复合载体夯扩桩在岩土工程勘察中的应用

复合载体夯扩桩是一种新型桩型,本文从复合载体夯扩桩的含义、原理、计算方法、经济技术分析方面,结合工程实例,介绍复合载体夯扩桩的特点及优越性,它与同类桩相比,具有较高的竖向和水平承载力,并具有施工速度快,成桩质量好,沉降量小,且均匀,利于环保等优点.它比常规地基处理方法节省造价20～30%,是处理软弱地基比较经济、有效和可靠的方法.因此它在工业与民用建筑的桩基工程中得以推广应用.     

复合载体夯扩桩在湿陷性黄土地基处理防空洞中的应用

介绍了一个采用复合载体夯扩桩处理地下防空洞的工程实例，通过工程地质条件评价，提出了复合载体夯扩桩设计方案及施工工艺。通过桩身质量检验和竖向承载力载荷试验检验，承载力和压缩模量均有较大提高。复合载体夯扩桩技术具有可靠性、适用性和施工简便、速度快、投资小、环保等优点。     

复合载体夯扩桩承载性状试验研究

复合载体夯扩桩是由干硬性混凝土及填充料等经细长锤夯扩形成的复合载体和钢筋混凝土桩身组成,具有挤密地基和扩大桩端面积等的作用。分析了复合载体夯扩桩的作用机制,并结合工程实例,采用太沙基公式和规范推荐的理论公式计算了复合载体夯扩桩的极限承载力和沉降量,并与现场静载试验结果相比较。结果表明,理论计算结果比试验结果偏于保守,并提出了相应的改进方法。     

人工神经网络用于夯扩挤密复合桩地基设计的可行性分析

通过对夯扩挤密复合桩地基的设计、施工、作用机理的分析,总结了在夯扩挤密桩应用中存在的经验性,从而对引入人工神经网络预测地基加固效果的可行性和应用前景进行了分析探讨.     

复合载体夯扩桩在邳州地区的应用

介绍了复合载体夯扩桩加固机理、技术特点、适用条件及工艺要求。通过介绍邳州地区地层特点,分析了复合载体夯扩桩技术在邳州地区的应用情况并对工程进行了实例分析,得出进一步推广应用具有广阔的前景。     

复合载体夯扩桩技术在河漫滩区的应用

复合载体夯扩桩是由干硬性混凝土及填充料等经细长锤夯扩形成的复合载体和钢筋混凝土桩身组成。它具有挤密地基及扩大桩端面积的双重作用。此技术以环境污染小（无泥浆）、节约资源且较经济（桩径小）,而得到较快的发展和应用。本文结合工程实际,对其在河漫滩地区的应用进行探讨,为今后在同类地区的设计和施工提供参考。     

粉煤灰垫层与夯扩灌注桩联合处理高层建筑地基

利用夯扩灌注桩对桩端持力层的加密作用，可解决水下填筑问题，利用粉煤灰的可压密性和夯扩灌注桩承载力高的特点，可大幅提高复合地基承载力，减少工程投资。以河南洛阳某高层建筑为例，介绍了粉煤灰垫层和夯扩灌注桩组成的刚性桩复合地基在高层建筑地基中的应用。     

夯扩桩设计与施工的质量控制

结合武钢钢都花园住宅B6小区工程中夯扩桩的施工实际,阐述了夯扩桩的设计原理与设计计算方法,并在对夯扩桩施工过程进行分析的基础上,较全面地探讨了夯扩桩现场质量控制的内容和方法.     

夯扩桩在软土地基加固中的应用

本文通过上海机床电器三厂综合楼桩基的施工实例,介绍了夯扩桩的施工工艺和特点,讨论了夯扩头形状和体积的计算方法,分析了扩大头对单桩承载办的影响及规律。文章认为,夯扩桩承载力较高,成本低、工效高、污染小,是一种可用于上海地区多层建筑基础的桩型。     

复合载体夯扩桩工艺在吉林省的应用

复合载体夯扩桩工艺是将地基处理与地基施工合二为一的一种地基加固处理新技术,是一种性价比高的桩型,承载力与其它桩型相比较高,得到建筑界的好评,取得了显著效果。笔者通过两个工程实例的对比,论述该方法的特点、施工工艺及检测结果。     

CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。     

Geography in general education in Nigeria

This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics, students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students. The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs.     

Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal

Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates. In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005. The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and natural systems.     

花岗岩地区地下水水文地质特征分析

通过对泰安市岱岳区花岗岩地区地下水的形成条件、地下水类型、分布状况、水文地质特征以及地下水补给、径流、排泄条件的分析,指出了花岗岩地区供水方向。     

Recent advances in aquaculture in Japan

Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry.     

2010年的美国铀矿业

2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。     

地下水环境中的硫代砷研究进展

硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。     

河口港湾沉积物中的(137)Cs剖面及其沉积学意义

本文通过对采自海南岛洋浦港?福建厦门外港?浙江象山港三个河口港湾的六个沉积柱样的137Cs分析,分别用137Cs剖面的最大峰值层及137Cs剖面的起始值层位估算了该六个站位的现代沉积速率,结果表明:在河口港湾沉积环境条件下,用137Cs剖面来估算沉积物的平均沉积速率是可行的,由137Cs最大值法,这六个站位的平均沉积速率分别为1.14cm/a?1.56cm/a?0.82cm/a?0.75cm/a?1.26cm/a?1.66cm/a,由137Cs最大值法得出的平均沉积速率其精确度与可信度要好于137Cs起始值得出的平均沉积速率?与210Pb法所得的结果符合的很好?137Cs起始值层位与预期值偏离的大小可以为我们提供有关该站位沉积环境?扰动作用强弱的信息?在应用137Cs剖面估算沉积速率时,还要注意沉积结构变化的影响?     

三维技术在新疆若羌坡一镍矿找矿预测中的运用

新疆若羌北山地区坡—镍矿为近期发现、评价的超大型岩浆硫化物型铜镍矿床,目前已查明的镍金属资源量达130万t.由于坡北地区岩浆活动频繁,岩相组成复杂,认为坡一成矿岩体为早二叠形成的复式岩体.通过对坡一镍矿岩相学、岩石学的对比研究,总结出各岩相的时空关系,甄别出主要成矿岩体,并结合各岩相所反映出的地球物理特征,建立了三维地质模型及物理模型.通过对比研究,指明坡一镍矿下一步找矿方向,通过三维预测对找矿远景进行了探讨.