Hydrothermal fluid geochemistry at the Chah-Firuzeh porphyry copper deposit,Iran: Evidence from fluid inclusions

The Chah-Firuzeh porphyry copper deposit is located in 35 km north of Shahre Babak (Kerman province). It is associated with granodioriteic intrusive of Miocene age which intruded Eocene volcanosedimentary rocks. Copper mineralization was accompanied by both potassic and phyllic alteration. Field observations and petrographic studies demonstrate that the emplacement of Chah-Firuzeh pluton took place in several intrusive pulses, each with associated hydrothermal ore fluid formation that was also associated with hydrostatic pressure increasing respect to that of lithostatic pressure (and fracturing development-relative boiling) by circulated fluid. Copper is concentrated as a very early hydrothermal mineralized phase in the evolution of the hydrothermal system. Early hydrothermal alteration produced a potassic assemblage (orthoclase–biotite) in the central deep part of the stock. Alteration ore fluids could be classify into two groups of liquid-reach, containing solid phases, high temperature (390 to 500 °C) high salinity (more than 60 wt.% NaCl equiv.) and gas-rich, high temperature (311 to 570 °C), no solid phase and with low salinities. These magmatic source fluids illustrate sever boiling process and also are the responsible for the both potassic alteration, quartz group I and II veins and chalcopyrite deposition. Propylitic alteration occurred by the liquid-rich, low temperature (241 to 390 °C) and Ca-rich fluid with meteoric origin. Continuous decreasing temperature let the meteoric water diffusion into the system, mixed with magmatic fluids and descending the salinities down to the 1 wt.% NaCl equiv. and leaching the Cu from vein groups II and III by sever thermodynamic anarchies from potassic to the phyllic alteration zones. Phyllic alteration and copper leaching resulted from the inflow of oxidized and acidic meteoric waters with decreasing temperature of the system followed by the incursion of this fluid into and its convection in upper part of the system. A late episode of boiling occurred in the apical the phyllic zone, and was associated with significant copper deposition. Based on the field observation on sharp alteration and related mineralization, it is possible to conclude that all these procedures have been controlled by local faults that could be active even before the pluton injection. These faults and the new form ones (which have been formed after injection), could crash the hosted rocks, and act as physical dams to restrict and limit the mineralization in special strikes and zones within the Cah-Firuzeh ore deposit.     

钦-杭结合带斑岩型铜矿的基本地质特征及成因分析

钦-杭结合带是重要的斑岩铜矿带.斑岩铜矿在北、中、南三段均有产出,主成岩成矿年龄主要集中燕山期.钦-杭结合带与成矿有关的斑岩主要为钙碱性岩浆系列的中酸性岩,岩石类型主要为花岗闪长斑岩、花岗斑岩和次英安斑岩等,具有与新元古代岛弧火成岩类似微量元素特征.它们来源于软流圈的岩浆与中下地壳物质混合后部分熔融的结果,与受到过早期俯冲作用影响的岩石圈地幔有关,存在壳幔混染现象.钦-杭结合带燕山期的斑岩铜矿成岩成矿的动力学背景与太平洋板块俯冲关系密切,但斑岩和铜矿体在地球化学特征上显示出的具有弧岩浆作用特点,这与华南地区中生代构造转折事件发生以前的地质演化有关.钦-杭结合带的中酸性斑岩体来自于元古代岛弧底部玄武质岩石(下地壳)在中生代时期的部分熔融,本质上该类矿床带有岛孤俯冲环境的特征遗传.     

