冀西石湖金矿成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

石湖金矿101、116矿脉深部延伸稳定,品位有所提高,产状变化不大,南于深部探矿进展较好,而使其成为太行山中段大型金矿.石湖金矿的矿脉明显受断裂构造控制,总体属岩浆期后热液石英脉-断裂构造蚀变岩型矿床.本文采用幔枝构造新视角开展研究,通过对地质背景研究及铅、硫、硅、碳、氢、氧同位素的分析表明:石湖金矿成矿物质主要来源于地球深部,成矿溶液主要为岩浆水,混有部分大气水.进而探讨了其成矿作用,建立了成矿模式,提出了具体找矿建议.     

Comparison between the Xishimen gold deposit and the Shihu gold deposit in western Hebei and analysis of the potential for ore exploration

The Xishimen gold deposit is located in the tectonic zone southeast to the Shihu gold deposit, both of which belong to the same orefield. Then, how is the prospecting potential for the Xishimen gold deposit? A com-parison was made between the Xishimen gold deposit and the Shihu gold deposit on the basis of their geological background of metallogenesis, geological characteristics of the ore deposits, the sources of ore-forming materials, etc. The results showed that both the deposits possess many similarities in the respects mentioned above. And their met-allogeneses can be compared. Therefore, there is great potential for ore prospection in the periphery or at the deep levels of the Xishimen gold deposit. Ore exploration should be well programmed on the basis of a better dissection of the tectonic setting of the orefield. A breakthrough in ore prospection of the Xishimen gold deposit will be of great instructive significance in regionally geological prospecting.     

Study on the ore-forming and ore-controlling structure of the Mujicun Cu (Mo) ore deposit, Hebei Province, China

The Mujicun Cu (Mo) ore deposit at Laiyuan, Hebei Province, is a currently proven large-sized Cu (Mo) polymetallic ore deposit and it is located in the second-ordered fault depression basin of the ditachment belt on the hanging-wall on the western side at the juncture of the Laiyuan dumbell-shaped complex in the northern part of the Fuping mantle-branch structure. Metallogenesis is controlled by diorite porphyrite in intrusive relation with the fault depression basin and other relevant fault structure systems and intenstive wall-rock alteration zones. This study, in conjunction with the most recent exploration data, analyzed the geological background of metallogenesis of this deposit, summaried the geological characteristics of typical ore deposits, determined the alteration zonation of the deposit, investigated regional metallogenesis and the genesis of typical ore deposits, discussed the regional ore-forming and ore-controlling structures, and generalized the regional ore-controlling model and metallogenic model of the deposit. It is considered that the Mujicun porphry Cu (Mo) deposit, the Tieling, Futuyu, Xiaoligou and other skarn-type Fe-Cu deposits and the He’ergou hydrothermal-type Pb-Zn-Ag deposit jointly constitute a three-in-one polymetallic orefield, with the characteristics of typical metallogenic series.     

On the metallogenesis of Dajing Cu-Sn-polymetallic ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China

The Dajing Cu-Sn-polymetallic ore deposit is famous for its large scale, abundant associated elements, narrow and closely-spaced development of ore veins and high grade, but exploration within the mining district and its deeper parts has revealed no Yanshanian rockbody. Therefore, there have been proposed a diversity of hypotheses on the genesis of the deposit. The authors, from the angle of mantle-branch structure, provided evidence showing that the mining district is located in the core of the Da Hinggan Ling mantle-branch structure, the multi-stage evolution of mantle plume paved the way for the ascending of deep-source ore fluids and these fluids extracted part of the ore-forming materials. Then, these ore-forming materials were concentrated in the favorable structural loci (e.g. structural fissures) to form ores. The orientation of ore-forming and ore-controlling fissures is closely related to the regionally structural stress field at the metallogenic stage. The zonation of Sn, Cu, Au, Ag, Pb, and Zn within the mining district appears to be related to metallogenesis and the crystallization temperature of ore-forming materials. Mineralization of Sn, Cu, Au, etc. which require relatively high crystallization temperature and pressure is in most cases recognized in the central part of the mining district, while that of Ag, Pb, Zn, etc. which require relatively low crystallization temperature and pressure is, for the most part, produced in the periphery of the mining district.     

