金乌贼热休克蛋白基因的挖掘及对低盐胁迫的响应

热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins:HSPs)为动植物响应外界胁迫产生的一类蛋白质,能有效改善机体对外界胁迫的适应能力。本研究基于先前获得的低盐胁迫金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)高通量转录组数据,对与低盐胁迫密切相关的热休克蛋白(热休克蛋白家族和晶体蛋白(crystallin)家族)基因进行挖掘;鉴于实时定量内参基因筛选,同时挖掘出金乌贼肌动蛋白(actin)家族系列基因;然后,对肌动蛋白、热休克蛋白和晶体蛋白家族基因及其编码的氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析并探究低盐胁迫对金乌贼热休克蛋白和晶体蛋白家族基因表达的影响。金乌贼肌动蛋白家族基因包括actin、内收肌actin、胞质actin、actin 1、actin II和βactin 6个成员,热休克蛋白家族基因包括HSPβ、小HSP、HSP 10、HSP 16、HSP 30、HSP 60、HSP 70、HSP 75、HSP 90α、HSP 90和HSP 90β11个成员,金乌贼晶体蛋白家族基因包括S crystallin、S crystallin 6、S crystallin SL18和O crystallin 4个成员。氨基酸序列比对发现,肌动蛋白家族6个基因共享甘氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸、异亮氨酸、苏氨酸和天冬氨酸等13个位点,晶体蛋白家族4个基因共享苯丙氨酸、天冬酰胺、甘氨酸、天冬氨酸、脯氨酸、精氨酸、酪氨酸、丝氨酸和半胱氨酸等17个位点,而热休克蛋白家族HSPβ、小HSP、HSP 10、HSP 16和HSP 305个基因共享1个甘氨酸位点和4个保守位点,HSP 60、HSP 70、HSP 75、HSP 90α、HSP 90和HSP 90β6个基因仅共享2个保守位点。实时定量结果发现,低盐胁迫可以明显提高金乌贼HSPβ、HSP 16、HSP 30和HSP 70的基因表达,而明显降低晶体蛋白家族基因的表达,表明在低盐胁迫条件下,金乌贼热休克蛋白家族基因通过自身的差异表达来提高机体对外界胁迫的适应防御能力。     

龙须菜(Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis)海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)对逆境胁迫的响应

非还原性二糖海藻糖及其代谢物是调控植物生长发育和逆境响应的信号分子。本研究以大型海藻龙须菜(Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis)为对象,从基因转录、蛋白和酶活性3个水平探讨了海藻糖合成酶——海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)对高温、高盐及渗透胁迫的响应。龙须菜中4条TPS序列均具有TPS家族保守结构域(Glyco-transf-20)和TPP家族保守结构域(Trehalose-PPase),且属于Class I亚家族。在转录水平上,高盐胁迫主要促进了TPS1、TPS2和TPS4基因的表达,而渗透胁迫则总体抑制了TPS1、TPS2和TPS3基因的表达。在高盐胁迫48 h时, TPS1蛋白含量升高到对照组的2.03倍。在高温和高盐胁迫24 h时, TPS活性升高,而在高盐胁迫48 h及渗透胁迫条件下酶活性降低。可见海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶参与了龙须菜抗高温和高盐胁迫的应答,但对渗透胁迫不敏感。该研究为提高龙须菜抗逆性及培育抗逆龙须菜品种提供了参考。     

太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因克隆及在金属胁迫下的表达分析

热休克蛋白70(HSP70)是生物体内一种重要的机体与细胞保护性蛋白。本文利用RT-PCR以及RACE技术首次克隆获得太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)HSP70简称Ep.HSP70 c DNA的全长序列,序列全长为2252bp(KY807149),开放阅读框(ORF)长1947bp,编码649个氨基酸,5′端99bp,3’端206bp;预测蛋白分子量为70.81k Da,等电点为5.16,为一种亲水性蛋白,不存在信号肽及跨膜区,含有丰富的α螺旋结构(37.60%),β折叠(18.80%)。同源氨基酸序列比对发现,与其他甲壳动物的同源基因保守性较高,尤其是HSP70家族典型的结构位点序列在甲壳类动物中具有高度保守性。系统进化分析表明,太平洋真宽水蚤和安氏伪镖水蚤(Pseudodiaptomus annandalei)进化关系最近;桡足类种内同源性要高于虾蟹类,与虾类同源性高于蟹类。荧光定量数据分析表明,不同浓度铜、镉、锌胁迫下太平洋真宽水蚤HSP70基因表达水平具有显著的时间效应与浓度效应的特征,三种金属对Ep.HSP70抑制效应呈现CuCdZn的趋势。Ep.HSP70基因的成功克隆及金属胁迫下的表达分析为深入研究HSP70蛋白生物学功能具有重要意义。     