Advances in research of the time scales of porphyry deposits: A case study of the Yulong porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in the eastern TibetSCIEI北大核心CSCD

精确限定多期次岩浆-热液活动的时间尺度一直是剖析斑岩矿床形成过程的热点和难点。借助矿物的高精度同位素定年、热力学数值模拟以及石英的钛扩散模型等方法,斑岩矿床中岩浆-热液活动的时间尺度已经被限定在几万年之内。本文以三江特提斯超大型玉龙斑岩铜(钼)矿床为例,重点识别含矿热液脉中普遍存在的石英,利用钛元素的扩散年代学方法,精确限定斑岩矿床中多期岩浆-热液流体活动的时间尺度。扩散模型表明玉龙斑岩矿床热液活动的时间尺度为32000~870000年,有力支持了超大型斑岩矿床可以在几万至几十万年甚至更短时间内形成的观点。此外,为避免钛扩散模型产生较大的误差,需要在精确测定石英中钛含量的基础上,结合矿床地质背景或其他实验方法合理地估测温度和压力条件。研究认为,将矿物的高精度同位素定年与元素的扩散年代学相结合,可以在更为精细的尺度上完善斑岩矿床岩浆-热液活动的时间框架。     

西准噶尔与环巴尔喀什斑岩型铜矿床成矿条件及成矿模式对比研究

西准噶尔与环巴尔喀什地处中亚成矿域腹地,发育着许多大型和超大型斑岩铜矿床,构成了中亚成矿域最重要的斑岩铜矿床集中区。二者的成矿动力学背景略有差异,成矿岩浆条件和成矿物源有一定的差异,所形成的斑岩铜矿床有所不同。西准噶尔斑岩铜矿床以新发现的包古图斑岩铜矿床为代表,该矿床位于达拉布特不成熟岛弧南部;含矿岩浆为中钾钙碱性中性岩浆,侵位较深(5～10km);S(δ34S=-2.4‰～0.4‰)和Pb(206Pb/204Pb=17.92～18.89,207Pb/204Pb=15.45～15.62,208Pb/204Pb=37.68～38.36)同位素指示成矿物质来自地幔。含矿中性杂岩体由早期闪长岩体和晚期闪长玢岩岩株组成,含矿岩体发育碱性(黑云母化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化)和酸性(绢云母化和硅化)蚀变;以浸染状矿化为主,有少量的脉状矿化。环巴尔喀什斑岩铜矿床以科翁腊德和阿克都卡等超大型斑岩铜矿床为代表,这些矿床位于巴尔喀什-伊犁岩浆弧北部,含矿岩浆为中高钾(科翁腊德)和高钾(阿克都卡)钙碱性中酸性岩浆,侵位很浅(科翁腊德)和较浅(阿克都卡);S(δ34S=0.7‰～6.0‰)和Pb同位素分析表明,成矿物质来自地幔和地壳。含矿岩体为连续分异的中酸性杂岩体,包括辉长岩-闪长岩-石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-斜长花岗岩等;科翁腊德含矿岩体发育酸性蚀变(高级泥化、绢云母化和硅化)和少量的碱性蚀变(钾长石化、黑云母化和硅化),阿克都卡含矿岩体发育碱性蚀变(钾长石化、黑云母化和硅化)和酸性蚀变(绢云母化和硅化);矿化均为浸染状和脉状矿化。     

Fluid inclusion evidence for hydrothermal fluid evolution in the Darreh-Zar porphyry copper deposit,Iran

The Darreh-Zar porphyry copper deposit is associated with a quartz monzonitic–granodioritic–porphyritic stock hosted by an Eocene volcanic sedimentary complex in which magmatic hydrothermal fluids were introduced and formed veins and alteration. Within the deepest quartz-rich and chalcopyrite-poor group A veins, LVHS2 inclusions trapped high salinity, high temperature aqueous fluids exsolved directly from a relatively shallow magma (0.5 kbar). These late fluids were enriched in NaCl and reached halite saturation as a result of the low pressure of magma crystallization and fluid exsolution. These fluids extracted Cu from the crystallizing melt and transported it to the hydrothermal system. As a result of ascent, the temperature and pressure of these fluids decreased from 600 to 415 °C, and approximately 500–315 bars. At these conditions, K-feldspar and biotite were stabilized. Type A veins were formed at a depth of ∼1.2 km under conditions of lithostatic pressure and abrupt cooling. Upon cooling and decompressing, the fluid intersected with the liquid–vapor field resulting in separation of immiscible liquid and vapor. This stage was recorded by formation of LVHS1, LVHS3 and VL inclusions. These immiscible fluids formed chalcopyrite–pyrite–quartz veins with sericitic alteration envelopes (B veins) under the lithostatic–hydrostatic pressure regime at temperatures between 415 and 355 °C at 1.3 km below the paleowater table. As the fluids ascended, copper contents decreased and these fluids were diluted by mixing with the low salinity-external fluid. Therefore, pyrite-dominated quartz veins were formed in purely hydrostatic conditions in which pressure decreased from 125 bars to 54 bars and temperature decreased from 355 to 298 °C. During the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution, the composition and P–T regime changed drastically and caused various types of veins and alterations. The abundance of chalcopyrite precipitation in group B veins suggests that boiling and cooling were important factors in copper mineralization in Darreh-Zar.     

