澜沧江南段早中生代酸性火成岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年及构造意义

应用SHRIMP方法对澜沧江南段临沧花岗岩体和云县忙怀组流纹岩代表性样品进行了精确的SHRIMP锆石 U-Pb定年研究. 临沧岩体北段黑云母二长花岗岩(02DX-137)锆石年龄为229.4±3.0 Ma, 南段景洪地区黑云母二长花岗岩(20JH-10)锆石年龄为 230.4±3.6 Ma, 两者在误差范围具有一致的年龄, 可能代表了临沧花岗岩体主体的形成年龄. 云县棉花地忙怀组上段的流纹岩样品(02DX-95)给出了231.0±5.0 Ma的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄. 这些资料为理解滇西古特提斯构造演化提供了重要信息. 临沧岩体南段黑云母花岗岩中存在1977±44 Ma锆石年龄, 表明区内可能存在着早元古代结晶基底.     

新疆西准噶尔包古图斑岩铜矿年代学研究

西准噶尔包古图铜矿是近几年新疆发现的又一个中型斑岩铜矿,其成岩成矿年代学的研究可以对矿床成因、区域成矿规律的认识有更好的制约.包古图地区出露一系列中酸性小岩体,前人按照出露面积大小将这些岩体编号为Ⅰ-Ⅹ号.目前,Ⅴ号岩体已经进行了详勘,探明为中型铜矿,其他几个岩体也都程度不同的投入了勘探工作量,并且发现了较好的成矿迹象.本文利用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb法和单矿物K-Ar法对Ⅴ号岩体进行了成岩成矿年代学研究,其中锆石25个测点的^206Pb/%238USHRIMP年龄大致可以分为加权平均值（335.6±7.8）Ma和（311.4±3.3）Ma的两组,前者被解释为捕获锆石,可能来源于包古图组凝灰岩或者深部的花岗质岩基,有待于进一步研究;后者为含矿岩体侵位年龄.本次研究获得成矿期黑云母的K-Ar年龄为（296.0±3.7）Ma和（297.3±3.8）Ma,结合我们以前所获得的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄310Ma,确定成矿时代为310~296Ma.花岗斑岩和闪长玢岩脉的K-Ar年龄为278~240Ma,根据穿插关系可以判定它们为成矿后脉岩.据此基本建立了包古图斑岩铜矿成岩成矿年代学框架.     

西藏念青唐古拉岩群SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄和Nd同位素研究

对纳木错西缘念青唐古拉岩群中表壳岩和变质深成体进行了锆石阴极发光、背散射电子成像和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄测定, 其形成年龄下限由奥长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄限定为787±9 Ma,上限由花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄限定为748±8 Ma. 这表明念青唐古拉岩群的形成时代与高喜马拉雅结晶岩系形成时代相当, 它们共同组成了印度地盾北部新元古代活动大陆边缘的弧-盆体系. 拉斑玄武岩和花岗岩中继承锆石给出947~1766 Ma的中元古代年龄. 正的εNd(t)值表明, 念青唐古拉岩群中基性岩来源于亏损地幔并受到古老地壳物质的混染, Nd模式年龄和继承锆石U-Pb年龄均指示新元古代时期拉萨地块存在中元古代基底.     

新疆西天山乌孙山地区石英正长斑岩形成时代及其地质意义

新疆西天山乌孙山地区科库萨依系列石英正长斑岩呈岩瘤状、岩脉状产出,侵入于早石炭世大哈拉军山组地层中。其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为314.4±3.7 Ma（MSWD=0.51）,属石炭世晚期,为本区岩浆活动及构造环境探讨提供年代学依据。     

冀东-辽西玄武岩二长岩包体锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素和微量元素示踪燕辽地区169Ma和107Ma的热事件

