岩石弹性模量对钻孔体应变仪M2波视潮汐因子影响分析

首先,应用 Venedikow 调和分析方法计算体应变仪观测记录的M2波视潮汐因子;然后,对体应变仪井下传感器观测层岩芯进行单轴压缩试验,根据应力-应变曲线求取岩芯试样的力学参数。对比研究试样的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量与M2波视潮汐因子的关系,结果表明,弹性模量E对M2波视潮汐因子有明显的影响,随着M2波视潮汐因子的增大,岩石弹性模量呈线性函数降低,二者具有很好的相关性。钻孔岩芯力学性质的差异性是造成体应变仪之间M2波视潮汐因子差异较大的主要因素。     

介质横向不均匀对震后地表位移场的影响

利用三维有限元模拟两层地球模型(包括弹性层和粘弹性层)介质的横向不均匀和断层错动的复杂性对震后地表位移场的影响，其数值结果包括弹性解和粘弹性解。结果表明，震后位移场的分布特征不仅与粘弹性层的流变特性有关，还与弹性层介质的剪切模量以及断层的同震错动有关。     

冻融循环对恐龙化石风化破坏机理的研究

恐龙化石的风化过程比较复杂,造成恐龙化石风化破坏的因素众多,冻融循环是其中一个重要因素。通过室内试验,研究冻融循环导致恐龙化石及围岩风化破坏机理。试验证明冻融循环会降低围岩的强度、弹性模量等,多次冻融循环会使围岩、化石出现质重损失、泥化、掉块等现象;冻融循环是导致化石的风化破坏极其重要的因素。     

不同含油、含水饱和度致密砂岩真三轴力学特征

致密砂岩储层中水、石油或天然气等流体赋存可能会对致密砂岩的力学特征产生影响。选取鄂尔多斯盆地蟠龙地区延长组致密砂岩,利用YSZS-2000型多功能电液伺服岩石真三轴试验机对不同含油和含水饱和度致密砂岩力学特征进行了研究。结果表明:①含油性对砂岩的峰值应力和弹性模量产生弱化作用,表现为峰值应力和弹性模量随着含油饱和度的增大而减小,“准饱和”时峰值应力可下降5.35%,弹性模量可下降11.38%;②含水砂岩根据其吸水特性曲线分为Pa型与Pb型,含水性对砂岩的峰值应力产生弱化作用,饱和时Pa型砂岩峰值应力可下降11.58%,Pb型砂岩峰值应力可下降15.95%;③观察实验后浸油砂岩内部结构发现,油集中分布于砂岩矿物间裂隙,对破裂面产生润滑作用从而降低了砂岩的承载力。本研究成果可以对致密油气的开发提供可靠依据。      

火山岩岩性、储层的岩石物理弹性参数判别:以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组为例

徐家围子断陷火山岩岩性种类多,岩性复杂,不同岩性岩石特征差异大,火山岩岩性、储层的地震预测难度大,亟待通过岩石物理的分析,有效指导火山岩储层地震预测。通过对13种弹性参数敏感性交会分析,首次利用密度和剪切模量将徐家围子断陷营城组复杂火山岩岩性划分为玄武岩类、安山岩类和流纹岩类3类,且同一岩类岩性都具有相同的储层参数特征,在区分岩性基础上,利用密度和纵波速度双参数可对3类岩性组的储层进行直接识别,为火山岩储层叠前反演预测技术提供理论基础。      