德兴朱砂红斑岩铜矿热液蚀变作用及元素地球化学迁移规律

德兴铜矿是中国华南地区重要的大型斑岩铜矿,由朱砂红、铜厂和富家坞3个矿床组成。在系统的钻孔样岩相观察基础上,本文把德兴朱砂红花岗闪长斑岩划分为3种类型蚀变岩(钾化-黑云母化蚀变岩、绿泥石化蚀变岩、石英-绢(白)云母化蚀变岩),其主要标志性蚀变矿物依次为:钾长石(黑云母)→绿泥石→石英+绢(白)云母,且热液蚀变程度依次增强。以Al₂O₃作为不活动组分,通过Isocon分析法表明:随着热液蚀变作用的持续进行,蚀变程度的逐渐增强,主量元素(P₂O₅)行为较稳定,Na₂O、Sr元素大量活化迁出;高场强元素Hf、Th、U、V、Co、Nb、Ta等表现为弱活动性或不活动性;成矿元素Cu、Pb、W显示出大量带入,表明热液流体和成矿流体可能属于同一流体系统。稀土元素均发生一定程度的活化迁移,其中绿泥石化蚀变岩的LREE、HREE均较原岩亏损,而石英-绢(白)云母化花岗闪长斑岩的LREE、HREE富集/亏损情况因样品而异,相对增量/减量变化幅度较大。各类蚀变花岗闪长斑岩球粒陨石化配分模式表现较一致,均为轻稀土相对于重稀土富集的右倾分布,极弱Eu负异常,曲线左陡右平缓,尾部轻微上翘,形似铲状,反映岩浆源区角闪石的分离结晶作用。蚀变花岗闪长斑岩的Y/Ho比值与球粒陨石的Y/Ho比值基本一致,表明Y-Ho在热液蚀变过程中未发生明显分离。弱蚀变花岗闪长斑岩具有较高Sr/Y比值、La/Sm比值以及中等Sm/Yb比值,暗示源区残留相主要为角闪石±石榴子石。     

西藏冈底斯铜矿带甲马夕卡岩型铜多金属矿床与驱龙斑岩型铜矿流体包裹体特征对比研究

对甲马铜多金属矿床流体包裹体研究表明与成矿有关的流体包裹体主要有富液相、富气相和含子矿物多相包裹体三类,包裹体的均一温度范围变化大,从240℃到＞500℃.矿床形成早期干夕卡岩阶段,矿物形成温度大于500℃,湿夕卡岩阶段均一温度区间集中在270℃～360℃之间,该时期为硫化物矿物形成的主要沉淀阶段.矿床的矿物组合、包裹体类型及包裹体激光拉曼探针分析表明成矿流体以高盐度、富含Na、K、Ca、Si、Cl-、SO42-、CO32-等成分为特点,流体来源以岩浆作用为主.甲马矿床属与岩浆作用有关的典型夕卡岩型多金属矿床.根据甲马矿床与附近驱龙斑岩铜矿流体包裹体和同位素特征对比分析,提出二者应属于同一成矿系列.     