报道了辽西阜新中生代(92~100 Ma)和冀东平泉第三纪(23~45 Ma)碱性玄武岩K-Ar年龄及其中二长岩包体的锆石原位U-Pb定年、Hf同位素和微量元素微区分析结果, 并对发生于燕辽陆内造山带的壳-幔相互作用进行了讨论. 阜新玄武岩中二长岩包体的锆石有非常一致的中侏罗世U-Pb年龄((169±3) Ma). 平泉玄武岩二长岩包体中除个别锆石具2491 Ma和513 Ma的老年龄外, 95%以上的锆石具(107±10)Ma的U-Pb年龄. 年龄为169 Ma的锆石接近于零的eHf 值(-1.2~ -4.6); 而年龄为107 Ma的锆石的eHf值主要为-11.5~ -16.3, 具明显的壳源性质. 阜新锆石具低的Nb, Ta, Sr, Th, U丰度, 低且狭窄的Hf模式年龄(0.87 ~ 1.00 Ga), 反映其二长岩岩浆源区物质的形成时代较新; 平泉锆石所具有的高不相容微量元素丰度, 高且宽的Hf模式年龄(0.89 ~ 2.56 Ga), 集中在(1.28±0.08)Ga, 则反映复杂的源区组成和较高的地壳成熟程度. 综合资料表明, J₃ ~ K₁是燕辽地区深部过程及壳层构造转折的关键时期, 但深部的作用过程存在明显的时空不均一性.     

西藏高原冈底斯斑岩铜矿带辉钼矿Re-Os年龄: 成矿作用时限与动力学背景应用

采用辉钼矿Re-Os测年法, 对西藏高原新发现的冈底斯斑岩铜矿带中3个典型矿床进行了精确测年. 南木铜矿5件辉钼矿给出一条高精度¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os等时线, 年龄为14.67 ± 0.2 Ma; 冲江铜矿6件辉钼矿构成另一条等时线, Re-Os年龄为14.04 ± 0.16 Ma; 拉抗俄铜矿2件辉钼矿给出2个Re-Os模式年龄, 变化于13.5 ~ 13.6 Ma间. 三个斑岩铜矿的13件辉钼矿构成了一条相关系数为0.99719的¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os等时线, 成矿年龄为14.18 ± 0.29 Ma, 证明整个斑岩铜矿带的成矿事件具有时间一致性, 暗示矿床成矿物质拥有源区的统一性. 冈底斯斑岩成矿带岩浆侵位年龄和斑岩成矿年龄的精细测定结果限定, 冈底斯带岩浆-热液系统出现于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞造山带的碰撞后伸展环境, 东西向强烈伸展, 在14 Ma左右形成一系列横切冈底斯的南北向正断层系统和地堑盆地, 导致长英质岩浆房破裂减压和含矿流体分凝, 进而使斑岩岩浆和成矿流体沿断裂通道浅成侵位和大量排放, 形成大规模的岩浆-热液成矿系统. 该岩浆-热液系统维系时间可能长达3 ~ 10 Ma, 但成矿事件通常瞬时发生, 成矿作用时限不超过1 Ma.     

根据碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年恢复早侏罗世大别造山带源区特征

合肥盆地最古老的中生代地层防虎山组下部地层中碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄范围从200 Ma至大约2500 Ma. 它反映了可能为早侏罗世时期的大别造山带源区的复杂性. 此时期大别造山带物质组成主要包括: 三叠纪的高压- 超高压变质岩, 碎屑锆石年龄234~200 Ma;可能相当于代表中-朝克拉通南缘的秦岭群和二郎坪群的部分岩石, 碎屑锆石年龄481~378 Ma; 原来属扬子克拉通新元古代的岩石, 碎屑锆石年龄799~721 Ma; 以及原来可能属扬子克拉通、大约相当于碎屑锆石年龄2000 Ma和2500 Ma的古老变质基底物质.     

湘东南中生代花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb法定年及其成因指示

湘东南中生代花岗闪长质小岩体与铜多金属成矿带在时空上密切共生, 主要岩性为花岗闪长(斑)岩. 4个花岗闪长质岩体的单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果精确限定了带内花岗闪长质岩体的形成年龄在172～181 Ma之间, 这一年龄也代表了带内铜多金属成矿作用发生的上限年龄. 部分颗粒锆石属残留锆石, 给出了中元古代(1753 Ma左右)年龄信息, 暗示带内花岗闪长质岩浆受到了古老地壳物质的混染作用或前寒武纪岩石是其熔融源区的重要组成之一.     

