The Lost and the Found: Memories of Donald V. Helmberger

My first exposure to Don Helmberger's work was during a seismology class in my 2nd year in college where several students,including myself,were to present on Gr...     

In memory of Donald V. Helmberger

When I received the shocking news on August 13,2020 that our beloved Don passed away,I was deeply saddened.The feeling was worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic tha...     

Donald V. Helmberger the Mentor

Don is certainly missed,by me,and by so many others.I particularly miss the constancy I derived by thinking of him down in Pasadena on the third floor of South ...     

My journey to the center of the Earth: A tribute to Professor Donald V. Helmberger

It has been more than a year since Don passed away suddenly.Thinking about it still makes my heart hurt.I did not know Don Helmberger or any other famous geophy...     

Donald V. Helmberger’s art and science of waveforms

I arrived at the Caltech Seismo Lab early in May 1972.The faculty and graduate students had the run of an old mansion(Donnelly Lab)that was slightly tattered ar...     

Data and curiosity: Working with mentor Donald V. Helmberger

I arrived at Caltech in June 1986,with interests in both mineral physics and seismology.I was excited to either study mineral physics with Professor Tom Ahrens,...     

My seismology journey with Donald V. Helmberger

My journey on the wiggles with Don started from February 2008,when I got an opportunity to visit the Caltech Seismolab as a visiting PhD student,which was made ...     

Modelling of meteorological conditions at an urban scale for the PUMA winter campaign

For the winter 2000 campaign of the Pollution of Urban Midlands Atmosphere project, observation and numerical modelling of meteorological conditions over the West Midlands conurbation, UK, was undertaken. Modelling was performed using the regional atmospheric meteorological system (RAMS). This paper presents a comparison of modelled and observed wind and temperature for 25 and 26 January 2000. The RAMS model uses two nested grids with a mesh size of 2 km for the inner grid which is embedded in the outer grid with a mesh size of 8 km. Statistical evaluation of the model results against the observational data of wind speed, direction and temperature at 10 m was conducted. In general, the modelling results are in a reasonable agreement with observation. The statistical evaluation suggests that model performance is poorer for the inner grid than the outer grid as the model uncertainties (mainly mean bias) transfer from the outer to inner one. The low indices of agreement of temperature and wind are mainly associated with the systematic root-mean-square-difference values. For temperature, the systematic bias may also be affected by representation of cloud amount by the model. For wind, the model tends to have a poor performance for calm conditions, as under a stable anti-cyclonic situation local wind patterns associated with topography may develop, although the topography of the region is relatively flat. The results for the inner grid reveal some subtle spatial patterns at a scale smaller than 10 km near hills and valleys with differences in elevation of a few hundred metres.     

基于论文、作者特征分析《山西地震》的现状

为提高《山西地震》的稿件质量,明确目前办刊中存在的问题,文章对2008年至2017年刊物的载文量、基金论文比指标、论文分类以及近18年第一作者的情况进行统计分析,进一步了解作者群的特点,发现核心作者。通过分析,明确今后发展的改进方向。     

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in gulls from the Baltic south coast

Polychlorinated terphenyls among organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls were detected in some gulls from the Gdańsk Bay, Baltic Sea.     

Development and testing of numerical methods for two-way nested air pollution modelling

A new 3-D model REGINA (REGIonal high resolutioN Air pollution model) is under development at the National Environmental Research Institute (NERI). The model is based on pieces from several models developed over the last decades at NERI. The aim of the work is to develop a nested model which can operate with very high resolution in both space and time. To fulfill this aim the choice and implementation of accurate numerical methods is crucial. The model will be applied for studying air pollution phenomena (both monitoring, forecasting and scenarios) over Denmark. The present paper is focussed on the modification, implementation and testing of a numerical method for treating the horizontal advection in the model as well as the implementation of two-way nesting techniques. The horizontal transport in the model is solved using an accurate space derivative algorithm. This method is traditionally implemented with periodic boundary conditions, however, this is not an option for nested modelling. A new method for calculating non-periodic boundary conditions has been developed in order to overcome this problem. Extensive testing of the numerical solution of the advection and the coupling of the solution of advection and chemistry in the model using Molenkamp–Crowley rotation tests have been carried out. The results show that the model with the current implementation of numerical methods is suitable for calculating air pollution levels with high resolution.     

Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics of the Møre Trøndelag Fault Complex,central Norway: constraints from new apatite fission track data

The Møre Trøndelag Fault Complex (MTFC) of central Norway is a long-lived structural zone whose tectonic history included dextral strike slip, sinistral strike slip, and vertical offset. Determination of an offset history for the MTFC is complicated by the lack of well preserved stratigraphic markers. However, low temperature apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology offers important new clues by allowing the determination of exhumation histories for individual fault blocks presently exposed within the MTFC area. Previously published AFT data from crystalline basement in and near the MTFC suggest the region has a complicated pattern of exhumation. We present new AFT data from a NW–SE transect perpendicular to the principal structural grain of the MTFC. FT analyses of 15 apatite samples yielded apparent ages between 90 and 300 Ma, with mean FT length ranging from 11.8 to 13.5 μm. Thermal models based upon the age and track length data show the MTFC is comprised by multiple structural blocks with individual exhumation histories that are discrete at the 2σ confidence level. Thermal modeling of the AFT data indicates exhumation progressed from west to east, and that the final juxtaposition and exhumation of the innermost blocks took place during Cretaceous or Tertiary (possibly Neogene) time. We suggest that least some of the fracture lineaments of central Norway were re-activated during Mesozoic extension and the opening of the Norwegian sea, and may have remained active into the Cenozoic.     