浅海环境下的喷流沉积块状硫化物矿床——以广东玉水铜矿为例

广东玉水铜矿是一个以斑铜矿、黄铜矿为主的高品位铜矿床,主矿体呈层状沿中石炭统白云岩/下石炭统石英砂岩界面产出.本文在详细的野外地质工作基础上,确认了块状矿体下盘存在石炭纪凝灰岩、火山丘状体及火山通道;确认了以红色赤铁矿-菱铁矿-碧玉岩为组合的喷气沉积岩,其稳定覆盖在块状矿层的顶部,并延伸出矿体外围.层状矿体层序由下往上为:(含砾)石英砂岩夹凝灰岩→块状铜铅锌硫化物矿层→赤铁矿-菱铁矿-碧玉岩等喷气沉积岩→白云岩,证实含矿岩系具有火山岩—矿体—喷气岩"三位一体"特征.层状矿体具有典型的"双层"结构:上部为块状矿体;下部为筒状含矿蚀变体,由呈漏斗状的流体通道系统及其浸染状、网脉状矿化体组成.围绕主流体通道发育扇形含硫化物石英细脉,且不穿过上覆块状矿体和上盘白云岩.本文还首次报道了控制矿体和凝灰岩厚度及铜矿体塑性流变的同生断层(同火山断层).综合矿床地质及地球化学研究表明玉水铜矿是形成于浅海环境下的喷流沉积块状硫化物矿床.这一新认识表明V MS型矿床可以形成于浅海水环境下,这对丰富和完善V MS型矿床的成因模式具有重要的科学价值;同时可为华南寻找类似地质背景区的隐伏V MS型铜多金属矿床提供借鉴.     

新疆包古图斑岩铜矿矿床地质特征

新发现的包古图斑岩铜矿床位于准噶尔盆地西缘,达尔布特断裂以南的包古图地区。通过对 V 号主要赋矿岩体及钻孔岩心的野外和镜下观察,研究了矿体矿化情况、蚀变分带特征和矿石组合。对该矿床的流体包裹体分类研究表明,主成矿期成矿温度在180℃～450℃,包裹体的形成压力多在1～9MPa。由此得出的斑岩体的侵位深度在100～600m。黄铜矿和黄铁矿的δ~(34)S 变化范围分别是-2.4‰～-0.8‰和-2.7‰～ 0.7‰。对该矿床的初步研究认为,矿床是在埃达克质岩浆侵位到地壳浅部冷却成岩后,经历了两期含矿热液的作用而成矿的。早期形成 Cu、Fe、Mo、Zn 的硫化物矿物,可划分为4个成矿阶段;晚期形成 Cu-Te-Bi-Au-Ag 的复杂矿物组合。早期矿化形成的辉钼矿 Re-Os 年龄是310Ma。     

New insights into petrogenesis of Miocene magmatism associated with porphyry copper deposits of the Andean Pampean flat slab,Argentina

The Paramillos de Uspallata mining district located in the backarc region of the Pampean flat-slab segment(28°-33°S) features porphyry-type deposits genetically associated with Middle Miocene volcanics. This mineralizing magmatism comprising hydrothermally altered(sodic-calcic, potassic and phyllic alteration) subvolcanic and pyroclastic rocks of andesite-basaltic andesite and dacite-rhyolite composition with a typical arc signature, represents the eastward broadening of the Farellones arc by ~17 Ma. Its geochemistry also reveals a residual mineralogy of amphibole ± garnet with limited plagioclase fractionation resulting in an adakitic signal; however, according to the isotopic data collected in our study, the contributions of MASH(melting-assimilation-storage-homogenization) processes in the acquisition of this signal cannot be disregarded.Both the broadening of the Farellones arc and its residual mineralogy e typical of relatively deep magmatic chambers e are consistent with a slab shallowing and outcoming crustal thickening setting.This tectonic scenario could be interpreted as a result of an early effect of the Juan Fernandez Ridge collision that was further to the north by ~17 Ma. Our findings suggest that magmas were fertile for porphyry type deposits during the early stages of the slab shallowing.     