太行山中段西石门金矿成矿作用与找矿潜力分析

西石门金矿与石湖金矿同属于同一矿田,位于石湖金矿东南方向同一构造带上。石湖金矿仅101、116号两条矿脉提交黄金储量22.28t,随着采矿的深入(600～180m)及深部勘探(危机矿山项目勘探至180～-33m),表明从上至下,具有金矿脉体变宽、质量分数变富的趋势,金矿的储量已经超过30t。那么,与石湖金矿位于同一个构造带上的西石门金矿前景如何呢?本文从成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、成矿物质来源等方面将西石门金矿与石湖金矿进行了对比研究,结果表明它们在以上诸多方面具有很多相似之处,其成矿作用可以类比。因此,西石门金矿外围和深部找矿的潜力很大,应在搞好矿田构造解剖的基础上部署找矿勘探。同时对区域上的地质找矿工作亦具有摘要的指导意义。     

Source of ore-forming material for the Huangtuliang gold deposit,Hebei Province and ore prospecting in the deep periphery

The Huangtuliang gold deposit is characterized by its wide and large ore belt, stable extension and closely spaced orebodies. Unfortunately, no orebody was found by deep drilling. As a result, ore prospecting in this region was once put into dilemma. Detailed analysis of ore-forming and ore-controlling structures in the mining district by the authors has revealed that the ore-forming and ore-controlling structure in this mining district is a steeply dipping （85°-110°/∠70°-85° N-NNE）, spade-shaped ductile shear zone, and the ore-controlling structures are a series of nearly erected second-ordered faults which are developed in the upper part of the ductile shear zone, inter-secting with the ductile shear zone. Deep cutting of the ductile shear zone made it possible the ascending of ore fluids from the mantle plume at depth and these ore fluids would migrate upwards along the ductile shear zone under certain temperature and pressure conditions. Along their ascending path, the ore fluids would extract ore-forming elements from the country rocks and the extracted ore-forming elements would be deposited as ores in the hang- ing-wall second-ordered faults. The reason why no orebody was found in early prospecting at depth is that north- ward-dipping drilling in the southern part of the shear zone extended so deeply as to be beneath the shear zone. Only shallow-level orebodies could be found by southward-dipping drilling practice in the northern part of the shear zone. The location where deep-seated orebodies occurred shifted northwards and the orebodies occurred at greater depth. Therefore, it is natural that no orebody could be found when drill core passed through the shear zone. After the ore-forming and ore-controlling structures were well understood, the focus of ore prospecting was placed on the deep-level, northward-penetrating veins. In this way a number of new blind orebodies of great thickness have been found. On the basis of research development in the mining district, a prospecting plan has been made     

冀东金厂峪金矿深部和外围找矿预测

金厂峪金矿是冀东地区开采历史超过半个世纪的大型金矿山,且近年来新增地质储量不断上升,受到地质学家的广泛关注。本文从幔枝构造成矿控矿作用的视角,简述了矿床地质特征,侧重讨论了成矿物质来源,认为成矿流体源于深部,通过地幔热柱多级演化向上迁移,在有利的构造扩容带中集聚成矿,进而在介绍近年来新的找矿进展基础上,探讨了构造的成矿控矿作用,进一步指出了深部和外围找矿方向。     

冀西石湖金矿床地质地球化学特征

文章根据冀西石湖金矿床的矿区地质特征、矿石的微量元素地球化学特征、稀土元素的地球化学特征、稳定同位素地球化学特征等的研究,认为金矿赋矿层位为阜平群团泊口组。硫、铅同位素分析显示硫、铅来源于地幔,研究表明石湖金矿床成矿物质主要来源于矿源层。     

胶东金矿集中区构造控岩控矿地质特征研究

本文对胶东构造体系进行了进一步划分,指出胶东中生代主要发育新华夏体系和华夏式构造系,而纬向构造体系,即EW向构造不发育的资料。在此基础上,对胶东金矿集中区构造控制矿带、矿床、矿脉、地球化学分布和物理化学条件等不同层次特征加以分析,提出的胶东金矿成矿期构造具有多层次控矿特点,新华夏系NEE向(泰山式)伴生构造控制胶东区域金矿带的展布;新华夏系NNE向区域剪切带控制金矿田产生部位;构造带断裂性质控制金矿矿床类别;构造断裂带的产状控制矿床矿体的倾伏侧伏规律;剪切构造两盘的运移特点和断裂组合形式控制矿脉的分布规律;构造变形岩相带控制的构造地球化学特征;构造控制成矿物理化学条件等认识。     

