THE FUTURE PROSPECTS OF DATA ACQUISITION BY PHOTOGRAPHIC AND OTHER AIRBORNE SYSTEMS FOR LARGE SCALE MAPPING

This paper was the first to be presented at the Thompson Symposium 1984 which had as its theme “The future of photogrammetry”. The paper considers only the acquisition of imagery for large scale mapping and similar purposes. It discusses the role of the standard metric aerial survey camera and makes some proposals for the wider use of smaller format cameras. It also reviews the position with regard to other possible sources of imagery such as vidicon and solid state cameras.     

一种无控制近景摄影测量原型系统的实现及应用

本文研究的无控制数字近景摄影测量系统是集GPS、电子经纬仪、数码相机和个人数字助理(PDA)等硬件设备于一身,辅以数据处理中心,形成的一种快速的目标三维、纹理和属性信息获取的新型测量系统。该系统是对传统地面摄影测量作业方式的一次提升,是对国内地面(近景)摄影测量领域一体化仪器的补充。     

Pioneers of Photogrammetry Commemorated In Antarctic Place-Names

Unique place-names are essential for scientific fieldwork in Antarctica. This shorter contribution describes how duplication of place-names in British Antarctic Territory has been avoided by the systematic naming of geographically related features according to groups of associated ideas. One such theme, commemorating pioneers in the development of photogrammetry, recognizes the important contribution of photogrammetry to Antarctic mapping and research.     

Medical photogrammetric measurement: overview and prospects

Since the earliest days of photogrammetry, there have been photogrammetrists who have directed research effort towards medical measurement. Although the specific motivation for these studies has not always been disclosed, it is probably because of the various benefits that photogrammetry can offer to humanity as a painless and non-invasive means of providing medical practitioners with spatial measurement relating to the human body. The intention of this paper is to reflect on the place of the many medical developments within the photogrammetric world. The various photogrammetric applications in medicine are summarised to identify the characteristics of medical photogrammetry, and it becomes evident that medical photogrammetrists have developed a range of body measurements using widely varying photogrammetric techniques, in response to the demands for specialised spatial measurement tools for a wide variety of medical ends. This volume of research activity has made medical measurement a substantial and varied sector of non-mapping photogrammetry. It is also clear that there are numerous challenges to the design of medical photogrammetric systems. They must give paramount consideration to the human patients and their comfort; they must yield not simply spatial data about the body but rather specific medical information. At the same time, it is of concern that non-photogrammetric scientists and engineers have developed medical measurement systems based on both photogrammetric and other optical techniques. Fortunately, photogrammetrists can also contribute to medical problems through their spatial data experiences. It is concluded that the many distinctive challenges mean that medical photogrammetry has not yet been as successful at changing the world as the extensive efforts applied to it suggest, but nevertheless, medical photogrammetry deserves to be recognised as a category of close range photogrammetry which remains a valuable pursuit which should not be abandoned because of any difficulties.     

The confidence evaluation for airborne GPS data

l lntroductionIn the winter Of l989 Wuhan Technical Universi-ty of Surveying and Mapping COntracted withTrimble Navigation Ltd. to purchase fOur TrimbIe4000SST receivers. They were required tO suit theaeriaI phWetric work without intreducing avelocity limitation. In February, l993 twO of thereceivers were uPgraded to provide two eventrnarker plugfords and one pulse Per second(lPPS) output axkets. The uPgradd receivers canincormrate external event markers, e. g. the shutter.oPening …     

Everything moves:The rapid changes in photogrammetry and remote sensing

Changes in technology are coming at an ever increasing pace.This holds for photogrammetry and remote sensing as well."Everything moves"-this is why I chose this topic to shed some light on some of the recent developments.Naturally,this undertaking can never be complete in the sense of covering all developments in Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.Besides,the impact of Deep Learning in photogrammetry is not mentioned in this paper.This is a very personal account.People may not agree with some of my findings,but this is in the nature of science.In any case,this contribution is meant as a tribute to Gottfried's successful lifelong work.It is not a scientific paper in the traditional sense but rather a collection of thoughts that emerged over the 50 years of my professional career.It is also meant for an audience who has not necessarily a deep photogrammetric expert know-how.     