缢蛏HAT基因家族的全基因组鉴定及在环境因子、细菌胁迫下的表达分析

组蛋白乙酰化酶(histone acetyltransferases, HATs)在机体发育和环境胁迫响应的调控中发挥着重要作用,但在海洋贝类中研究极少。缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)作为典型的滩涂双壳贝类,经常面临多种极端环境和细菌胁迫的挑战,基于全基因组和转录组数据系统分析了缢蛏HAT基因家族(ScHATs)的系统发育关系,以及它们在不同发育时期、不同环境因子和细菌胁迫下的表达模式。结果共鉴定出11个ScHATs基因,根据序列同源性分为GNAT、MYST和p300/CBP三类,每个亚家族中几乎所有的HAT都具有特定的保守结构域和保守基序。基因表达谱和qRT-PCR分析显示,ScHATs在幼虫发育前期表达量普遍高于发育后期;在氨氮胁迫下,ScKAT2B、ScKAT8、ScKAT9-2、Scp300在鳃中的表达量显著变化(P<0.05);在高温胁迫下,ScHATs在鳃和肝胰腺中表现出相似的表达模式,而Scp300在肝胰腺中的表达量显著降低(P<0.05);在副溶血弧菌胁迫下,ScHATs的表达均出现显著上调(P<0.05)。综上结果提示, Sc...     

低盐胁迫对脊尾白虾过氧化氢酶和硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因表达的影响

过氧化氢酶(CAT)和硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Se-GPx)在抗氧化防御体系中扮演重要的角色,在清除多余的活性氧自由基(ROS)防止机体氧化损伤方面具有重要的作用.本文利用RACE-PCR方法首次从脊尾白虾肝胰腺组织中克隆获得了CAT cDNA全长序列,该基因全长2649 bp,包括5′非编码区(UTR) 78 bp、开放阅读框(ORF)1554 bp和3′非编码区(UTR) 1017 bp,共编码517个氨基酸,预测分子量为58.46 kDa,理论等电点为6.64,利用PROSITE tools预测CAT基因的功能位点,发现该氨基酸序列包括酶活性中心序列“FDRERIPERVVHAKGAG”,亚铁血红素结合信号序列“RLFSYPDTH”和 3个催化位点残基His⁷¹,Asn¹⁴⁴和Tyr³⁵⁴.同源性分析表明,脊尾白虾CAT氨基酸序列与其他物种的相似性为68%-92%.荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,CAT基因在肝胰腺、血细胞、心脏、肌肉、卵巢、鳃、胃和眼柄均有表达,其中在肝胰腺中表达量最高.低盐胁迫后脊尾白虾鳃和肝胰腺中CAT和GPx基因分别在48 h和6 h达到最大值,且与对照组差异显著(P< 0.05),表明CAT和GPx基因参与了低盐胁迫反应,并表现出一定时间效应关系.综合分析结果指出脊尾白虾CAT基因是CAT家族主要成员之一,可能在低盐环境胁迫过程中具有重要的作用.     

