导航地理框架数据建模与实现技术初探——基于基础地理数据的道路网络构建

导航地理框架数据是导航地理数据的基础,是集成导航应用的交通信息与服务信息的空间定位框架。导航地理框架数据的特点在于描述与表达道路网络的连通关系。它在表达和组织方式方面与传统的基础地理数据有较大区别。本文通过分析现有基础地理数据中道路信息表达的特点,研究了导航地理框架数据的内容与拓扑表达,提出了基于基础地理数据的导航地理框架数据道路网络构建方法。     

地理数据产业化刍议

地理数据是地理信息系统的血液,因此地理空间数据的产业化直接关系到地理信息产业未来发展的前景。本文首先阐述了地理数据产业的定义和特征,然后分析了地理数据产业目前存在的问题,并从地理数据标准、地理数据质量、地理数据可视化、地理数据安全和保密、地理数据网络服务、地理数据投资、地理数据销售和地理数据应用等几方面提出了对地理数据产业发展的建议。     

大数据时代测绘地理信息服务面临的机遇和挑战

分析了大数据时代测绘地理信息服务呈现出的新特点、新趋势,研究了大数据给测绘地理信息服务带来的机遇和挑战,提出了大数据时代测绘地理信息服务的“5v”要求,并就推进测绘地理信息服务转型升级提出建议。     

关于《地理信息-数据产品规范》标准的思考

随着地理信息产品日益广泛的应用,生产者如何定义产品,用户又如何陈述对数据的需求亟需一个准确的技术描述,即数据产品规范。本文通过对国内外标准的介绍,阐述了采用ISO/TC21119131《Geographic information-Data product specifications》(《地理信息-数据产品规范》)标准的意义和必要性,并依据该标准简要介绍了数据产品规范的定义,并以北京市导航电子地图为例,描述了该数据产品的规范。     

太原测区基础地理信息航测外业控制测量

太原测区1:10 000基础地理信息作为山西省基础地理信息数据库的构成部分,就太原测区航测外业控制测量作了详细的研究,就野外数据采集作了详细说明.为"数字山西"空间数据基础地理信息数据库提供精密数据.     

日本地理信息元数据标准研制概述

本文介绍了地理信息元数据的概况和日本地理信息元数据标准研制的过程,详细阐述了日本地理信息元数据标准,分析了JMP2．0和ISO19115的关系,进一步说明了元数据和数据交换网的概念,最后指出了地理数据共享存在的问题和发展方向。     

数字洛阳地理空间框架建设项目通过验收

<正>10月31日,河南省测绘地理信息局组织有关专家,在洛阳市对洛阳市国土资源局和河南省遥感测绘院共同完成的数字洛阳地理空间框架建设项目进行了验收,并举行成果发布会,启动了数字洛阳地理信息公共平台。数字洛阳地理空间框架建设项目覆盖洛阳全市域多类型、多级比例尺基础地理信息数据,整合了主城区300平方公里倾斜摄影三维数据,建立了基础地理信息数据库,数据成果符合国家规范标准和项目设计要求。项目建立了     

测绘地理信息网络安全及其防护

测绘地理信息是国家重要的基础性、战略性信息资源,事关国家战略安全和核心利益.测绘地理信息网络作为数据生产、管理与服务的信息化物理载体,是安全保密防护的重点.针对近年来测绘地理信息行业安全保密建设存在的问题,依据国家有关安全保密管理政策标准要求,紧密结合测绘地理信息业务特点,提出测绘地理信息网络安全防护目标,并从意识和技术方面分析网络安全隐患,查找不足确定改进对象.在此基础上,全面分析测绘地理信息网络安全建设的主要技术与管理措施,重点就摸清涉密家底、落实管理制度和防护策略、严管涉密数据输入输出和移动存储介质等方面给出具体可行的安全防护方法,对测绘地理信息行业建设涉密网络安全防护环境具有参考价值.     

重庆市标准地址模型与地址库研究与实践

结合重庆山地城市特点,研究了重庆标准地址要素分类、组合模式及层次关系。基于此模型对覆盖重庆主城600平方千米的40万条地址数据进行分词、分层,建设地址数据库。在应用方面,对卫生、教育、事业单位等行业专题数据进行地址匹配,为政务地理信息提供良好的服务支撑。     

我国地理信息产业标准化的分析与对策研究

我国地理信息产业的迅速发展,对标准化工作提出了新的更高要求。本文阐述了标准化工作对地理信息产业发展的支撑作用,回顾了"十一五"期间我国地理信息标准化的工作进展,以地理信息国家标准及其在研项目的构成情况为基础,针对普遍反映的标准化问题,从标准化工作主体和客体(即:标准制定者及标准本身)的组成和变化的视角进行系统分析,结果表明:我国地理信息国家标准的制定主体仍为标准科研及行业事业单位,企业制定标准的较少;现有地理信息国家标准仍以基础通用和数据资源类标准为主,面向产业发展的应用服务类标准仍然缺乏。分析认为:地理信息产业发展各种标准化问题产生的根源在于当前标准化工作机制不适应产业发展的需要。本文在此基础上,提出了适合地理信息产业健康发展的标准化工作机制设想,以及应采取的对策。     