西秦岭大店沟金矿成矿流体演化及矿床成因

大店沟金矿是西秦岭成矿带近年来新发现的中型金矿床,金矿体赋存在下古生界丹凤群木其滩组绢云绿泥石英片岩中,叠加在北东东向脆韧性剪切带中的脆性构造为成矿结构面。在总结控矿地质特征的基础上,通过开展系统的流体包裹体、稳定同位素地球化学研究及成矿流体演化、矿床成因探讨,认为成矿期共分半自形黄铁矿、它形粒状黄铁矿、石英多金属硫化物和碳酸盐-黄铁矿4个成矿阶段,其中它形黄铁矿阶段和石英多金属硫化物阶段为最主要成矿阶段。流体包裹体类型以水溶液包裹体、CO₂三相包裹体和纯CO₂包裹体为主,成矿温度集中在120~256 ℃之间,成矿流体盐度为4.03%~15.27%。H-O同位素研究显示成矿热液主要为变质水混合大气降水,S同位素组成特征表明成矿物质来自深源;流体不混溶和沸腾作用是金沉淀的主要机制,矿床成因类型为造山型金矿。通过成矿结构面舒缓波状特征规律总结,判断成矿流体沿成矿结构面自南西深部向北东浅部运移、沉淀,形成分段富集矿化。     

小秦岭地区金矿成矿机理分析

小秦岭成矿带是我国重要的贵金属成矿带之一，区域成矿地质背景和成矿条件显示了该区良好的资源潜力。金矿受地层、构造和岩浆岩控制，具有“三位一体”的成矿模式。成矿过程复杂，太古宙太华群为成矿提供了物质基础，区域变质作用使金发生初次富集；早期自北而南的挤压形成规模巨大的推覆构造为含金石英脉的生成提供了有利空间；燕山期构造-岩浆活动对金的活化、迁移、富集起主导作用。金成矿温度属中低温热液矿床，围岩蚀变简单，成矿具有多阶段、多成因等复合型特征。矿床成因为动热再造多元热液型。通过对该区综合研究工作的不断深入，初步显示开展小秦岭地区深部找矿工作具有重要的现实意义。     

河北石湖金矿床控矿构造特征及矿体定位机制研究——以101脉为例

石湖金矿床位于太行山中北段,矿床产出严格受断裂构造控制。在详细野外观察及室内综合研究基础上,结合矿山生产地质资料的二次开发,认为石湖金矿控矿构造是在前中生代近SN向和NW向剪节理基础上,经燕山期构造追踪、叠加、复合而成。在主成矿期NNW-SSE向左行走滑应力作用下,石湖金矿区101脉控矿构造NW向部位以早期充填的石英闪长玢岩脉顶底板为薄弱面相对扩容,相应地矿床围岩蚀变带变宽、矿化强度高、矿化类型以石英脉型为主,形成局部"富矿柱";而近SN向部位则相对空间压缩,相应地围岩蚀变带变窄、矿化强度低、矿化类型以蚀变岩型为主,不利于成矿;富矿柱以高角度(约70°)侧列式分布,各富矿柱联合形成总体以40°向南侧伏的假象。根据该构造控矿规律,预测石湖金矿101脉47~61勘探线间、标高150 m以下部位为有利成矿部位,该成果已为矿山生产所证实。     

赣东北地区金矿床类型、地质特征及找矿方向

赣东北是重要的黄金生产基地,金矿类型众多,成矿条件优越.依据成矿物质来源、成矿作用、矿床产出条件、矿石建造和围岩蚀变等因素,将赣东北地区岩金矿床划分为岩浆热液类、火山-次火山热液类、多源热液类和地下热(卤)水渗滤类等4类8型,分述了各类(型)金矿成矿地质特征,总结了沉积建造、构造和岩浆岩对区内金矿的控制作用,指出了赣东北地区金矿找矿方向.     

