搏风击浪谱新篇——记建工集团公司宁波分公司总经理王云虎

王云虎同志是核工业华东建工集团公司宁波分公司总经理，两年来，他带领班子成员以经济效益为中心，以经营为龙头，大胆探索，勇闯市场，从无到有，从小到大，从单一到综合，公司业务具有了一定的规模。     

加快企业体制改革和结构调整积极推进建立现代企业制度

中国建筑工程总公司(以下简称“中建总公司”)是全国最大的跨地区、跨行业和跨国经营的建筑和地产开发集团企业，是中国建筑行业的主力军。自82年组建以来，中建总公司坚持以改革为动力，在转换经营机制、变革生产方式、调整产业结构、优化经营布局、推进科技进步、强化内部管理等方面积极探索，保持了资产总额、营业规模，经营领域、人才资源、管理水平、科技实力、社会信誉等方面的优势地位。     

组建陕西煤田地质勘查集团公司的实践与思考

地勘单位以建立现代企业制度为总体目标,实施企业化、规模化、集团化运作模式的体制改革,是地勘单位顺利实现事企转型与可持续发展的必由之路。结合陕西省地勘单位改革工作实际,探讨了陕西省煤田地质局事企改革的基础与必要性。在充分调研的基础上,组建了"以清晰的产权关系为基础,以完善的企业法人制度为核心,以现代企业制度为主要特征"的企业集团—陕西煤田地质勘查开发集团公司。该集团公司将以资本为纽带构筑母子公司管理体制,其中以陕西煤田地质勘查有限责任公司为母公司,由陕西省煤田地质局出资设立,局领导下的各单位以主营业务或经营性资产组建有限责任公司,作为陕西煤田地质勘查有限责任公司的子公司。陕西煤田地质勘查开发有限责任公司作为集团公司的核心企业,代表集团公司行使管理职能,并以其组建的决策中心、投融资中心、信息中心、项目招投标中心、科技开发中心和资金结算中心等实体,代表集团公司参与市场竞争。     

资产评估的四种方法

目前我国确认的资产评估方法主要有:一、收益现值法 收益现值法是对资产期望的周期性收益转换为现实价值的一种评估方法,收益现值法在其具体运用时可分为两种情况;一种是针对资产在某一特定时期内的收益,将其折现后确定被评估资产的重估价值;另一种是在假定企业连续经营的情     

化工地质改革思路和进展情况

1995年化工地质系统在福州召开了改革会议,围绕“深化改革,加强地质找矿,加强结构调整,以规模化经营,集团化联合,加速实现化工地质企业化”这一主题,明确了化工地质改革的思路,确定了化工地质改革要以“减少管理层次,弱化行政干预,强化产权关系,精干找矿队伍,全方位推向市场,联合发展,组建集团公司,实现企业化为目标”。提出了“加速内部机制转换,组建化工地质集团公司和地区性集团公司”的改革总体方案,总的设想是:用六年时间,分二个阶段进行改组,改造现有的地勘单位。组成     

认真执行国家法律法规依法进行矿产资源开发

山东电力集团公司(以下简称集团公司)是一个以发展电力为主导、经营领域广涉工业实业、矿业开发、金融投资、房地产开发、商贸旅游、信息通讯、体育、现代农业等产业,是综合发展的大型企业集团.集团公司提出并实施了“双向延伸,两翼齐飞,内外并举”的集团发展战略,即:向电力主导产业的上游产业和下游市场延伸,把主导产业和多种产业作为集团发展的     

坚持改革创新促进企业发展——一个工程咨询设计企业的创新发展实践与思考(摘要)

中冶京诚工程技术有限公司（简称京诚公司）是在中国冶金科工集团公司的领导与整体推进下，由北京钢铁设计研究总院改制，于2003年11月28日设立的国际化工程公司，并从2004年1月1日开始分立经营。3年多来，京诚公司努力实现业务、技术、体制、机制创新，按市场经济规律运作，努力将自己做成一个真正的现代企业，用心经营，朝着认定的目标，小步快跑，使企业发生了根本变化，增强了企业活力和竞争力，实现了企业自我积累，走上了持续快速良性发展道路。[第一段]     

集团化管理自主化经营──河北煤田二队探索组建辰光集团的实践

集团化管理自主化经营──河北煤田二队探索组建辰光集团的实践范东旭（辰光集团［河北二队］邢台０５４００１）我们这个集团公司，是在河北煤田二队转换经营机制，大力开展多种经营，不断发展壮大的基础上，于１９９３年３月２８日正式组建起来的。河北煤田二队原有６０...     

浅谈广西建筑业的改革与发展

通过2001年下半年的建筑施上企业资质重新就位，我区建筑施工企业在体制、资产、人员方面发生了很大变化，施工企业由过去占绝大多数的国营、集体两种性质的企业，通过体制改革、资产重组、分立，变为现在占绝大多数的股份制企业和民营企业。企业资产增强，技术水平和管理水平上了一个新台阶，企业的经营更加灵活，     

中国五矿投资决策管理若干思考

中国五矿集团公司由建国初期的单纯经营金属矿产品进出口贸易转型为以金属、非金属等矿产品的开发、生产、贸易为主,兼营金融、房地产、物流业务的大型跨国企业,并雄居2012年位居《财富》世界500强第169位。中国五矿集团公司的发展壮大,得益于其精细化的投资决策管理制度--在明确公司战略发展方向的基础上理顺集团公司六大主体业务及管理关系,设立投资委员会,实行投资决策权集中管理;优化投资配制,实现项目利益最大化;完善投资决策创新机制与方法,通过投资备案管理、项目授权及发布各项专业操作指引等措施,保障决策效率的提高;建立清晰投资决策流程,明确投资决策内部问责制度。     

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.     

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。     

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。     

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.     

Mountains,nations, parks,and conservation

Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km² and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world.     

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。     

Regional distribution of Al,B, Ba,Ca, K,La, Mg,Mn, Na,P, Rb,Si, Sr,Th, U and Y in terrestrial moss within a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region: influence of geology,seaspray and human activity

Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km² area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population).