增大而增大、PSC的阻尼比随固结压力的增大而增大;在相同试验条件下,PSC的最大动剪切模量大于SSC的最大动剪切模量;在剪应变小于0.01%时两者动剪切模量快速衰减,剪应变达到0.03%时两者动剪切模量趋于一致。根据现有的粉质黏土动剪切模量与阻尼比研究成果,结合试验数据,提出粉质黏土动剪切模量比、阻尼比随剪应变变化的数学模型,为豫东平原粉质黏土场地工程建设中的动力稳定性评价提供依据。     

邯郸粉土动剪模量和阻尼比试验研究

以邯郸地区的粉土为研究对象,在各种固结压力和相同加载周期及相同剪切应力幅值下,分别进行了室内动单剪试验,得到了该地区粉土在3种固结压力下的G/Gdmax-γ、D-γ归一化曲线以及G/Gdmax-γ和D-γ关系值.试验结果表明:G/Gdmmax随动应变的增大而减小,随固结压力的增大而增大,而阻尼比D的变化规律与动剪切模量相反.所得结果可为本地区工程建筑的抗震设计提供参考.     

High strain dynamic modulus and damping of chemically grouted sand

Laboratory resonant column and cyclic triaxial tests are performed to determine the dynamic response (i.e. shear modulus and damping) of chemically grouted sand. The effect of chemical grouting is evaluated as a function of shearing-strain amplitude, confining stress, cycling prestrain, number of cycles, grout type, concentration, and curing time. The test results show that the shearing-strain amplitude, grout type and grout concentration have significant effects on the shear modulus and damping ratio of the test specimens. The increased addition of sodium silicate grout, which produces stiff gels, improved the shear modulus of the test sand. The acrylate (AC-400) and polyurethane (CG5610) grout, which produces flexible (rubber-like) gels, improved the damping capacity of the sand with increasing grout concentration. The addition of chemical grout greatly reduces the effect of cyclic prestraining over untreated sands. In the case of dense sands, the reduction of cyclic prestraining is less pronounced than in loose sands, which have a higher potential for particle movement and reorientation.     

Modeling of strain dependency of shear modulus and damping of clayey sand

A series of cyclic triaxial tests on clayey sands was carried out and attempts were made to evaluate the strain dependency of shear modulus and damping. Strain dependencies of shear modulus and damping were simply modeled. It was shown that the change in the effective confining stress with loading cycles in the undrained shear test needed to be considered particularly in the large strain range. The consideration could be made by normalizing G with G′₀=AF(e)(σ′_m/σ_mr)ⁿ, the initial shear modulus for the effective confining stress of that particular loading cycle, instead of using G₀. G/G′₀ was expressed by a function of γ as G/G′₀=1/(1+b_gγ) which was almost stress level independent for clayey sands used in this study. The damping ratio was not much affected by the confining stress. The strain dependency of the damping ratio was modeled by h=a_hγ/(1+b_hγ). Effects of load irregularity on the shear modulus were also investigated. The excess pore pressure and the residual strain were generated especially when the major peaks in the irregular loading were applied to the specimen. However, G/G′₀ for the irregular loading could be represented reasonably well by the average curve for the uniform cyclic loading, if the excess pore water pressure and the residual strain were taken into account.     

陕北榆林地区 砂土动剪切模量比和阻尼比的统计研究

陕北榆林地区位于鄂尔多斯地块内部,其沉积地层主要为细砂。基于该地区大量的工程场地地震安全性评价报告,本文共收集了83组砂样动三轴试验数据,并分类统计分析了松散~稍密、中密和密实三种密实程度的砂土在8个典型剪应变下的动剪切模量比和阻尼比统计值。选取一个典型钻孔,建立土层地震反应模型,分别以本文"统计值"、"规范值"和"推荐值"作为模型参数进行土层地震反应计算,并对反应得到的地面峰值加速度与反应谱进行了对比分析。     

Shear modulus and damping ratio of grouted sand

An experimental comparative study of three different grouted sands in terms of their effects on the values of two dynamic properties is presented. The dynamic properties studied are the shear modulus and the damping ratio which are determined with resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests. The behaviour of a pure Fontainebleau sand is compared with the behaviour of a Fontainebleau sand grouted with a silicate grout, a micro-fine cement grout and a mineral grout. The effects of the grouting treatment, the type of grout, the confining pressure, and the strains, on the shear modulus and the damping ratio are studied. The test results have shown that grouting improves the stiffness of the sand especially for small strains. Whatever the type of material, confining stress improves the shear modulus whereas it has a negligible effect on the damping ratio. When strain increases, the shear modulus decreases and the damping ratio increases.     

土动剪切模量和阻尼比的推荐值和规范值的合理性比较

参照目前国内外试验测得的土的动剪切模量和阻尼比,以及多种土层工况和实际地震动输入下土层地震反应分析计算结果,对袁晓铭等给出的推荐值和《工程场地地震安全性评价工作规范》中给出的数值的合理性进行了对比研究。结果表明,与规范值相比,推荐值与国内外结果更相接近,特别是与国内结果相差不大,且避免了土层地震反应中地表反应谱“矮、粗、胖”现象,较符合客观实际情况,可供无试验资料情形和今后修订规范时参考。