日本囊对虾Marsupenaeus japonicus)组织蛋白酶D基因克隆及表达分析

组织蛋白酶D是溶酶体天冬氨酸蛋白酶家族的主要成员,广泛参与动物机体细胞内蛋白质的降解过程,对维持细胞稳态和正常代谢具有重要的作用。为研究组织蛋白酶D在甲壳动物非特异性免疫和幼体发育过程中的作用,本研究采用RACE技术首次克隆得到日本囊对虾组织蛋白酶D基因cDNA序列,命名为MjCatD,其中开放阅读框长为1161 bp,编码386个氨基酸残基。序列分析和同源建模显示该基因编码的蛋白含有保守的N-糖基化位点、天冬氨酸蛋白酶签名序列、酶活化位点和非消化性组织蛋白酶D的特征序列,并且呈保守的双叶形结构。同源性比较和系统进化分析发现,MjCatD与斑节对虾、美洲螯龙虾和脊尾白虾相似性较高,并且与它们紧密聚为一支。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,MjCatD基因在日本囊对虾多个组织中均有表达,其中肝胰腺中表达量最高。在白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus, WSSV)感染后3～24 h日本囊对虾肝胰腺中MjCatD的表达量逐渐下降,而在48 h急剧上调至最高表达量并且与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。此外,MjCatD基因在幼体发育不同阶段中也表现出明显的变化趋势。以上研究表明,MjCatD基因可能参与日本囊对虾先天免疫反应和幼体发育过程。     

香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis) JNK1基因克隆及其在成熟卵过熟进程中的表达变化

c-Jun氨基端激酶(c-JunN-terminalkinases,JNKs)是丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)蛋白超家族成员之一,参与细胞骨架构建、细胞凋亡等多种细胞活动。本研究克隆了香鱼(Plecoglossusaltivelis)JNK1基因cDNA序列,并检测了其成熟卵在排入体腔保存不同时间(0—96h)的过熟过程中JNK1基因的表达变化。结果显示,香鱼JNK1基因cDNA序列全长1670bp,含一个长度1155bp的开放读码框,编码384个氨基酸,预测蛋白分子质量约44.2kDa、理论等电点6.61。氨基酸序列多重比对显示硬骨鱼类中JNK1氨基酸序列高度保守,香鱼与黄鳝的JNK1序列相似性最高(97.6%)。系统进化树分析显示各种脊椎动物的JNK1、JNK2、JNK3分别聚为一簇;本研究获得的香鱼JNK1位于JNK1大簇中并与黄鳝JNK1优先相聚,表明二者进化关系较近。RT-PCR检测结果显示健康香鱼JNK1基因在脑和性腺中高表达,肝和鳃中无表达。实时荧光定量PCR检测显示香鱼成熟卵JNK1基因的表达变化与卵的受精率、孵化率随保存时间延长而降低之间存在相关性:成熟卵随保存时间的延长JNK1表达量逐渐升高、在48h时达到峰值(24h、48h时的表达量分别为0h时的1.49倍和2.55倍),在此期间卵有较高的受精率和孵化率(48h时分别为88.99%和67.32%);保存时间继续延长时卵内JNK1基因都处于高表达水平,72h和96h时的表达量分别为0h时的2.32倍和1.53倍,而卵的质量也在保存超过48h后急剧下降(72h时受精率和孵化率分别为50.2%和25.54%)直至基本失去受精、孵化能力(96h时受精率和孵化率分别为10.83%和0.54%)。综上,香鱼JNK1基因表达上调与香鱼成熟卵的过熟凋亡过程密切相关,为深入研究香鱼JNK1基因的功能及卵过熟机制提供了基础资料。     

Metallothionein and stress protein levels in shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) along a trace metal gradient in the Fal estuary (UK)

A field study was conducted to assess the potential use of metallothionein (MT) and stress proteins as biomarkers of trace metal exposure. Shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) were collected from five sites: three located in the metal-contaminated Fal estuary (Southwest England) and two control sites located on the south coast of England. Two methods for determining MT levels in crab midgut gland were compared. A direct method in which MT was quantified by spectrophotometric measurement of SH content, and an indirect method in which the metal content (Cu and Zn) of partially purified MT was measured. Stress protein levels (stress-70) were quantified in crab gills using an improved western blotting technique. Elevated Cu and Cd concentrations compared to values in control crabs were found in the midgut glands of crabs from the Fal estuary. No significant variation was seen in Zn concentrations among the five sites. The two techniques used for MT analysis yielded similar results. Metallothionein concentrations were slightly higher in crabs from Restronguet Creek (the most metal-contaminated site) than in crabs from the other four sites, however this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Stress protein levels did not reflect the metal gradient.     

