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为了对比不同类型烃源岩样品在不同的热解模拟实验条件下生油和生气的活化能,选取渤中地区多个湖相泥质烃源岩原岩和干酪根样品进行了开放体系无水热解和封闭体系加水热解实验,烃源岩样品取自不同的洼陷和烃源层位,具有不同的有机质丰度、类型和成熟度。对比结果表明,有机质类型和成熟度对烃源岩生油活化能有重要影响,平均生油活化能随有机质类型变差和成熟度增大而增大。不同的洼陷、烃源层位和样品类型对平均生油活化能无明显影响,而样品类型则影响活化能的分布,原岩活化能分布相比干酪根更加集中。处于成熟阶段烃源岩的生气活化能比处于低熟阶段烃源岩的生油活化能高11~17kJ/mol。相对于开放体系无水热解实验,封闭体系加水热解实验活化能分布集中且能够包含初次裂解和二次裂解过程。本研究应用封闭体系加水热解模拟实验,分别选择低熟烃源岩原岩样品和成熟烃源岩干酪根样品进行生油和生气活化能研究,取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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有机地球化学研究中,目前大量的报导是对地质样品中可溶有机质的组成、结构的研究。可溶有机质中正烷烃偶奇优势,甾、萜分布等,已广泛用于油、气勘探,评价生油岩有机质母质来源、成熟度和对比油源。但可溶有机质碳含量占生油岩中有机碳不到百分之五,生油岩中大部分有机质是以干酪根形式存在,油、气的成因与干酪根密切相关。近年来,裂解色谱、裂解色谱-质谱已用于研究干酪根中结合烃类的组成、结构,并用于指示沉积岩中有机质的成熟度、母质输入等[1、2、2],我国近年来也开始研究干酪根的裂解色谱1),本文则报导利用裂解色谱、裂解色谱一质谱研究一个已知地球化学剖面沉积有机质成熟度和沉积环境的尝试,探索建立评价生油岩成熟度的快速、有效的有机地球化学方法。 相似文献
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许多人认为柴达木盆地第三纪盐湖环境不利于形成有机质丰度高的优质生油岩.作者通过柴达木盆地西部下干柴沟组、上干柴沟组(E3和N1)蒸发岩沉积成因和生油岩有机质富集状态的研究,发现优质生油岩(TOC>1%,干酪根类型为Ⅰ型或Ⅱ1型)恰好发育在石膏、芒硝和岩盐最发育的构造部位和层位,提出了一种"大咸盆套小盐湖"的蒸发岩与生油岩共生的沉积模式,认为第三纪盐湖的水体深浅既控制了蒸发岩沉积和分布,又控制了一般生油岩和优质生油岩的形成,就该盐湖有机质分布规律进行了理论解释. 相似文献
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本文着重论述了我国南方海相碳酸盐生油和可能生油岩的地质学和地球化学基本特征,即:碳酸盐生油岩的沉积学特征;碳酸盐生油岩的有机质数量特征;碳酸盐生油岩的演化特征;其他特征。本文通过对生油岩剩余有机碳、气态烃、族组分、干酪根形态、镜质体反射率等一系列数据的分析,进一步论述了我国南方碳酸盐生油岩的有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质演化特点;指出了本区找天然气的潜力大于找油的潜力;同时对我国南方,其中特别是湘、鄂两省的油气普查工作提出了一些初步意见。 相似文献
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采用质谱和色谱-同位素质谱技术,测定了500余个干酪根及饱和烃、芳烃组份、正构烷烃的δ13C值,以此揭示了四川盆地海、陆相烃源岩有机碳同位素组成随地质时代的变化特点及其在高成熟阶段的演化特征,并结合其他相关分析资料,应用碳同位素剖析了不同类型海、陆相烃源岩的有机质生源及沉积环境。研究结果表明,该盆地从震旦系灯影组到中三叠统雷口坡组的海相地层中,干酪根的碳同位素组成随层位变新呈逐渐变重的趋势,可能的原因之一是浮游植物的进化作用;而上三叠统须家河组至中侏罗统千佛崖组的陆相有机质碳同位素组成则有反向的年代变化,主要与生源构成和沉积环境性质有关。这些海、陆相烃源岩的有机源难以用干酪根δ13C值进行区分,而可用饱和烃与芳烃组份的δ13C及其CV值来区别。海洋和湖泊不同沉积相带烃源岩的干酪根具有明显不同的δ13C值,结合其他相关资料可识别其有机质来源。煤系地层中煤与泥岩在干酪根碳同位素组成上没有可区分性,而两者有不同的正构烷烃碳同位素分布曲线。从成熟晚期到高-过成熟阶段,海、陆相干酪根的碳同位素均变重1~2‰,煤系泥岩的正构烷烃碳同位素分布曲线由负向线型分布向平直型演变。这些碳同位素的变化特征为油气源对比和烃源识别提供了依据。 相似文献
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本文在南羌塘盆地土门地区获得一套上三叠统土门格拉组泥质烃源岩。通过有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质热演化程度的分析,结果表明,土门格拉组泥质烃源岩有机碳含量在0.54%~1.36%之间,达到了中等-好烃源岩标准,局部达到很好烃源岩标准;干酪根镜检结果显示,有机质类型主要为II1型。镜质体反射率Ro为1.61%~2.76%,岩石热解峰温Tmax介于340~544℃之间,干酪根腐泥组颜色为棕色-棕褐色,表明有机质演化达到过成熟阶段。土门地区土门格拉组泥质烃源岩的发现进一步表明羌塘盆地上三叠统烃源岩具备良好的生烃(气)潜力。 相似文献