虚拟现实与计算机动画

虚拟现实与计算机动画方面的研究内容在较长的时期内是一个热点主题,ISPRS将其列为一个专题,对支持摄影测量与遥感的成果展示有积极的促进作用。本文通过归纳和总结2008年ISPRS大会的该专题论文,简要地给出这些论文的主旨,以企为读者提供举纲张目的帮助。这些论文的研究内容集中在3维可视化相关技术方面,包括3维数据获取建模与处理、3维模型数据精简、纹理数据提取、DEM可视化以及巷道可视化方法等。     

新形势下摄影测量学课程教学改革探讨

随着视频卫星、无人机和计算机技术的普及与发展,摄影测量技术已经从传统地势侦察与地形测绘推广应用于智慧城市建设的各个领域,多学科的交叉融合是摄影测量发展的必经之路。为了满足传统摄影测量向智能摄影测量发展要求,本文在原有摄影测量教学的基础上,引入倾斜摄影测量与计算机视觉方面的相关知识,优化和完善摄影测量教学内容,丰富教学实践。本文教学改革探讨旨在扩展摄影测量教学前言知识,满足现代社会对创新型和实践型摄影测量人才的需求,为摄影测量学科适应新时代的发展提供了理论基础。     

我国卫星摄影测量发展及其进步EI北大核心CSCD

卫星摄影测量是一种高效的地理空间信息数据获取手段,在全球的基础测绘中发挥着重要作用。本文回顾了笔者亲历的我国卫星摄影测量发展的两个阶段,重点对线阵推扫影像进行空中三角测量平差的理论进行了介绍,并以天绘一号工程实践为依据,表明了我国自主的理论创新,线阵立体影像单航线平差无控定位精度也能够达到框幅相机静态摄影影像理论水平。     

The Monitoring of Soil Surface Development Using Analytical Photogrammetry

The importance of soil surface microrelief has been identified in the literature of soil erosion. However, studies of soil microrelief have often ignored photogrammetry as a means of obtaining soil surface data. This paper recognizes the validity of analytical photogrammetry to quantify height changes at the experimental plot scale (≤1 m2). Additionally, however, analytical photogrammetry enables the recording of non-morphological information (including soil aggregates and rock fragments) so that the impact of such features upon the evolution of soil surfaces may be considered. The two forms of information may then be integrated within a geographical information system to relate the effects of such features upon soil surface height changes.     

利用数字正射影像进行航空像片空间定位

采用了高精度影像匹配技术获取控制点的平面坐标和高程值,利用了空间后方交会法直接计算出航空像片的外方位元素,缩短了摄影测量处理流程周期。     

论构建地理信息共享平台的计算思维

新型智慧城市地理信息底层建设,广泛应用BIM、VR、AR技术,以及数字航空摄影测量、高分辨率卫星遥感、无人机摄影测量系统等地面成果建立三维模型,但仍是感官成果,缺少计算思维。文章提出大数据环境下,应用地理信息成果建模所呈现的不仅是"看到",还需要具有计算思维,具有测绘语言,满足智能需求的"可计算"成果,乃至开发"计算思维",进而促进"计划科学发现的偶然性"。基于倾斜摄影实景三维技术和机载LIDAR技术构建地理信息公共服务平台的尝试,初步体现了"计算思维"理念。     

近地超轻型飞机小数码航空摄影测量试验分析

数码相机应用于航空摄影测量是目前摄影测量界关注的焦点,为此在山西省稷山县用近地超轻型飞机小数码航空摄影测量系统,进行了航空摄影测量试验,试验取得的精度,满足了大比例尺成图的精度要求。本文叙述了整个实验过程,并对所取的精度进行了分析,给出了本系统的优缺点,提出克服系统缺点的方案。本系统的应用,给出了数码相机和超轻型飞机应用于航空摄影测量的方法,加快了航空摄影测量内外业一体化的进程。     