Investigating Bermuda's pollution history through stable isotope analyses of modern and museum-held gorgonian corals

For centuries, Bermuda has been challenged with wastewater management for the protection of human and environmental health. By quantifying the δ¹⁵N of the common sea fan Gorgonia ventalina sampled from 30 sites throughout Bermuda we show that sewage-derived nitrogen is detectable on nearshore coral reefs and declines across the lagoon to the outer rim. We also sampled gorgonians from two museum collections representing a 50y time-series (1958–2008). These samples revealed an increase in δ¹⁵N of > 4.0‰ until the mid-1970s, after which δ¹⁵N values slowly declined by ~ 2.0‰. A δ¹⁵N chronology from a gorgonian skeleton exhibited a similar decline over the last 30–40 years of approximately 0.6‰. We conclude that policies have been effective in reducing sewage impacts to Bermudian reefs. However, significant sources of sewage pollution persist and are likely have a strong impact on harbor and nearshore coral communities and human health.     

Simulating spatiotemporal variations of atmospheric CO2 using a nested hemispheric model

A three-dimensional Eulerian nested model for transport, diffusion, and surface fluxes of CO₂ has been developed. The model is used to study the spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations as a step towards a better understanding of the regional source pattern over Europe. The influence from the national surface characteristics, as e.g. fossil CO₂ emissions or ecosystem fluxes, can be treated on a continental or national level in the model. In the future the model can be used as a mean to corroborate national and EU-wide controls or reductions of carbon emissions. One of the major questions in the estimation of e.g. national CO₂ budgets is the quantification of surface ecosystem fluxes. In order to test the sensitivity of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations to ecosystem fluxes, two different parameterizations [J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987) 2999] and [Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10 (1996) 269] have been implemented in the model. The model both with and without nest is validated by comparison with measurements and the different model results will be discussed. The results show that including a nested domain with higher spatial resolution significantly improves the model performance in some areas. In spite of regional deviations in the two sets of ecosystems fluxes no major differences are seen over Europe as a whole when either of the two parameterizations are included in the model and the results compared.     

厚壁型胆囊癌与慢性胆囊炎的CT鉴别诊断

目的 探讨厚壁胆囊癌与慢性胆囊炎的鉴别诊断。方法 收集经病理证实的厚壁型胆囊癌15例与慢性胆囊炎15例的CT扫描进行对比分析。结果 15例厚壁型胆囊癌壁不规则增厚，增强的胆囊壁见连续性中断6例，胆囊腔变小和失去正常形态8例，胆囊壁显僵硬9例，胆囊周界不清10例，9例病人不同程度的胆总管扩张，7例见淋巴结肿大。15例慢性胆囊炎2例壁厚薄不均，胆囊挛缩变小，壁略显僵硬2例，胆囊周界不清4例，均未见肿大淋巴结。结论 CT在胆囊癌与慢性胆囊炎的鉴别诊断中有重要价值。     

不典型卵巢畸胎瘤的CT表现与病理对照分析

目的：探讨不典型卵巢畸胎瘤的CT表现。方法：分析经手术病理证实的CT检查呈不典型表现的卵巢畸胎瘤50例,并与病理结果对照。结果：50例中,均发生于单侧卵巢,右侧27例、左侧23例。大小范围为1．1～12．8am。形状呈类圆形43例、分叶状5例、不规则形2例。囊性或以囊性为主45例、实性5例。根据肿瘤CT表现与病理特征分：囊肿型38例（偏低密度囊肿型12例,高密度囊肿型9例,厚壁囊肿型9例,薄壁囊肿型8例）、无壁全脂肪型3例、实性型5例和混合肿瘤型4例。结论：有些不典型畸胎瘤也具有一定的CT特点,熟悉其CT征象及病理基础有利于提高诊断和鉴别诊断水平。     

基于浮游植物功能类群的广东省大型水库生态分区初探

2012年1月和7月通过对广东省境内10座供水水库进行水生态调查,采集48个站点的浮游植物样品,对其进行浮游植物功能类群的划分及聚类分析.调查区共鉴定出8门104属207种浮游植物,主要分属于30个功能类群.聚类分析将这10座水库聚合为4个类型区,第一生态类型区包括南水和新丰江水库,以适应低营养环境的功能类群为主;第二生态类型区包括飞来峡、白盆珠和新丰江水库,主要以中营养型和广谱型为优势功能类群;第三生态类型区和第四生态类型区包括高州、公平、大水桥、鹤地和汤溪水库,其中高州和公平水库主要以富营养型和广谱型为优势功能类群,其它水库则以适应富营养环境的功能类群为绝对优势类群.上述4个类型区浮游植物优势功能类群差异较大,且与水质营养状态有良好的响应关系.