浙西南变质基底基性-超基性变质岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素研究: 华夏地块变质基底对华南印支期造山的响应

应用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和锆石Hf同位素、微量元素以及锆石Ti含量温度计方法, 对浙西南华夏地块基性-超基性变质岩进行了研究. 由锆石U-Pb定年获得了该地区变质基底岩石的形成年龄和变质年龄. 原岩形成时的岩浆结晶锆石的U-Pb年龄约为1.85 Ga, e Hf(t)主要集中在-7~-3, 二阶段Hf模式年龄为2.9~3.4 Ga, 指示源区物质可能由太古代地壳物质重熔再循环所形成. 变质新生锆石的U-Pb年龄为260~230 Ma, Ti含量温度计显示其变质结晶温度为610~720℃, 与岩相学观察到的事实一致, 证明华夏地块在印支期经历了角闪岩相变质作用, 为华南二叠-三叠纪期间的构造演化提供了时间约束. 该变质作用可能与古太平洋板块俯冲到华南板块之下导致的地壳变形加厚有关. 印支期变质事件的认识对理解华南乃至整个东南亚地区在晚古生代-早中生代的构造演化具有重要意义.     

华北桑干地区大规模麻粒岩相变质作用的时代: 锆石U-Pb年代学

对桑干地区麻粒岩相变质沉积岩系(孔兹岩系)中变质和未变质侵入体进行锆石U-Pb年代学研究, 获得变质花岗岩、变质闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2005±9 Ma和1921±1 Ma, 它们代表岩浆结晶年龄. 另外测得未变质粗粒石榴石花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄1892±10 Ma. 据此, 麻粒岩相变质作用时代应该晚于闪长岩的侵入年龄(1921 Ma), 略早于粗粒石榴石花岗岩的形成年代. 结合已有的年龄资料提出, 桑干地区发育的孔兹岩系、片麻岩地体和高压基性麻粒岩, 它们的麻粒岩相变质作用都发生在早元古代末. 这一时代是华北克拉通碰撞拼合的时代.     

3D electrical structure of porphyry copper deposit: A case study of Shaxi copper deposit

Located in Lu-Zong ore concentration area, middle-lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, ShaXi porphyry copper deposit is a typical hydrothermal deposit. To investigate the distribution of deep ore bodies and spatial characteristics of host structures, an AMT survey was conducted in mining area. Eighteen pseudo-2D resistivity sections were constructed through careful processing and inversion. These sections clearly show resistivity difference between the Silurian sandstones formation and quartz diorite porphyry and this porphyry copper formation was controlled by the highly resistive anticlines. Using 3D block Kriging interpolation method and 3D visualization techniques, we constructed a detailed 3D resistivity model of quartz diorite porphyry which shows the shape and spatial distribution of deep ore bodies. This case study can serve as a good example for future ore prospecting in and around this mining area.     

Re-Os age for molybdenite from the Gangdese porphyry copper belt on Tibetan plateau: Implication for geody- namic setting and duration of the Cu mineralization

It is recognized that there are at least two sorts of significant environments for porphyry copper deposits, i.e. magmatic arcs and collisional orogens[14]. The deposits in the former environments are exampled by the circle-Pacific porphyry copper belt, such as An-dean-type deposits, which mainly formed in the period of the Andean tectonic cycle characterized by trans- pressional and transtensional movements along the arc-parallel strike-slip fault zone in the Late Eo-cene-Early Oligocene[5…     

Petrogenetic implications and geochronology of middle Miocene Tannayama igneous rocks,Goto Islands,Japan Sea southern margin,northwestern Kyushu,Japan

The subduction of “hot” Shikoku Basin and the mantle upwelling related to the Japan Sea opening have induced extensive magmatism during the middle Miocene on both the back-arc and island-arc sides of southwest Japan. The Goto Islands are located on the back-arc side of northwestern Kyushu, and middle Miocene granitic rocks and associated volcanic, hypabyssal, and gabbroic rocks are exposed. The igneous rocks at Tannayama on Nakadori-jima in the Goto Islands consist of gabbronorite, granite, granite porphyry, diorite porphyry, andesite, and rhyolite. We performed detailed geological mapping at a 1:10 000 scale, as well as petrographical and geochemical analyses. We also determined the zircon U–Pb age dating of the igneous rocks from Tannayama together with a granitic rock in Yagatamesaki. The zircon U–Pb ages of the Tannayama igneous rocks show the crystallization ages of 14.7 Ma ± 0.3 Ma (gabbronorite), 15.9 Ma ± 0.5 Ma (granite), 15.4 Ma ± 0.9 Ma (granite porphyry), and 15.1 Ma ± 2.1 Ma (rhyolite). Zircons from the Yagatamesaki granitic rock yield 14.5 Ma ± 0.7 Ma. Considering field relationships, new zircon data indicate that the Tannayama granite formed at ~16–15 Ma, and the gabbronorite, granite porphyry, diorite porphyry, andesite, and subsequently rhyolite formed at 15–14 Ma, which overlaps a plutonic activity of the Yagatamesaki. The geochemical characteristics of the Tannayama igneous rocks are similar to those of the tholeiitic basalts and dacites of Hirado, and the granitic rocks of Tsushima in northwestern Kyushu. This suggests that the Tannayama igneous rocks can be correlated petrogenetically with the igneous rocks in those areas, with all of them generated by the upwelling of hot mantle diapirs during crustal thinning in an extensional environment during the middle Miocene.     