GSTA is a major glutathione S-transferase gene responsible for 4-hydroxynonenal conjugation in largemouth bass liver

We have previously shown that largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) has a remarkable ability to conjugate 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a mutagenic and cytotoxic α,β-unsaturated aldehyde produced during the peroxidation of lipids. In addition, we have isolated a glutathione S-transferase cDNA (bass GSTA) that encodes a recombinant protein which is highly active in 4HNE conjugation and structurally similar to plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) GSTA. In the present study, HPLC-GST subunit analysis revealed the presence of at least two major GST isoforms in bass liver, with one peak constituting 80% of the total bass liver GST protein. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and electrospray ionization analysis of the major bass GST subunit yielded a molecular weight of 26,396 kDa. Endo-proteinase Lys-C digestion and Edman degradation protein sequencing of this GST peak demonstrated that this protein was encoded by bass GSTA. Analysis of genomic DNA fragments isolated by nested PCR indicated the presence of a GST gene cluster in bass liver that contained GSTA, and was similar to a GST gene cluster characterized by Leaver et al., in plaice. Collectively, our data indicates the presence of a major GST in bass liver involved in the protection against oxidative stress. This GST is part of a gene cluster that may be conserved in certain freshwater and marine fish.     

脊尾白虾蜕皮抑制激素基因全长cDNA的克隆及其对环境胁迫的响应

为研究脊尾白虾蜕皮抑制激素基因(MIH)在环境适应中的作用,本文采用RACE技术从蜕皮间期脊尾白虾眼柄中克隆获得MIH-like基因全长c DNA序列,命名为Ec MIH。该基因全长1218bp,包括360bp的开放阅读框,420bp的5'端非编码区和394bp的3'端非编码区;开放阅读框编码120个氨基酸,包括41个氨基酸组成的信号肽和79个氨基酸组成的成熟肽,预测蛋白分子量为13.71k Da,理论等电点p I为8.02。同源性比较分析发现,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因与日本沼虾和罗氏沼虾同源性最高,分别为87%和86%。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因在眼柄中的表达量最高,在卵巢中的表达量最少,而在肝脏、肌肉、鳃和血细胞中不表达。环境胁迫后该基因具有明显的时序性。p H6.5胁迫后24h和48h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);4mg/L氨氮浓度组胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);盐度39胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05)。本研究结果表明脊尾白虾mih基因参与了环境胁迫后的机体应激反应。     

Metallothionein-like proteins induced by cadmium stress in the scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis

Organisms have evolved a cellular response called stress protein response that increases their tolerance in adverse environmental conditions. Well known stress proteins that bind essential and toxic metals are metallothionein (MT). The scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis is the most interesting organism because it is able to accumulate toxic cadmium in its digestive gland. However, in the tissue of the digestive gland of Mizuhopecten yessoensis MT (metallothioneins) have not been found. Eastern scallops, Mizuhopecten yessoensis, were collected from two locations ?? one clean and one polluted site. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were measured in the digestive gland. There was a significant increase in Cd concentrations in this studied tissue. We found that in the presence of cadmium Mizuhopecten yessoensis can induce high molecular proteins. The results of experiments have shown that Cd-binding ligands have a number of properties similar to MT: acetone and temperature stability; the ability to bind some metals, including Cd, Cu and Zn. Protein chromatography (FPLC, Superosa 12) from the digestive gland of scallop M. yessoensis has shown that cadmium is associated with high molecular weight Cd-binding proteins (72 kDa and 43 kDa). The major cadmium-binding protein 72 kDa is glycoprotein. In experiments we have demonstrated that Cd-binding proteins can be induced when there is cadmium exposure. The results of this study strongly suggest that the far eastern scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis has a unique and well-developed system for the detoxification of heavy metals and it allows for biochemical systems to be maintained in a relatively stable manner in the presence of heavy metals.     