Characteristics of Thermal and Geopotential Height Differences Between Continent and Ocean and Its Role in the Strength of the Asian Summer Monsoon

The interdecadal factors affecting the summer monsoon winds over Somalia and the South China Sea were studied. Global geopotential heights and wind velocity fields of the 850-hPa and 200-hPa pressure levels, as well as sea surface temperature anomaly data and correlation coefficients were analyzed. The monsoons over Somalia and the South China Sea were found to be two different monsoon systems, operating on different mechanisms and being affected by different ocean-atmosphere interactions. The intensity of the Asian subtropical summer monsoon is influenced by the intensity of the summer monsoon over Somalia in the month of June and by the intensity of the summer monsoon over the South China Sea in the months of June and July. The summer monsoon wind strength over Somalia is affected by regional factors, such as the heating of the Tibetan plateau, and by global mechanisms, such as the subtropical heat exchange with Antarctica. The summer monsoon over the South China Sea is affected by different ocean-atmosphere interactions. The Somalia and subtropical summer monsoons have wind blowing down the pressure gradient from area over ocean to that over land, like typical summer monsoons. The South China Sea summer monsoon has winds that blow down the pressure gradient from area over land to that over ocean. The South China Sea summer monsoon is affected by the Kuroshio Current off the east coast of Japan.     

南海北部花斑蛇鲻生长死亡参数估计及开捕规格

将南海北部花斑蛇鲻分成南海北部大陆架和北部湾两个不同海域群体 ,计算花斑蛇鲻的生长与死亡参数。得到的VonBertalanffy生长方程的相关参数为 :南海北部大陆架L∞ =4 5.5cm ,K =0 .2 8,t0 =- 0 .4 6 0 ;北部湾L∞ =4 0 .0cm ,K =0 .30 ,t0 =- 0 .4 43。计算自然死亡系数得南海北部大陆架为 0 .6 3;北部湾为 0 .6 7;捕捞死亡系数南海北部大陆架为 0 .79,北部湾为 1.11。据等渔获量曲线建议南海北部大陆架花斑蛇鲻开捕体长由 13.3cm增加至 2 0 .0cm ,同时 ,捕捞死亡系数可由当前的 0 .79放宽至 1.0 ;北部湾花斑蛇鲻开捕体长由 13.5cm增加至 19.0cm的同时 ,捕捞死亡系数可由当前的 1.11放宽至 1.5。     

Tectonic Evolution and Geological Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Marine Mesozoic–Paleozoic Strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin

The South Yellow Sea Basin is the main body of the lower Yangtze area in which marine Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata are widely distributed.The latest geophysical data were used to overcome the limitation of previous poor-quality deep data.Meanwhile,the geological characteristics of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the marine Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin were analyzed by comparing the source rocks and the reservoir and utilizing drilling and outcrop data.It is believed that the South Yellow Sea Basin roughly underwent six evolutionary stages:plate spreading,plate convergence,stable platform development,foreland basin development,faulted basin development,and depression basin development.The South Yellow Sea Basin has characteristics of a composite platform-fault depression geological structure,with a half-graben geological structure and with a ‘sandwich structure' in the vertical direction.Four sets of hydrocarbon source rocks developed – the upper Permian Longtan–Dalong formation,the lower Permian Qixia formation,the lower Silurian Gaojiabian formation,and the lower Cambrian Hetang formation/Mufushan formation,giving the South Yellow Sea Basin relatively good hydrocarbon potential.The carbonate is the main reservoir rock type in the South Yellow Sea area,and there are four carbonate reservoir types:porous dolomitic,reef-bank,weathered crust,and fractured.There are reservoir-forming horizons similar to the typical hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Yangtze land area developed in the South Yellow Sea,and there are three sets of complete source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages developed in the marine strata,with very good hydrocarbon potential.     