北武夷梨子坑火山盆地流纹斑岩与铅锌矿的成因关系

摘要：梨子坑火山盆地位于北武夷中生代月凤山-梨子坑火山岩带东段,已知铅锌（铜、银）矿体或矿化呈细脉-浸染型、脉状,产于流纹斑岩脉的内外接触带及其外侧围岩中,发育钾化、绿泥石化、硅化、绿帘石化等围岩蚀变。地球化学特征显示流纹斑岩为钙碱性系列,岩石具有高SiO2、富碱、高K2O、高钙铁、低镁、K2O／Na2O值偏高的特点,为强过铝质岩石。w（∑REE）值为76．28×10^-6～222．54×10＆-6（∑LREE／∑HREE）比值较大,为4．08-12．30,属于轻稀土元素富集型。成矿流纹斑岩形成于1372=2．1Ma（SHRIMP锆石U—Pb法）～138．8±1．4Ma（LA-MC—ICPMS锆石U—Pb法）,属早白垩世。铅锌矿属于次火山斑岩脉型铅锌（银铜）成矿系列,划分为次火山斑岩脉型和次火山热液破碎带型两种矿床成因类型。     

UPb zircon and rutile chronology of Archean greenstone formation and gold mineralization in the Val d'Or region, Quebec

UPb geochronology provides an absolute time framework for the evolution of the Sigma gold deposit and surrounding rocks at Val d'Or, southern Abitibi subprovince. The Bourlamaque batholith, the largest pluton in the area, gives a 2699.8 ± 1.0 Ma UPb zircon age. This pluton cuts the Val d'Or Formation which hosts the mineralization. A UPb zircon age of 2704.9 ± 1.1 Ma on a felsic volcanic rock, the Colombière “rhyolite”, 13 km east of the mine dates that formation. The gold-bearing quartz vein system at Sigma is hosted by andesites and two generations of porphyry intrusions, all metamorphosed to the greenschist facies. The oldest porphyry (“porphyritic diorite”) shows the same deformation as the volcanic rocks, and has a 2703.7 ± 2.5 Ma UPb zircon age. The porphyritic diorite and volcanic rocks are cut by feldspar-porphyry dykes which post-date regional folding and have a 2694.0 ± 2.2 Ma UPb zircon age.Regional greenschist metamorphism has been dated directly, with a UPb date of 2684 ± 7 Ma on rutile in the Colombière “rhyolite”. The mineralization and hydrothermal alteration in the mine are superimposed on the metamorphic minerals. Hydrothermal rutile, from an alteration halo around the veins in andesite, has a 2599 ± 9 Ma UPb age. Textural evidence clearly indicates that the wall-rock alteration and vein filling are contemporaneous, and hence the vein system and gold mineralization appear to have developed at least 80 m.y. after the formation and metamorphism of host greenstones.     

Analysis of tectonic settings of global superlarge porphyry copper deposits

About three quarters of superlarge porphyry copper deposits throughout the world occur along the eastern Pacific basin rim, most of which were formed during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. Porphyry copper deposits often occur in the upper parts of a subduction zone and in a within-plate orogenic belt. Some porphyry copper deposits are inconsistent with plate subduction with respect to their formation time, and most of them in the world are associated with tensional environment. Metallogenic porphyries originated from the mantle, and the involvement of the lower-crust or oceanic crust materials have played an important role. Based on the geochemical characteristics and tectonic settings of the ore-bearing porphyries in the Gandise and Yulong metallogenic zones, it is proposed that delamination may be the important mechanism of formation of porphyry copper deposits.     

