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1.
基于天气雷达、地面和探空观测资料、NCEP再分析资料、FNL数值预报产品,应用强对流天气分类识别技术和短时临近预报技术,开展风暴临近预报、强对流天气分类预警、基于数值预报的强风暴潜势诊断等研究,获得大理、丽江、西双版纳等高原山地机场及周边区域强降水、雷暴、大风、冰雹等灾害性天气的0~2 h实时定量预报产品和0~12 h强对流天气潜势预报产品,建立机场强对流天气短时临近预报系统。通过检验,该预报系统有较好的强对流天气预报预警能力,满足机场业务需求。  相似文献   

2.
用中尺度非静力模式制作北京气温和风预报   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
梁丰  王迎春 《气象》2000,26(6):33-39
利用国家气象中心与北京市气象局联合开发的“北京地区中尺度数值天气预报业务系统”针对业务预报需要,开发了2米温度、10米风的要素预报。通过近一年的预报效果检验表明,该系统不仅对一般性天气有比较好的预报效果,同时也可以预报出转折性的大风、升(降)温等天气过程。与NCEP的eta模式相比,该系统的温度预报误差与之基本相当,而风速预报误差略小于eta模式。  相似文献   

3.
国家气象中心台风、暴雨预报服务系统是以国家气象中心的现代化气象业务环境为依托,系统地集成了国家气象中心和气象业务与科研单位近年来研究开始的台风、暴雨预报成果建立的实时预报服务系统。该系统目前已初具规模,1995年投入业务应用(部分投入业务试用)。文中简要介绍了该系统的设计目标、结构、功能,以及在业务中应用和试用概况。  相似文献   

4.
中尺度天气的高空地面综合图分析   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
中尺度强天气的预报能力非常有限,一个重要原因是在业务预报中,缺乏对中尺度对流天气发生的环境场条件和发生发展特征进行及时有效的分析。本文介绍了国家气象中心正在试行的中尺度天气的天气图分析方法。中尺度天气的天气图分析主要利用探空资料和数值预报相关参量资料,分析中尺度对流天气发生发展的环境场条件,包括高空综合图分析和地面分析。在高空分析中重视风、温度、湿度、变温、变高的分析,并通过将不同等压面上最能反映水汽、抬升、不稳定和垂直风切变状况的特征系统和特征线绘制在一张图上形成综合图,以更直观的方式反映产生中尺度深厚对流系统发生发展潜势的高低空配置环境场条件。地面分析包括气压、风、温度、湿度、对流天气现象和各类边界线(锋)的分析。国家气象中心的强对流天气预报业务试验表明,中尺度天气的天气图分析已经成为强对流天气潜势预报的重要依据。  相似文献   

5.
国家气象中心在中国气象科学研究院CAPPS系统的基础上,建立了多城市污染指数数值预报业务系统,同时预报47个重点城市的SO2、NO2和PM10的日均污染指数.从2001年6月21日至7月17日的试验预报表明,总体预报准确率和与监测值的相关都在60%以上,与各城市气象局、环境保护局联合发布的综合预报准确率和与监测值的相关比较接近.说明CAPPS用于国家气象中心多城市污染指数数值预报业务系统,能够为城市空气质量业务预报提供有参考价值的数值预报产品.  相似文献   

6.
用中尺度数值模式诊断强风暴潜势研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
张家国  王珏  王叶红 《气象科技》2008,36(2):129-133
利用中尺度数值预报模式,计算、输出若干与强风暴发生发展有密切关系的常规物理量和对流参数,研究应用模糊逻辑学技术的强天气潜势诊断的方法,开发出雷暴、冰雹、雷雨大风3类对流性天气落区的潜势预报产品,并进行了初步的业务试验.结果表明,融合多个中尺度数值预报模式输出的对流参数和物理量的方法能够较好地诊断强对流天气,对业务应用有一定参考价值.  相似文献   

