基于三维克立格方法的可视化储量估算

金属矿体在地下空间的变化性非常大,难以直接观测,对其精细的三维形态表征和刻画一直是科学计算可视化和空间(地质)统计学的研究热点和难点之一。三维空间的复杂性使得克立格储量估算具有极大的不确定性和经验性,利用三维可视化能够直观地反映变异性分析及储量估算结果,提高估算准确性与合理性。针对各向异性套合与储量估算,提出基于三维克立格方法的可视化储量估算：首先利用三维CAD技术构建算法底层对象;然后采用可视化方式改进变异性分析,并提出基于Hamilton四元数法的各向异性套合改进算法;最后采用克立格法估计储量,并依据可视化结果对某些误差较大的决策方案进行修改,提高克立格计算的准确性和客观性。使用克立格可视化储量估算方法对新疆阿舍勒铜矿床和西藏甲玛铜矿床进行储量估算实验。实验结果表明,变异性计算结果符合实际勘探情况,储量估算误差为5%～10%,储量估算结果可信,克立格可视化储量估算方法有效。     

基于三维克立格方法的可视化储量估算

金属矿体在地下空间的变化性非常大,难以直接观测,对其精细的三维形态表征和刻画一直是科学计算可视化和空间(地质)统计学的研究热点和难点之一。三维空间的复杂性使得克立格储量估算具有极大的不确定性和经验性,利用三维可视化能够直观地反映变异性分析及储量估算结果,提高估算准确性与合理性。针对各向异性套合与储量估算,提出基于三维克立格方法的可视化储量估算：首先利用三维CAD技术构建算法底层对象;然后采用可视化方式改进变异性分析,并提出基于Hamilton四元数法的各向异性套合改进算法;最后采用克立格法估计储量,并依据可视化结果对某些误差较大的决策方案进行修改,提高克立格计算的准确性和客观性。使用克立格可视化储量估算方法对新疆阿舍勒铜矿床和西藏甲玛铜矿床进行储量估算实验。实验结果表明,变异性计算结果符合实际勘探情况,储量估算误差为5%～10%,储量估算结果可信,克立格可视化储量估算方法有效。     

Minesight软件在葛源铌钽矿床资源储量估算中的应用

Minesight是国际著名的矿业软件,运用国际通用的先进地质统计学新方法进行资源储量估算.根据矿床成矿规律,应用Minesight软件建立葛源铌钽矿床地质模型,以花岗岩实体限制克立格估值范围,用不同边界品位动态圈定矿体,动态估算矿床资源储量,所得结果精度很高,并且最大限度地满足了市场经济的需要.     

限制性克立格法在阿舍勒铜矿储量计算中的研究与应用

为提高矿产储量计算的精确性，本文运用了限制性克立格法。给出了限制性克立格法的计算理论，并设计出限制性克立格法在阿舍勒铜矿中的储量计算流程，实现了对阿舍勒铜矿体的限制性克立格储量计算。结果表明，限制性克立格法的储量计算结果（783654．39t）要比普通克立格法的储量计算结果（706541．53t）更接近于实际勘探值（919454t），限制性克立格储量计算方法能够取得较为理想的预测结果。     

新疆阿舍勒铜锌矿床三维矿体模拟及资源评估

在VULCAN的软件环境下对新疆阿舍勒矿体进行三维计算机模拟和可视化研究，建立阿舍勒铜锌矿的三维矿体模型和地质模型，以便更直观 的研究和分析矿体的形态变化规律；同时在把矿体细分为小的长方体块的基础上，利用现代数学地质统计方法中的距离反比法和普通克立格方法对矿体进行品位估算和储量计算。     

基于三维矿化域模型的泥河铁矿床动态储量估算

基于泥河铁矿床矿体地质特征的详细研究,本文结合边界品位指标以及样条曲线方法对矿体边界进行简化平滑处理,并通过对各剖面的矿体解译边界进行圆滑渐变处理建立控制矿化边界的矿化域模型.基于矿化域模型,用于储量估算的样品分析数据具有更好的连续性和全面性,避免了双指标圈矿带来的矿体形态过度复杂和在三维空间内不可避免的空间占位现象.基于矿化域模型进行的储量估算,可以更快速、合理地获取矿体品位的空间分布特征,从而提高金属矿床储量估算结果的准确性和合理性.     

数字矿床及其应用实例

简述了数字矿床的概念、作用及研究内容等,以广西某矿X号矿床为例,建立数字矿床.该矿床的矿体形态、产状及品位变化非常复杂,应用普通克立格法对其进行了储量计算,并根据计算结果,考虑经济因素,进行了矿山设计.     

微机矿产储量计算

用地质统计学（也称克立格法）的方法，在微机上进行矿产储量计算，依据矿床或矿体的地质条件，研究块段矿化空间结构的变化规律，选择代表矿体的矿化规律的参数作为区域化变量进行变异函数的计算和结构分析，建立理论模型进行矿产储量估算。应用克立格法对广东白石嶂细脉型钼矿床各块段进行了储量评估，取得了满意的效果。     

基于Surpac的黑牛洞铜矿体三维模型构建与储量估算

江浪穹隆位于扬子地块西缘,以发育"里伍式"富铜矿而著称。黑牛洞铜矿位于江浪穹隆南西翼,为一中型铜锌矿床。文章介绍了黑牛洞铜矿的地质特征和矿体分布特征,基于矿区补充勘查和生产探矿的钻孔数据建立了地质数据库,利用中段平面建立了两个主矿体的矿体模型。在建立块体模型后,采用距离幂次反比法进行品位赋值。分别应用地质块段法和块体模型进行了矿体的资源储量估算,并将两者结果进行比较分析。利用块体模型显示铜矿化的空间分布,为下一步的找矿工作提供了线索。     

基于Surpac的黑牛洞铜矿体三维模型构建与储量估算

江浪穹隆位于扬子地块西缘,以发育"里伍式"富铜矿而著称。黑牛洞铜矿位于江浪穹隆南西翼,为一中型铜锌矿床。文章介绍了黑牛洞铜矿的地质特征和矿体分布特征,基于矿区补充勘查和生产探矿的钻孔数据建立了地质数据库,利用中段平面建立了两个主矿体的矿体模型。在建立块体模型后,采用距离幂次反比法进行品位赋值。分别应用地质块段法和块体模型进行了矿体的资源储量估算,并将两者结果进行比较分析。利用块体模型显示铜矿化的空间分布,为下一步的找矿工作提供了线索。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861