Analysis of tectonic settings of global superlarge porphyry copper deposits

About three quarters of superlarge porphyry copper deposits throughout the world occur along the eastern Pacific basin rim, most of which were formed during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. Porphyry copper deposits often occur in the upper parts of a subduction zone and in a within-plate orogenic belt. Some porphyry copper deposits are inconsistent with plate subduction with respect to their formation time, and most of them in the world are associated with tensional environment. Metallogenic porphyries originated from the mantle, and the involvement of the lower-crust or oceanic crust materials have played an important role. Based on the geochemical characteristics and tectonic settings of the ore-bearing porphyries in the Gandise and Yulong metallogenic zones, it is proposed that delamination may be the important mechanism of formation of porphyry copper deposits.     

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and phenocryst EPMA of dikes,Guocheng, Jiaodong Peninsula: Implications for North China Craton lithosphere evolution

Widespread dike swarm, including diorite-, monzonite-porphyry and lamprophyre, intruded in the al- tered breccia gold deposits along basin marginal faults, Guocheng, Jiaodong Peninsula. Petrography exhibits biotite enclaves in amphibole phenocrysts and the presence of acicular apatites in these dikes. Electron probe microanalyses (EPMA) show that the amphibole and clinopyroxene phenocryst’s mantle in diorite porphyry and lamprophyre respectively has sharply higher MgO (Mg#) and Cr2O3 contents in contrast to their cores. The plagioclase phenocryst in monzonite porphyry has reverse zoning. These results indicate that the magma mixing between mantle-derived mafic and crust-derived felsic magmas occurred in the original process of the dikes. Zircon cathodoluminescence (CL) images show well-developed magmatic oscillatory zones and the acquired LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages are 114±2 Ma (MSDW=1.5) for monzonite porphyry (GS1) and 116±1 Ma (MSDW=0.8) for diorite porphyry (GS2), respectively. Earlier magmatic events in the northwest Jiaodong Peninsula represented by some inherited or captured zircons also occur in these dikes. Magmatic zircons from GS1 and GS2 display consistent chondrite-normalized REE patterns and Nb/Ta values, implying that they may share a similar or same source. HREE enrichment and obvious negative Eu anomalies of these zircons preclude garnet presented in their source. Our results, combined with preciously pub- lished data, indicate that dike intrusion and gold mineralization among quartz vein, altered tectonite and altered breccia gold deposits are broadly contemporaneous throughout the Jiaodong Peninsula. These also imply that the intensive crust-mantle interaction and asthenospheric underplating had oc- curred in the Early Cretaceous in the Peninsula, together with foundering of lower crust in the early Mesozoic, representing the different stages of lithosphere thinning in the North China Craton (NNC).     

Porphyry copper and tin-bearing porphyries a discussion of genetic models

The paper briefly describes the characteristics of the Chilean porphyry copper deposits, emphasizing the volcanic characteristics observed in the youngest ore bodies. Mention is made of the polymetallic ore bodies that are associated with rhyolitic porphyries intruding Jurassic sedimentary formations in the north of Chile, and the similarities and differences between the Chilean porphyry coppers and the Bolivian tin-bearing porphyries are pointed out.The models proposed by Sillitoe (1972), Brousse and Oyarzún (1971), and Mitchell and Garson (1972), are discussed and a new model is proposed agreeing with that of Mitchell and Garson for the genesis of the tin-bearing porphyries (the transportation of Sn as volatile halogenide by F liberated in the Benioff zone), but suggesting different generating mechanism for the porphyry coppers and polymetallic deposits related with porphyries. This mechanism, as a part of the global tectonic model, is based on the separation at depth of hydrogen sulphide from pyrite and water introduced with the upper layers of the lithospheric plate. The ascending migration of H₂S to high levels in the crust would be responsible for the porphyry copper mineralization by segregating sulphides of Fe, Cu, Mo and other sulphophile metals contained in the calc-alkaline magmas, brines, or sedimentary-volcanic formations intruded by the porphyries. The excess of H₂S would give rise to the formation of sulphur deposits normally present in the volcanic belt situated along the same line but at a higher level than those of the emplacement of porphyry coppers.The generation of copper and tin-bearing porphyries would be a consequence of the upward migration of volatile substances from different depths in the subduction zone, which explain its different emplacement with regards to the continental margins.