山东数字测震台站台基背景噪声分析

介绍了山东数字地震台网基本情况,计算了40个测震台站台基背景噪声,利用Welch方法计算噪声功率谱密度（PSD）,进而计算地震台台基1—20 Hz地动噪声均方根值（RMS）和有效动态观测范围。根据计算结果,依照《地震台站观测环境技术要求》,对山东测震数字台网40个参评测震台站进行背景噪声级别分类,并分析不同台站背景噪声水平较低的原因,以期为测震台网的优化建设提供数据支持。     

陕西数字地震台网的监测能力

利用宽频带数字地震记录无震、无干扰事件情况下的背景噪声资料，给出了陕西数字地震台网的监测能力。在1．0－10Hz的频域内分析了陕西数字地震台网的仪器有效测量动态范围。     

山西数字遥测地震台网各子台台址地脉动噪声分析

通过对山西数字遥测地震台网11个子台台址背景噪声进行分析和计算，得出了各台址背景噪声地脉动速度均方根值(RMS值)、观测动态范围、噪声信号功率谱。结果表明各台址背景噪声水平基本符合数字地震观测技术规范要求。     

山西数字遥测地震台网震源机制解速报方法及结果分析

使用振幅比法计算地震的震源机制解软件，要求条件低、计算简便易行，可满足地震台网在地震速报中同时提供震源机制解参数的需要，利用山西数字遥测地震台网考核运行期间的数字记录资料。进行了震源机制解的速报与分析，结果表明，虽然山西数字遥测地震台网运行的时间很短，能够计算震源机制解的地震有限，但是结果仍可显示出受华北构造应力场一定的控制作用，半数中小地震的震源机制解和华北强震的震源机制解相同。     

山东数字地震台网的监测能力

利用山东数字地震台网数字记录无震、无明显干扰事件情况下的44个台站背景噪声资料,计算了山东数字地震台网的监测能力,并利用"十五"台网试运行期间记录的爆破和地震事件进行检验,得出的计算结果与实际观测结果基本相符:鲁西地区、黄海和渤海海域的地震监测能力达到ML≥1.6,中东部地区地震监测能力达到ML≥1.3,胶东半岛部分地区和鲁南部分地区监测能力达到ML≥0.7.     

Geotech宽频带数字地震观测系统原理及应用

引言为推动我国防震减灾事业的持续发展,“九五”期间在中央和地方各级人民政府的大力支持下,中国地震局实施了“中国数字地震观测系统建设”项目,其中有对区域模拟遥测地震台网进行全面的数字化技术改造和建设。这些数字遥测地震台网观测系统大都采用由国内生产的JCV系列或FSS3型短周期地震计(频带1s～20Hz)和部分FBS3型宽带地震计(频带20s～20Hz)以及16位EDAS3型数据采集器,台网中心采用的是国内EDSPMCRTS实时地震数据处理系统(中国地震局监测预报司,2003)。数字遥测地震台网的运行,很大程度上改善了这些地区的地震监测能力,提…     

天津地区台基背景噪声特征分析

利用Welch算法,选取天津数字地震台网31个台站记录资料中不同时段的无震记录,对无震观测资料进行功率谱计算,然后进行统计分析,得出了天津地区的背景噪声特征:就季节而言,背景噪声值的高值出现在夏天和秋天,低值出现在春天和冬天;就时间而言,高值出现在白天的14时,低值出现在夜间的2时。对比噪声功率谱曲线发现,在0.125~1 Hz频段内有一个明显的峰值,这主要是受海洋的影响。在1~20 Hz频段内,天津地区的背景噪声值高值区出现在中心城区、静海、滨海新区,低值区出现在蓟县、宝坻、宁河、武清,且中心城区、静海、滨海新区白天时段的背景噪声值明显高于夜间时段,这主要是受人为噪声的影响,而在0.125~1 Hz频段内,天津所有地区差异不大。     

云南数字地震台网监测能力

利用云南省数字测震台网记录无震、无明显干扰事件情况下的48个台站背景噪声资料,计算云南数字地震台网理论监测能力,并利用2013年台网实际记录到的地震事件以及云南省区域地震目录最小完整性震级对理论监测能力进行检验,发现计算结果与实际观测结果基本相符,即云南省测震台网对发生在云南地区地震的监测能力达到M≥1.6。     

实时地震数据处理系统网络通讯服务

EDSP-MCRTS是区域数字地震台网中心实时地震数据处理系统专用软件包。该软件包已在全国20多个区域数字地震台网和古巴等国家数字地震台网投入运行。该系统具备以下功能：实时接收多路地震波形数据;实时事件检测;对检测到的地震事件进行自动分析;实时波形数据记录和事件波形数据记录;数据存储管理;系统运行管理。     

工程MASS软件客户端数据库编辑管理功能的实现

为了对数字地震台网产出数据进行有效地管理，辽宁数字遥测地震台网研制了地震数据管理与服务系统(MASS系统)，MASS系统客户端工程MASS软件实现了对数据库的编辑管理功能，本文对其进行了论述。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Solute concentrations in the lower niger river and the source rock contribution

Water quality analyses for the Niger River for the 1980/81 hydrological year are presented. The samples were collected from the main river at Lokoja, and from two main tributaries, the Kaduna and the Benue Rivers. Different water types were distinguished by the concentrations of major ions. The type Ca > Na > Mg > K - HCO₃ > SO₄ > Cl was represented at all stations during at least part of the year. Chloride was found to dominate the sulphate ion in the Kaduna and Niger, while the Benue maintained a higher concentration of sulphate relative to chloride all year round. Distinct patterns of seasonal variation in the ion concentrations were observed, particularly for the samples collected at Lokoja. Low ion concentrations were prominent during periods of high discharge, while low flow periods coincided with high dissolved ion concentrations. The contribution of rainwater to the total dissolved solids in the river waters was assessed indirectly using rainwater chemistry data from the Gulf of Guinea. The estimated rainwater contribution to the Lower Niger amounts to 5.15 mg 1^?1. Geochemical weathering calculations involving reactions of the four major minerals of granitic rocks - anorthite, biotite, albite, and K-feldspar - with carbon dioxide and water, can account for the average water composition of the Lower Niger. The proportion of the ionic components was also related to the occurrence of the respective element in the minerals.