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In this paper a thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis method coupled with chromatography (TG-DTA-GC) has been adopted to simulate the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons from different hydrocarbon source rocks such as coals, mudstones, and carbonate rocks with different maturities. The temperature programming for thermal simulation experiment is 20℃/min from ambient temperature to 700℃. As viewed from the quantities and composition of generated gaseous hydrocarbons at different temperatures, it is shown that low-mature coal has experienced the strongest exothermic reaction and the highest loss of weight in which the first exothermic peak is relatively low. Low-mature coal samples have stronger capability of generating gaseous hydrocarbons than high-mature samples. The amounts and composition of gaseous hydrocarbons generated are closely related not only to the abundance of organic carbon in source rocks, but also to the type of kerogen in the source rocks, and their thermal maturity. In the present highly mature and over-mature rock samples organic carbon, probably, has already been exhausted, so the production of gaseous hydrocarbons in large amounts is impossible. The contents of heavy components in gaseous hydrocarbons from the source rocks containing type- Ⅰ and - Ⅱ kerogens are generally high ; those of light components such as methane and ethane in gaseous hydrocarbons from the source rocks with Ⅲ-type kerogens are high as well. In the course of thermal simulation of carbonate rock samples, large amounts of gaseous hydrocarbons were produced in a high temperature range. 相似文献
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选取了红外光谱中2750~3000cm-1C-H振动峰面积作为反映干酪根中脂肪链含量的特征参数,并以完全饱和脂肪链的微晶石蜡为基准,建立了对干酪根中脂肪链含量进行测定的实验方法,同时讨论了实验条件、无机矿物、干酪根样品加入量等因素的影响。并通过对东营地区不同类型干酪根的低熟烃源岩样品进行的高压热模拟实验,研究了干酪根中脂肪链的百分含量与成熟度、沥青转化率及干酪根原素组成之间的关系。结果表明干酪根中脂肪链含量不仅与干酪根的类型有关,而且随成熟作用增加明显降低,其与热模拟生油量的关系和烃源岩的产烃率曲线相似,在脂肪链含量由15%降至5%时出现一个生油高峰。所以,脂肪链百分含量这一参数有可能成为烃源岩的判别及评价的一个新的重要指标。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区中生界延长组、延安组烃源岩地球化学特征对比分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
依据各种钻井样品的实验测试资料,通过Rock-Eval岩石评价、显微镜下观察、有机元素分析、镜质体反射率、生物标志化合物等分析方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区中生界三叠系延长组和侏罗系延安组烃源岩地球化学特征进行了综合评价。综合分析表明,研究区延长组和延安组烃源岩有机质丰度较好;液态烃生成能力较强;干酪根类型以腐殖型为主;有机质正处于油气生成成熟阶段。延长组有机质在湖相还原条件下堆积和保存,延安组有机质在浅湖相及沼泽相的弱还原条件下沉积,所以前者烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型以及成熟度都要好于后者。 相似文献
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通过对塔里木盆地陆相烃源岩所作的详细有机岩石学研究,提出了适合该盆地的陆相烃源岩有机组分分类方案,并系统地阐述各有机组分的光性、成因及岩石学特性。 相似文献
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Weili Wang Luofu Liu Zhenxue Jiang Ningning Zhong Ying Wang Ping Wang Lin Wu Jianghui Meng Jieli Zhou Yongqiang Guo 《中国地球化学学报》2011,30(4):405-414