团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)两种热休克蛋白 70(HSP70s)的原核表达、纯化及鉴定

采用PCR方法扩增团头鲂组成型HSC70和诱导型HSP70基因完整的编码区片段,并分别克隆到原核表达载体pET-22b(+)中,然后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用1mmol/L IPTG在不同温度及时间下进行诱导表达。采用Ni-NTA His Bind Resins亲和层析和DEAE-Sepharose FF阴离子交换柱层析对目的蛋白进行纯化,并进行SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析。结果表明,成功构建了团头鲂两种重组表达质粒pET-22b(+)/Ma-HSC70和pET-22b(+)/Ma-HSP70,表达融合蛋白的相对分子量均约为72kDa,并能与兔抗人HSP70多抗进行特异性结合,这两种HSP70s融合蛋白经纯化后的纯度均达到95%以上。本实验选择融合蛋白Ma-HSC70在25℃和Ma-HSP70在30℃下分别诱导7h作为可溶性表达的最佳条件。     

海萝抗氧化酶系与失水响应因子表达模式分析

潮间带红藻海萝(Gloiopeltis furcata)对失水胁迫具有很强的耐受能力。为探索海萝周期性失水过程中的响应机制,本研究在24 h内设计了两次连续的失水-复水循环处理,测定了海萝抗氧化酶活力的变化情况。同时,利用转录组测序技术,结合荧光定量PCR方法(qRT-RCR),对海萝失水响应基因的转录表达进行了验证。结果表明:海萝转录组共组装到32681条基因。与对照组相比,处理组共表达了7161条差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs)。KEGG分析显示, DEGs分布在代谢、环境信息加工、有机体系统、遗传信息加工、细胞进程等方面。海萝抗氧化酶活力测定发现,抗氧化能力对海萝响应失水胁迫十分重要。过氧化氢酶(CAT)、硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)参与抗氧化过程,其中CAT酶活力对海萝抵抗失水胁迫尤为重要。此外,qRT-PCR结果显示,海萝中渗透调节物质红藻糖苷合成的相关基因(GfUGPase、GfGK、GfGPDH)只对初次失水处理有正响应。而热激蛋白70基因(GfHSP70)、碳酸酐酶基因(GfCA)、MYB蛋白编码基因(GfMYB)以及谷胱甘肽S转移酶基因(GfGST)在两次失水过程中其转录水平均有上调表达,它们也参与了海萝失水响应机制。     

单环刺螠GATAB2的基因克隆及表达分析

GATA家族是经典的转录因子家族,因其能特异性的与核苷酸序列T/A(GATA)A/G结合而得名。前期研究在单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)中筛选到GATA家族成员GATA B2与硫代谢关键酶硫醌氧化还原酶(Sulfide quinone oxidoreductase,sqr)启动子高转录活性区相互作用。为了进一步研究其是否参与硫化物代谢过程,本文鉴定了单环刺螠GATA B2基因(UuGATA B2),并分析其在成体各组织和硫化物暴露后的表达特征。结果显示:单环刺螠GATA B2的ORF全长为1788 bp,编码585个氨基酸;该氨基酸序列包含2个GATA家族保守的锌指结构域;系统进化分析显示UuGATA B2先与小头虫的GATA B2聚类,再与其它GATA4/5/6亚家族成员聚类。随后制备UuGATA B2多克隆抗体,利用Western blotting检测其在单环刺螠成体不同组织中的表达水平,结果显示其在体壁中的蛋白表达水平最高,中肠次之,后肠和肛门囊表达量较低,体腔液最低。由于sqr在硫化物暴露后的后肠中表达量最高,进一步对单环刺螠暴露在150μmol/L硫化物环境时后肠中UuGATA B2的表达进行了检测,发现其显著的响应硫化物胁迫,并在暴露12 h时含量达到最高,是对照组的2.32倍,表明UuGATA B2参与了单环刺螠硫化物应激过程。本文首次报道了GATA B2在硫化物应激中的表达特征,为后续深入探讨GATA家族在硫化物应激中的作用提供了基础数据。     

GSTA is a major glutathione S-transferase gene responsible for 4-hydroxynonenal conjugation in largemouth bass liver