基于多孔介质弹性理论的碳酸盐岩地层超压预测

碳酸盐岩地层超压预测目前仍然是国内外研究的难点问题。碎屑岩超压预测方法均是建立在明显的超压测井、地震宏观响应规律基础上的经验关系,这些经验性方法不适用于因岩性致密使得超压地球物理响应微弱的碳酸盐岩地层。通过碳酸盐岩样品超压岩石物理模拟实验,分析了在应力-孔隙压力共同作用下岩石中声波速度、弹性参数的变化规律;基于多孔介质弹性理论和广义胡克定律推导并建立了表征孔隙压力与岩石弹性参数定量关系的理论模型,即多孔介质弹性理论的超压预测量化模型。以川东北地区典型碳酸盐岩超压钻井为例,开展了碳酸盐岩地层超压预测应用研究:针对碳酸盐岩地层选择油气水测井综合解释模型获取岩石物性参数;利用Voigt-Reuss-Hill平均模量模型计算岩石基质体积模量,利用Wood模型和Patchy模型计算孔隙流体体积模量,利用BISQ模型计算岩石骨架体积模量,然后通过多孔介质弹性理论量化模型预测超压。预测结果显示预测压力与钻杆实测压力(DST)吻合较好,与泥浆密度换算压力和随钻监测压力变化趋势相近,表明这种基于多孔介质弹性理论的超压预测量化模型是一种解决碳酸盐岩地层超压预测的新途径。     

Deformation and failure mechanism of phyllite under the effects of THM coupling and unloading

Although the study of TM(Thermo Mechanics),HM(Hydraulic-Mechanics) and THM(Thermo-Hydraulic-Mechanics) coupling under a loading test have been under development,rock failure analysis under THM coupling and unloading is an emerging topic.Based on a high temperature triaxial unloading seep test for phyllite,this paper discusses the deformation and failure mechanism of phyllites under the "H M,T→H,T→M" incomplete coupling model with unloading conditions.The results indicate that the elastic modulus and initial permeability decrease and the Poisson’s ratio increases with increasing temperature;the elastic modulus decreases and the Poisson’s ratio and initial permeability increase with increasing water pressure.During the unloading process,rock penetrability is small at the initial elastic deformation phase,but the penetrability increases near the end of the elastic deformation phase;mechanisms involving temperature and water pressure affect penetrability differently.Phyllite failure occurs from the initial thermal damage of the rock materials,splitting and softening(which is caused by pore water pressure),and the pressure difference which is formed from the loading axial pressure and unloading confining pressure.The phyllite failure mechanism is a transtensional(tension-shearing) failure.     

Experimental study on the viscoelastic behaviors of debris flow slurry

The rheological properties of most liquid in nature are between liquids and solids,including both elastic changes and viscosity changes,that is socalled "viscoelastic".Dynamic oscillatory test was used to quantitatively study the distinct viscoelastic behaviors of debris flow slurry in the shear stress conditions for the first time in this study.The debris flow slurry samples were from Jiangjiagou Ravine,Yunnan Province,China.The experimental results were found that at the low and middle stages of shearing,when the angular velocity ω<72.46 s-1,the loss modulus(G") was greater than the storage modulus(G’),i.e.G">G’.At the late stage of shearing,when the angular velocity ω≧72.46 s-1,the storage modulus was greater than or equal to the loss modulus,i.e.G’≧G",tanδ≦1(where phase-shift angleδ=G"/G’),and the debris flow slurry was in a gel state.Therefore,the progress of this experimental study further reveals the mechanism of hyperconcentrated debris flows with a high velocity on low-gradient ravines.     

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冻融循环作用下砂岩单轴压缩破坏断口特征分形研究

寒区岩石的力学特征往往受到冻融循环和荷载的共同影响,冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口蕴含着与冻融循环和荷载有关的损伤演化信息,冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口研究对冻融岩石断裂破坏机理分析有重要价值。为研究冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口形貌特征及其与宏观力学参数之间的关联性,通过摄影观测经历不同次数冻融循环的砂岩单轴压缩破坏断口形貌,采用像素点覆盖法计算断口分维值,探究了断口分维值与宏观力学参数之间的关系。结果表明:随着冻融次数的增加,冻融砂岩的力学性能劣化,单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、断口分维值、耗散能密度逐渐减小,峰值应变增大;单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、耗散能密度均与断口分维值之间存在指数关系,断口分维值越大,对应的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、耗散能密度越大。冻融岩石单轴压缩破坏断口分维值可作为寒区岩体断裂破坏机理分析的有效参数。