The Western Depression of the Liaohe Basin is the major exploration area of the Liaohe Oilfield, and its main source rocks consist of the third and fourth members of the Shahejie Formation (Es3 and Es4). These source rocks are widely distributed in the depression, with semi-deep lake and fan delta as the main sedimentary facies, brown oil shale and black gray-dark gray mudstone as the main rocks, and a total thickness of 270-1450 m. The kerogens are mainly of the types I and IIA, and partly of the type IIB and least of the type III. The Ro values range from 0.4%-0.8%, indicating an evolution stage from immature to mature. The maturity of Es4 source rocks is rela-tively high, reaching the early mature stage, but their distribution and thickness are lower than those of Es3. Besides, according to biomarker analysis, it is thought that the source rocks of Es3 and Es4 are characterized by mixed input, and most of the source rocks were formed in the brackish water-saline and strongly oxygen-free environment. Fur-thermore, the Qingshui, Niuxintuo and Chenjia sags are believed to possess greater potential for hydrocarbon gen-eration and expulsion, for they are source rocks with a larger thickness, have higher organic carbon contents, belong to better organic matter types and possess higher maturities. 相似文献
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利用准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组地质、试油、录井、岩石薄片及地球化学等资料,研究了致密油的形成条件、分布特征及其控制因素。研究区致密油形成条件优越,烃源岩有机质丰度高、有机质类型为Ⅰ和Ⅱ型并且为低熟-成熟阶段;储层岩性复杂,甜点段平面连续性好,孔隙类型多样;广泛分布的烃源岩与储层频繁互层,烃源岩生成的油气直接进入相邻储层,有利于致密油的富集;芦草沟组超压广泛发育,是致密油运移的主要动力。致密油纵向上分布受优质烃源岩控制,全段均见油气显示,主要富集于优质烃源岩层附近的储层中;平面上受烃源岩有机质丰度、烃源岩厚度及储层厚度的综合控制,主要分布于烃源岩厚度大于200 m、TOC高于35%、储层厚度大于15 m的区域之内 相似文献
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A series of six fossil resins and four modern resins have been analysed using microscope-based spectral fluorescence methods, in addition to a preliminary study of the chemical composition of these samples using infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography. This study illustrates problems encountered during the measurement of spectral fluorescence of resins and resinite kerogens using conventional microscopy methods. Most notable, alteration of fluorescence significantly influences spectral measurements. Further, fossilized resins within rocks are complex mixtures of resinite and bitumen. Pre-extraction of resinites prior to petrographic analysis resulted in somewhat more uniform spectral fluorescence results.Spectral fluorescence of recent resins used in this study could be used to distinguish angiosperm from gymnosperm derived resinite kerogens. Distinction of plant class source of resinite kerogens, however, is more difficult using this method and is considered genarally unreliable. 相似文献