东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带埃达克岩及其与成矿作用的关系

土屋-延东铜矿带位于东天山晚古生代大南湖增生岛弧带，各矿岩石斜长花岗疵岩侵入于岛弧火山岩区通过对容矿围岩化学组成的研究表明，主量元素SiO2、Al2O3和MgO的含量分别为64．37％～72.28％、17.77％～17．7l％和0．55％～1．35％，微量元素Y、Yb和Sr的含量分别为4．42～11．1(μg／g)，0．38～0．87(μg／g)和619～738(μg/g)，LREE为富集型和Eu为正异常，这些特征反映斜长花岗斑岩为埃达克质岩，本区埃达克岩与铜矿化存在密切的时空关系，铜矿形成时代与埃达克岩相近，形成于早石炭世，而火山岩形成于泥盆纪、铜矿与埃达克宕紧密共生，矿区范围埃达克岩多被蚀变并铜矿化。同位素地球化学特征反映，埃达克质岩浆为成矿提供了主要的物质和流体来源。进一步研究表明，岛弧火山岩与具埃达克岩性质的斜长花岗斑岩形成于不同的地质过程。本区中基性-中酸性的岛弧火山岩是由于大洋板块俯冲到深部，因脱水作用使板片之上的地幔楔发生部分熔融而形成的。而埃达克岩是俯冲到深处具MORB性质的板片在一定的物理化学条件下发生部分熔融后直接侵位于近地表而形成的。     

中国斑岩铜矿与埃达克(质)岩关系探讨

对比研究了中国26个主要斑岩铜矿的地球化学特征和年代学,结果表明其中25个矿床与埃达克(质)岩有成因联系,且多数与玄武质下地壳熔融形成的埃达克岩(C型)有关,现有数据表明土屋-延东和普朗斑岩铜矿可能与俯冲板片熔融形成的埃达克岩(O型)有关。容矿斑岩的初始锶值为0.7034～0.7090,均大于洋中脊玄武岩和亏损地幔的初始锶值,多数与EMI的初始锶值接近,推测其源区或源岩主要为玄武质下地壳,少数为洋中脊玄武岩,并受到中、上地壳不同程度的混染,这与两类埃达克岩的源区基本一致。虽然埃达克质岩浆具有形成斑岩铜矿的巨大潜力,但并非所有埃达克岩都能成矿,不同岩体需具体分析。     

新疆哈密土屋铜矿床地质和地球化学特征

土屋铜矿床是我国近年来发现的特大型斑岩铜矿床,其独特矿床地质背景和矿床规模已经引起国内外地质学界和矿业界的广泛关注;本文详细叙述该矿床的地质背景,对矿床的地质、地球化学特征进行系统研究和总结,对矿床的成矿作用动力学过程进行探讨。研究表明,该矿床成矿物质具有深部来源特征,而岩浆在侵位过程中受到上地壳物质一定程度的混染;成矿流体以岩浆水为主,天水和岩浆水的混合仅为少量;石英流体包裹体均一温度较低,但盐度较高;含矿斑岩体是多次脉动式侵位的,成岩时代主要集中于早石炭世(367～358 Ma);成矿时代为晚于成岩时代(347.3±2.1 Ma～322.7±3 Ma)。     

中甸弧雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿含矿斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素特征

长期以来,关于雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿时代具有很大的争议。为了限定成矿作用开始的时限,本文选择代表成矿前岩浆岩的绢英岩化带内含矿斑岩进行锆石SHRIMP年代学测试,获得了215.2±1.9Ma的成岩年龄,说明雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿形成于215Ma之后。锆石Hf同位素测试结果显示岩浆主要来源于地幔源区,但是锆石Hf同位素分布不均匀,8颗锆石εHf（t）的结果分布于1.1～2.1,二阶段模式年龄平均值为1150Ma,两颗锆石εHf（t）值为7.4和6.0,对应的二阶段模式年龄分别为778Ma和869Ma,暗示存在两种不同的岩浆源区,可能发生过岩浆混合作用,但需进一步的研究证实。区域同位素年代学对比结果表明,215Ma左右的岩浆活动是中甸弧主要的控制斑岩铜矿成矿的热事件。     