We have previously shown that largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) has a remarkable ability to conjugate 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a mutagenic and cytotoxic alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde produced during the peroxidation of lipids. In addition, we have isolated a glutathione S-transferase cDNA (bass GSTA) that encodes a recombinant protein which is highly active in 4HNE conjugation and structurally similar to plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) GSTA. In the present study, HPLC-GST subunit analysis revealed the presence of at least two major GST isoforms in bass liver, with one peak constituting 80% of the total bass liver GST protein. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and electrospray ionization analysis of the major bass GST subunit yielded a molecular weight of 26,396 kDa. Endo-proteinase Lys-C digestion and Edman degradation protein sequencing of this GST peak demonstrated that this protein was encoded by bass GSTA. Analysis of genomic DNA fragments isolated by nested PCR indicated the presence of a GST gene cluster in bass liver that contained GSTA, and was similar to a GST gene cluster characterized by Leaver et al., in plaice. Collectively, our data indicates the presence of a major GST in bass liver involved in the protection against oxidative stress. This GST is part of a gene cluster that may be conserved in certain freshwater and marine fish.     

太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica) CRH-BP基因克隆及表达分析

促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素结合蛋白(CRH-BP)是一种糖基化蛋白,与促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)具有很高的亲和力,对CRH诱导的脑垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的释放起到抑制作用。本研究采用RT-PCR与RACE基因克隆方法首次获得太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)CRH-BP基因全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:MF289345)1950bp,其中ORF区1245bp编码415个氨基酸,5′非编码区841bp,3′非编码区294bp,理论分子量/等电点为45.816/5.87。生物学序列分析结果表明,太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP氨基酸序列与桡足类中近亲真宽水蚤同源性最高;具有6个蛋白修饰位点及蛋白家族标签序列,具有明显的跨膜结构域及信号肽。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP基因在盐度、温度及pH环境胁迫中的mRNA表达量均具有一定的时间梯度表达性与浓度梯度表达性特征。本文通过对太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP基因结构及不同环境因子刺激下的表达特点的研究为探究桡足类在环境应激、生殖生理及免疫调控等方面奠定了理论基础。     

金属蛋白酶对大菱鲆血清抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响

为了研究金属蛋白酶对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)抗氧化系统的影响,作者分别对大菱鲆肌肉注射不同浓度的金属蛋白酶,并于3、6、12、24、48、72 h测定血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。结果显示,低质量浓度组(0.037mg/mL)金属蛋白酶处理后,CAT和T-SOD活力除3h显著高于对照组外(P0.05),其余时间点均与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),而低浓度组GSH-Px和T-AOC在整个试验过程中均与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05)。中质量浓度组(0.073mg/mL)金属蛋白酶胁迫后血清中CAT、GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC在3 h～72 h均呈现波浪形的变化趋势。高质量浓度组(0.147 mg/mL)金属蛋白酶对上述4种抗氧化酶产生不同程度的抑制,且在6 h～72 h均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。金属蛋白酶低质量浓度和中质量浓度组MDA含量呈现较为平稳的变化趋势,且与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05),而高质量浓度组MDA含量在3 h～72 h均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。     

Characterization and molecular analysis of hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in the marine fish, Pleuronectes platessa

Here we report the results of the first molecular enzymological study of fish UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT). UDPGT activities of plaice liver microsomes were greatest for planar phenols and there was low but measurable conjugation of bilirubin, testosterone and androsterone. A highly purified preparation was isolated which possessed activities towards 1-naphthol, bilirubin and testosterone, containing several molecular weight species of M_r 52–56 kDa. On immunoblot analysis these proteins cross-reacted with a polyspecific anti-rat UDPGT antibody, suggesting that a number of plaice UDPGT isoforms with epitopes in common with the corresponding rat enzymes had been purified.     

The role of the stress proteins response in physiological adaptation of marine molluscs

Organisms have evolved a highly conserved cellular response called the heat-shock or stress proteins response (SPR) that increases their tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. We have tested the hypothesis that the tissues of two molluscs, Mytilus edulis and Collisella pelta, respond to stressful situations by eliciting this response. We found that both heat-shock and Cd can induce the SPR in both species and are presently carrying out experiments to correlate the induction of stress proteins with an increased capacity to tolerate subsequent stressful conditions. These experiments should help us determine if the SPR plays an important role in the physiological adaptation of these species to their environment.