三线阵CCD摄影测量理论在月球探测中的应用

月球是目前世界各国进行深空探测的首选星球,月球探测卫星属于传输型卫星。本文利用三线阵CCD摄影测量理论对月球摄影测量处理进行了可行性分析,指出其关键技术并提出解决方案,最后通过模拟实验进行验证.研究结果表明:三线阵CCD摄影测量理论可以较好地解决我国月球探测中的某些难题,完全可以应用于月球摄影测量中。     

Application of inertia ellipse in code marker matching

In close-range photogrammetry, 3D information acquisition is based on image matching. The application of code marker helps to improve the level of automatic matching and the matching accuracy. This paper investigates the application of inertia ellipse algorithm to code marker matching. We can calculate the inertia ellipse of a target with a certain boundary. First, the method is applied to a single code marker; the angle and scaling are valid. Then, the paper introduces the multi code markers matching method by the inertia ellipse. Rotation and scaling changes of homonymy images can be calculated by inertia ellipse algorithm. These parameters can be used for code marker matching in arbitrary attitude close-range photogrammetry.     

基于GPS／BDS组合系统实现航测无人机动态定位

由于定位定向系统(POS)可直接获取航摄像片线元素与角元素,减少航测内外业工作量,提高航测作业的效率,无人机摄影测量已成为航空摄影测量的重要方式．常规实时动态(RTK)产品重量较大,难以应用于荷载有限的微小型无人机的POS系统．本文基于Doppler值修正伪距观测量,并联合平滑伪距与相位观测量实现无人机动态后处理定位(PPK)．实测数据结果表明,较之单系统,全球定位系统／北斗卫星导航系统(GPS／BDS)组合系统可充分满足无人机动态定位的精度需求,结合平滑伪距与相位观测量可改善PPK定位的精度与可靠性.      

Application of inertia ellipse in code marker matching

In close-range photogrammetry, 3D information acquisition is based on image matching. The application of code marker helps to improve the level of automatic matching and the matching accuracy. This paper investigates the application of inertia ellipse algorithm to code marker matching. We can calculate the inertia ellipse of a target with a certain boundary. First, the method is applied to a single code marker; the angle and scaling are valid. Then, the paper introduces the multi code markers matching method by the inertia ellipse. Rotation and scaling changes of homonymy images can be calculated by inertia ellipse algorithm. These parameters can be used for code marker matching in arbitrary attitude close-range photogrammetry.     

无人机航空摄影测量技术在矿区地形测量中的应用研究

无人机摄影测量是中小面积地形测绘的重要手段,具有低成本、高效率、高精度、信息量大、产品可以重复使用的优点,弥补了传统方法的不足。本文简要介绍了无人机航空摄影测量技术,从工程实例中,进一步论述了利用无人机,搭载非量测型相机,在地形复杂的高山矿区进行地形测量的过程和方法,评估了点位精度误差,希望能为相关领域研究人员提供借鉴。     

GPS／INS组合系统的工作原理及其在航空遥感中的应用现状

GPS／INS组合系统应用于航空摄影测量时可以直接给出相机曝光瞬间的外方位元素，从而部分乃至全部地摆脱传统摄影测量对地面控制点的依赖。本文主要介绍GPS／INS组合系统的工作原理及特点，以及GPS／INS组合系统辅助航空摄影测量与遥感的国内外应用现状。     

Toward a unified theoretical framework for photogrammetry

ABSTRACT

The objective of photogrammetry is to extract information from imagery. With the increasing interaction of sensing and computing technologies, the fundamentals of photogrammetry have undergone an evolutionary change in the past several decades. Numerous theoretical progresses and practical applications have been reported from traditionally different but related multiple disciplines, including computer vision, photogrammetry, computer graphics, pattern recognition, remote sensing and machine learning. This has gradually extended the boundary of traditional photogrammetry in both theory and practice. This paper introduces a new, holistic theoretical framework to describe various photogrammetric tasks and solutions. Under this framework, photogrammetry is generally regarded as a reversed imaging process formulated as a unified optimization problem. Depending on the variables to be determined through optimization, photogrammetric tasks are mostly divided into image space tasks, image-object space tasks and object space tasks, each being a special case of the general formulation. This paper presents representative solution approaches for each task. With this effort, we intend to advocate an imminent and necessary paradigm change in both research and learning of photogrammetry.