Exploration potential of Cu isotope fractionation in porphyry copper deposits

We examined the copper isotope ratio of primary high temperature Cu-sulfides, secondary low temperature Cu-sulfides (and Cu-oxides) as well as Fe-oxides in the leach cap, which represent the weathered remains of a spectrum of Cu mineralization, from nine porphyry copper deposits. Copper isotope ratios are reported as δ⁶⁵Cu‰ = ((⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu_sample/⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu_{NIST 976 standard}) − 1) ? 10³. Errors for all the analyses are ± 0.14‰ (determined by multiple analyses of the samples) and mass bias was corrected through standard-sample-standard bracketing. The overall isotopic variability measured in these samples range from − 16.96‰ to 9.98‰.     

哈萨克斯坦环巴尔喀什斑岩铜矿地质与成矿背景研究

中哈萨克斯坦位于中亚造山带中部,是中亚型造山带及中亚斑岩铜矿成矿域的重要组成部分,已发现数十个大型和超大型矿床,成群成带分布。主要的斑岩铜矿类型有斑岩铜-金矿、斑岩铜矿、斑岩铜钼矿,大多具同期火山岩。已建立的热液蚀变分带模式具有碱性蚀变和酸性蚀变两个阶段,已有的硫铅同位素数据表明成矿物质来源于深部。该地区的斑岩铜矿形成与多阶段构造演化有关,早古生代的斑岩铜矿与岛弧演化的早阶段有关,而晚古生代的斑岩铜矿与泥盆纪火山—岩浆弧、石炭纪—二叠纪的火山—岩浆弧有关。从中哈萨克斯坦的北西向南东方向,斑岩铜矿的形成时代逐渐变年轻。虽然经过数十年的研究,但该地区的有关斑岩铜矿的精细时空结构仍未建立。因此,含矿斑岩体与蚀变矿化年龄的精确测定、区域成矿地球动力学背景及其演化、斑岩铜矿的精细时空结构、与中国邻区的构造—岩浆—成矿带的连接对比将是以后的研究方向。     

与花岗质岩浆系统有关的石英脉型钨矿和斑岩型铜矿成矿流体特征比较

文中对比了与S型花岗岩有关的石英脉型钨矿和与I型（及少数A型）花岗岩类有关的斑岩型铜矿床的成矿流体特征。它们的共同点在于成矿流体都由岩浆流体演化而来,在后期逐渐有大气降水的加入。差异性在于：（1）石英脉型钨矿成矿流体主要属于中—中高温、中—中低盐度的NaCl-H2O±CO2体系,而斑岩型铜矿属于中高-高温、高盐度的Na...     

Geology and mineralization of the Pulang supergiant porphyry copper deposit (5.11 Mt) in Shangri-la,Yunnan Province,China: A review

