2013年四川芦山Ms7.0地震仪器烈度与调查烈度对比分析

基于2013年四川芦山M_S7.0地震宏观调查点、调查烈度和强震仪记录数据,采用四川省地震局强震动监测技术组计算得到的各台仪器烈度值,绘制了芦山M_S7.0地震宏观调查点与调查烈度等震线和仪器烈度等值线分布图,分析了芦山M_S7.0地震的仪器烈度与调查烈度的对应关系。结果表明:仪器烈度与调查烈度有较好的对应关系,仪器烈度Ⅵ度点在调查烈度Ⅵ度以上区域总体占比为88.24%,仪器烈度Ⅶ度点在调查烈度Ⅶ度以上区域内总体占比为81.82%;仪器烈度的等值线高值范围可较好展示出地震灾害的程度;仪器烈度区的空间分布特征可表征芦山M_S7.0的发震断裂的控制作用,仪器烈度的等值线区总体呈现沿龙门山断裂带方向相对于垂直方向衰减慢;仪器烈度的等值线区发震断裂上盘影响范围相对发震断裂下盘影响范围大;仪器烈度分布与调查烈度分布既有对应关系又存在差异,这在震后短时间内灾区的震灾信息尚不清楚的情况下,能够快速对可能的震害涉及范围、人员伤亡分布、经济损失和生命线工程等损失作出预估,仪器烈度分布可以为应急救援决策、救灾方案制定和救灾力量...     

大姚6.1级地震烈度与震害分析

综合2003年大姚6．1级地震震区85个居民点的震害调查资料,系统介绍了该地震的烈度分布及各烈度区的震害特征,并对大姚铜矿的震害现象做了专项分析,对震区烈度异常点的场地条件进行了分析。     

2016年尚义M_S 4.0地震震害特征及发震构造分析

阐述张家口市尚义M_S 4.0地震构造背景、地震活动特征,总结地震应急调查成果,介绍极震区震感现象和分布范围。通过对地震现场调查点和电话调查点的烈度评定,确定极震区的影响烈度为Ⅴ度,圈定地震等烈度分布区域,同时修正观测仪器震中位置。结合本次地震的宏观烈度分布、震源机制和震区卫星影像的线性构造解释等资料,讨论本次地震的孕震构造和发震断层。     

地震预警中同震位移烈度的自动化产出——以苍山5.2级地震为例

本文以苍山5.2级地震为例,探讨了同震位移烈度方法在山东地区地震预警中的应用,着重介绍了同震位移烈度在预警中的自动化产出。同震位移烈度方法在强震后可以快速地得到极震区的烈度分布,能够满足地震预警的要求,但首先要建立研究区域的格林函数和断层参数的数据库,震后根据地震预警中快速定位的结果按距离最小原则调用数据库中震源附近网格点的格林函数和断层信息,生成断层模型,后台计算同震位移的分布,再通过同震位移和烈度的经验对应关系快速自动化产出发震区周围的烈度分布结果,这对强地震预警、震后快速灾害评估和应急救援都有很重要的指导作用。     

河北省张家口市涿鹿M_S4.3级地震震害调查及地震特征分析

总结了张家口涿鹿县MS4.3级地震应急调查工作,了解到震区一带的震感现象和地震影响的分布情况。依据《地震现场工作大纲和技术指南》,以《中国地震烈度表(GB/T 17742-2008)》为烈度评定标准以及其对现场实地调查的要求,确定了此次地震震中区一带的地震影响烈度为Ⅴ度,并圈定了地震的等烈度分布区域。同时,依据震源机制解和现场调查情况,分析了此次地震的特征。     

基于社会视频监控信息源的地震影响范围快速勾画

广泛分布于城乡各地的社会视频监控是震后获取地震灾情的重要数据源。基于地震视频灾情判读系统,对基于视频运动估计方法的主要技术原理和分析处理过程进行改进,并将其应用于2017年浙江临安4.2级地震影响场快速评估中。结果表明:利用该改进方法在震后4h内得到了基于社会监控的烈度分布,计算得到的最高烈度与现场实际调查相同,等震线优势方向与现场工作结果一致,V度面积和现场工作结果接近。     

2018年河北永清MS 4.3地震震害特征

阐述河北永清M_S 4.3地震构造背景和地震活动特征,依据仪器烈度,通过对地震现场调查点评定烈度,根据极震区震感现象和分布范围,确定极震区影响烈度为Ⅴ度,并圈定地震烈度图分布范围,分析此次地震震害特征。     

2020年1月19日新疆伽师6.4级地震灾害损失快速评估精准性分析

进行地震灾害快速评估时,地震发生时刻、震级、极震区烈度评估、宏观震中与微观震中偏离、烈度衰减关系模型、人员伤亡评估模型、房屋震害矩阵等是影响地震灾害损失计算的主要因素,各因素存在不确定性,所以评估结果与实际结果存在一定差距。本文探讨了2020年1月19日新疆伽师6.4级地震灾害评估中极震区烈度评估、地震影响场、宏观震中与微观震中偏离、烈度衰减关系模型、人员伤亡评估模型、房屋震害矩阵与真实结果的偏差。研究结果表明,造成本次地震损失快速评估结果存在偏差的主要因素包括地震影响场分布、人口与房屋建筑（对应抗震能力）数量评估的偏差;提高地震影响场评估、人口、房屋建筑等数据空间分布精准性,是提高地震灾害损失快速评估系统精准性的基础和前提。     

江苏高邮—宝应MS4.9地震强震动观测与记录分析

2012年7月20日江苏高邮—宝应交界处发生MS4.9地震,对江苏省数字强震动台网43个台站获取的强震记录进行初步分析得出,地震的最大水平向加速度为33.76 cm/s2,并计算地震的仪器烈度,得出烈度分布等值线图,与地震现场实际调查的烈度分布情况基本一致。     

江苏高邮—宝应MS4.9地震强震动观测与记录分析

2012年7月20日江苏高邮—宝应交界处发生MS4.9地震,对江苏省数字强震动台网43个台站获取的强震记录进行初步分析得出,地震的最大水平向加速度为33.76 cm/s2,并计算地震的仪器烈度,得出烈度分布等值线图,与地震现场实际调查的烈度分布情况基本一致。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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