7.
以国家气象中心T106和HLAFS数值预报模式以及欧洲中心数值预报模式为基本资料,采用MOS、KF(卡尔曼滤波法)、灰色预测GM(0,M)模型、相关相似以及滤波集成和全集成等方法,制作天空状况、降水量、最高、最低气温,降水概率、风向、风速、最大、最小相对湿度等常规九要素短期预报,并建立了“常规天气要素短期分县指导预报业务系统”。该系统1999年6月1日在山西省气象台正式投入业务运行,其预报产品上网对下指导取得了良好的预报效果。在1999年在山西主汛期常规天气要素和重大天气预报过程中发挥了重要的作用。  相似文献   

8.
针对长江中游强风暴天气特点和现代预报业务需求,在借鉴世界临近预报系统, 特别是美国的Auto-Nowcaster和WDSS-II以及英国的GANDOLF等先进经验的基础上,以我国多普勒天气雷达网为重要技术手段,结合数值预报等信息资源,于2007年研究建成长江中游临近预报业务系统 (MYNOS)。MYNOS主要技术方法包括:雷达与雨量计实时同步积分结合的降水估算方法 (RASIM),雷达反演参量与中尺度模式输出物理量相结合的强风暴性质自动识别和追踪技术,基于暴雨回波生命史特性约束下的多尺度合成降水量临近预报,基于数值预报模式和模糊逻辑学的强对流天气分类落区潜势预报,集GIS功能并整合各种定量监测与预警产品于一体的短时预报工作站。MYNOS已成为短时临近预报业务的支撑平台,其中实时生成的流域定量降水估算与临近预报、强对流天气分类潜势诊断与识别预警产品等成为日常预报业务的重要参考依据。  相似文献   

9.
徐夏囡  杨贵名 《气象》1995,21(7):15-20
通过国家气象中心1994年热带风暴的预报服务业务中,有关热带气旋监测、预报信息的使用和预警服务的发布状况,反映我国在热带气旋及有关的灾害性天气预警服务的业条技术水平。同时,对所涉及的有关问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

10.
利用黑龙江省2000~2003年发生冰雹的测站≥3站的个例资料共35d进行了分析,找出发生冰雹天气的物理量预报指标,根据每日的实况物理量场做冰雹潜势预报,并结合实际业务工作需求,研发冰雹潜势预报系统,为制作冰雹潜势预报提供一种可行方法。  相似文献   

11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.  相似文献   

12.
<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.  相似文献   

13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.  相似文献   

14.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.  相似文献   

15.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.  相似文献   

16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project)数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。  相似文献   

17.
Hourly outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) from the geostationary satellite Communication Oceanography Meteorological Satellite(COMS) has been retrieved since June 2010. The COMS OLR retrieval algorithms are based on regression analyses of radiative transfer simulations for spectral functions of COMS infrared channels. This study documents the accuracies of OLRs for future climate applications by making an intercomparison of four OLRs from one single-channel algorithm(OLR12.0using the 12.0 μm channel) and three multiple-channel algorithms(OLR10.8+12.0using the 10.8 and 12.0 μm channels; OLR6.7+10.8using the 6.7 and 10.8 μm channels; and OLR All using the 6.7, 10.8, and 12.0 μm channels). The COMS OLRs from these algorithms were validated with direct measurements of OLR from a broadband radiometer of the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System(CERES) over the full COMS field of view [roughly(50°S–50°N, 70°–170°E)] during April 2011.Validation results show that the root-mean-square errors of COMS OLRs are 5–7 W m-2, which indicates good agreement with CERES OLR over the vast domain. OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All have much smaller errors(~ 6 W m-2) than OLR12.0and OLR10.8+12.0(~ 8 W m-2). Moreover, the small errors of OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All are systematic and can be readily reduced through additional mean bias correction and/or radiance calibration. These results indicate a noteworthy role of the6.7 μm water vapor absorption channel in improving the accuracy of the OLRs. The dependence of the accuracy of COMS OLRs on various surface, atmospheric, and observational conditions is also discussed.  相似文献   

18.
正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any  相似文献   

19.
20.
Index to Vol.31     
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;  相似文献   

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