The porphyry copper belt in the Geza island arc in southwestern China is the only Indosinian porphyry copper metallogenic belt that has been discovered and evaluated so far. The Pulang porphyry copper deposit (also referred to as the Pulang deposit) in this area has proven copper reserves of 5.11×10⁶ t. This deposit has been exploited on a large scale using advanced mining methods, exhibiting substantial economic benefit. Based on many research results of previous researchers and the authors’ team, this study proposed the following key insights. (1) The Geza island arc was once regarded as an immature island arc with only andesites and quartz diorite porphyrites occurring. This understanding was overturned in this study. Acidic endmember components such as quartz monzonite porphyries and quartz monzonite porphyries have been identified in the Geza island arc, and the mineralization is mainly related to the magmatism of quartz monzonite porphyries. (2) Complete porphyry orebodies and large vein orebodies have developed in the Pulang deposit. Main orebody KT1 occurs in the transition area between the potassium silicate alteration zone of quartz monzonite porphyries and the sericite-quartz alteration zone. Most of them have developed in the potassium silicate alteration zone. The main orebody occurs as large lenses at the top of the hanging wall of rock bodies, with an engineering-controlled length of 1920 m and thickness of 32.5‒630.29 m (average: 187.07 m). It has a copper grade of 0.21%‒1.56% (average: 0.42%) and proven copper resources of 5.11×10⁶ t, which are associated with 113 t of gold, 1459 t of silver, and 170×10³ t of molybdenum. (3) Many studies on diagenetic and metallogenic chronology, isotopes, and fluid inclusions have been carried out for the Pulang deposit, including K-Ar/Ar-Ar dating of monominerals (e.g., potassium feldspars, biotites, and amphiboles), zircon U-Pb dating, and molybdenite Re-Os dating. The results show that the porphyries in the Pulang deposit are composite plutons and can be classified into pre-mineralization quartz diorite porphyrites, quartz monzonite porphyries formed during the mineralization, and post-mineralization granite porphyries, which were formed at 223±3.7 Ma, 218±4 Ma, and 207±3.9 Ma, respectively. The metallogenic age of the Pulang deposit is 213‒216 Ma. (4) The petrogeochemical characteristics show that the Pulang deposit has the characteristics of volcanic arc granites. The calculation results of trace element contents in zircons show that quartz monzonite porphyries and granite porphyries have higher oxygen fugacity. The isotopic tracing results show that the diagenetic and metallogenic materials were derived from mixed crust- and mantle-derived magmas.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.     

新疆东天山土屋斑岩铜矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征

本文在系统总结前人关于土屋矿床地质特征及成矿作用的基础上,开展了氢氧同位素研究及石英流体包裹体均一法和冷冻法测温,并对石英样品进行了气相及离子色谱测量,对石英中流体包裹体中的稀土元素进行了测试。结果表明,流体包裹体均一温度变化于125~363℃,主要集中于140~200℃,盐度变化于0.18%~58.28%NaCl,主要集中于2%~10% NaCl。流体包裹体气相的主要成分为H₂O和CO₂,液相成分以Ca²⁺、Na⁺、SO^2-₄、Cl^-为主。石英流体包裹体中∑REE 为8.07×10^-6~ 12.15×10^-6,轻、重稀土之比值（LREE/HREE）变化于5.39~6.75,δEu为1.80~1.91。流体包裹体中稀土元素配分型式呈右倾型,并表现出Eu的正异常及Ce的负异常。石英中流体包裹体的δD_V-SMOW值为-70‰~-66‰,石英的δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW为9.4‰~12.3‰,计算所得的δ¹⁸O_水为-5.1‰~-1.2‰。根据离子色谱分析结果,F^-/Cl^-介于0.009~0.024之间,SO^2-₄/Cl^-介于0.45~1.01之间。综合以上流体包裹体的组成和特征,表明成矿流体可能主要来源于岩浆水和大气降水。     

新疆西准包古图斑岩型铜钼矿床地质特征及流体包裹体研究

包古图斑岩型铜钼矿床位于新疆西准噶尔达拉布特过渡岛弧南部。区域构造主要以北东向为主,由一系列大断裂组成。包古图含矿岩体是一个岩性和岩相复杂的中性斑岩体。矿化类型主要为浸染状矿化、细脉状矿化及网脉状矿化,成矿作用划分出3个阶段。流体包裹体数据显示:均一温度从第Ⅰ阶段到第Ⅲ阶段逐渐降低,表明矿化从早到晚经历的是一个降温过程。流体密度为0.65～1.15 g/cm~3,估算成矿压力为126.0×10~5～950.1×10~ Pa,成矿深度为0.42～3.17 km,流体包裹体气相成分主要为CH_4、N_2、C_2H_4,液相主要为H_2O,并含少量CO_3~(2-)。