ESTIMATION OF ATMOSPHERIC INPUT OF MERCURY TO SOUTH LAKE AND JINGYUE POOL

Taking South Lake and Jingyue Pool in Changchun as examples,we determined particulate Hg in ambient air and Hg concentration in precipitation.Results indicated that particulate Hg in air and Hg concentration in precipita-tion in both sites in nonheating period were lower than that in heating period,which is influenced by coal combustion.The annual particulate Hg concentrations in precipitation were 0.268μg/L(South Lake)and 0.108μg/L(Jingyue Pool).The high-er particulate Hg concentrations in precipitation were 0.268μg/L(South Lake) and 0.108μg/L(Jingyue Pool).The high-er particulate Hg concentration in air and Hg concentration in precipitation in South Lake than that of Jingyue Pool indicat-ed that mercury deposition was influenced by anthropogenic sources(especially from coas combustion).Hg concentration in precipitation is related with particulate Hg in the atmosphere.Dry deposition fluxes were estimated by using dry deposi-tion model on the base of particulate Hg concentrations in the atmosphere,they were estimated by using dry deposi-tion model on the base of particulate Hg concentrations in the atmosphere,they were 35.5μg/(m^2.a) for South lake and 15.3μg/(m^2.a)for Jingyue Pool.Combined with precipitation amount,wet deposition fluxes were estimated in these two sites,152.2μg(m^2.a)for South Lake and 61.2μg/(m^2.a)for Jingyue Pool.Atmospheric Hg deposition fluxes were 160.2g/a for South Lake and 328.62g/a for Jingyue Pool.e     

南海北部近海柱状沉积物多环芳烃组成及来源分析

【目的】研究南海北部近海区域柱状沉积物多环芳烃组成及分布特征,讨论全新世早期火历史及气候变化。【方法】利用AMS ¹⁴C定年技术结合有机地球化学分析手段对全新世早期南海北部近海沉积物柱状样品中多环芳烃(PAHs)分布特征进行研究。【结果】南海北部近海沉积物中16种PAHs总浓度范围为8.58~17.48 ng/g,在约10000 a B.P.的全新世早期呈现先增大后减小波动变化,与TOC变化基本同步。【结论】沉积物中多环芳烃主要来源于南海北部近海陆源区域自然火灾产生的焦炭残渣。PAHs的沉积浓度变化间接指示了全新世早期东亚季风的强度变化。     

阿尔泰南缘地球物理场特征与矿床分布规律

通过对新疆阿尔泰南缘地球物理场特征-深部构造-已知大型矿床分布规律的系统研究,认为该地区不同属性的地质块体受3组基底构造控制,即EW向、NE向和NW向3组基底构造系,并认为该地区已知大型-超大型矿床同样受这3组深部构造系的控制.最后对阿尔泰地区进行了大型、超大型多金属矿床成矿预测.     

Using satellite magnetic data to divide geological tectonic units of South China Sea

The South China Sea locates at the convergence center of the Eurasian Plate,the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australia plate. The Cenozoic seafloor spreading in the South China Sea Basin is an important part of the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea that records information of the continental margin tectonic history and its impact on regional geologic evolution. Magnetic data contains abundant geological structure information from the surface to deep. This paper reports magnetic data of the South China Sea. Through the conventional processing of these magnetic data,we report general results on the regional magnetic anomalies,such as the upward continuation graph,the polar magnetic anomaly map and the magnetic anomaly partition map. The magnetic anomaly field in the South China Sea is divided into eight areas,of which the characteristics are explained,and the tectonic evolution of the South China Sea is preliminarily discussed.     

南海地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度估计

分析了测高卫星同时应用于重力模型和地形模型时对计算南海地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度的影响,该影响可能会高估有效弹性厚度值.对比多项研究认为,南沙群岛地区岩石圈的有效弹性厚度约为9 km.通过对南海地区岩石圈的有效弹性厚度分布进行计算发现,南海海盆的有效弹性厚度最小约为4 km,南海周边的有效弹性厚度值较高,与海底岩石圈年龄的...     

Southern ocean SST variability and its relationship with ENSO on inter-decadal time scales

Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis reveals a co-variability of Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the Southern Hemisphere (0°-60°S). In the South Indian and Atlantic Oceans, there is a subtropical dipole pattern slanted in the southwest- north-east direction. In the South Pacific Ocean, a meridional tripole structure emerges, whose middle pole co-varies with the dipoles in the South Indian and Atlantic Oceans and is used in this study to track subtropical Pacific variability. The South Indian and Atlantic Ocean dipoles and the subtropical Pacific variability are phase-locked in austral summer. On the inter-decadal time scales, the dipoles in the South Indian and Atlantic Oceans weaken in amplitude after 1979/1980. No such weakening is found in the subtropical South Pacific Ocean. Interestingly, despite the reduced amplitude, the correlation of the Indian Ocean and Atlantic dipoles with El Nio and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are enhanced after 1979/1980. The same increase in correlation is found for subtropical South Pacific variability after 1979/1980. These inter-decadal modulations imply that the Southern Hemisphere participates in part of the climate shift in the late 1970s. The correlation between Southern Hemisphere SST and ENSO reduces after 2000.     

马来西亚在南海的战略利益分析

采用实证分析法,分析了对马来西亚南海战略利益及政策,认为马来西亚南海政策具有较为明显的务实性、矛盾性、两面性特点,未来具有解决南海问题多边化、国际化的趋向,我国对此发展趋向应予以高度重视。