滇中小水井金矿床成矿流体地球化学及成因类型探讨

小水井金矿床赋存于哀牢山造山带红河断裂东缘韧-脆性剪切构造破碎带中,容矿岩石为砂泥岩、灰岩之角砾岩、碎裂岩。硫、碳同位素研究表明,流体中碳、硫来自深部或地幔;氢、氧同位素组成则显示成矿热液主要为天水下渗及地下水循环从流经岩石获得物质而形成的混合热液流体。矿物中流体包裹体类型以气-液相为主,少量气相出现。矿石中的石英流体包裹体液相成分阳离子以Na+、K+为主,Na+/K+比值为3.056~4.940;阴离子以Cl-、SO24-为主,且Cl->SO24->F;气相成分以H2O、CO2为主,间有CH4、CO出现,属H2O-CO2-NaCl体系。主要成矿阶段流体包裹体均一温度集中于180~260℃之间,成矿深度约为1.0 km,流体密度0.65~0.9 g/cm3,流体盐度w(NaCleq)1.74%~9.08%,平均5.33%。小水井金矿床属于浅成条件下,由中低温、低盐度、低密度的混合热液流体在韧-脆性剪切构造带中形成的金矿床,其地质-地球化学特征与造山型金矿相似,成因类型应归属于浅成造山型金矿床,工业类型为构造蚀变岩型金矿。矿床的形成经历了金元素初始富集形成矿源层、成岩期后剪切-逆冲推覆构造活动过程中的构造-热液作用富集成矿、中酸性岩浆沿剪切构造带及裂隙系统侵入活动形成的含矿热液叠加富集、表生氧化-淋滤再富集时期等成矿过程。     

吉林省荒沟山金矿床地质特征及成因

荒沟山金矿床明显受构造控制，矿体多呈复杂的脉体充填于大理岩开放空间中，成矿为多期次、热液角砾岩化多期次的特点，成矿流体以大气水为主，具有浅成、低温、低盐度和近中性的成矿环境，属于浅成低温热液成因金矿床。     

冀西石湖金矿床地质地球化学特征研究

通过冀西石湖金矿床的矿区地质特征、矿石的微量元素地球化学特征、稀土元素的地球化学特征、稳定同位素地球化学特征等研究,认为石湖金矿的赋矿层位为阜平群团泊口组,硫、铅来源于地幔,金矿床成矿物质主要来源于矿源层.     

湘西江东湾锑金矿床成矿地质特征、控矿因素及深部找矿远景分析

江东湾锑金矿床位于雪峰造山带中段,产在区域主干断裂控制的断块上升隆起区.矿体呈脉状、薄板状赋存于新元古界板溪群五强溪组上段浅变质岩系中.通过矿床成矿地质特征、控矿因素、垂向分带、找矿前景等方面的综合分析,认为江东湾锑金矿床是湘西龙王江金矿集区最具有找矿潜力的矿床.矿床浅部以锑或锑金为主,深部以金为主,且越向深部,金矿化...     

甘肃北山拾金坡金矿床地质特征及成因分析

拾金坡金矿是甘肃北山南带较为典型的含金硫化物石英脉型金矿床,矿化富集与加里东晚期—海西早期拾金坡复式岩体密切相关。矿体产于岩体的内接触带,产出部位明显受近EW向断裂破碎带的控制。矿体主要为大脉状、脉状、透镜状。矿床中发育一套典型的中温热液成因的矿物组合,矿石以强烈的绢云母化、碳酸盐化、硅化和黄铁矿化为特征,矿石的金属矿物组合为自然金_银金矿_黄铁矿_方铅矿_闪锌矿_黄铜矿,矿化属中温热液成因。硫和铅同位素显示成矿金属物质主要来自围岩,即斑状花岗岩;氢和氧同位素组成表明成矿流体来自花岗岩浆水。成矿时代属早—中海西期。因此可推断,拾金坡金矿床属于与构造_岩浆活动有关的中温岩浆热液成因矿床。     

太行山中段石湖金矿控矿构造分析

以幔枝构造成矿理论为指导,根据石湖金矿的地质特征、成矿物质来源、矿石品位变化、成矿控矿构造分析,指出石湖金矿区深部及外围均具较大找矿潜力。     

豫西金矿地质特征与构造控矿探讨

豫西地区是国家重点金多金属成矿区带,成矿地质条件优越,区内金及多金属矿类型多样。通过对研究区地质特征及成矿地质条件的分析,得出区内金及多金属矿矿床形成受多重因素控制,包括地层、构造以及岩浆岩因素,并且在这些因素中,构造控矿占主导。在此基础上,将研究区内金矿矿床类型分为构造蚀变岩型金矿床、构造破碎带型金矿床、斑岩型金矿床以及爆破角砾岩筒型金矿床4种类型,并对每一种类型选取1个典型的矿床进行具体讲述。依据对研究区成矿地质特征以及5种构造控矿类型的叙述,论述了拆离-变质核杂岩构造对金矿成矿的构造控矿作用和构造控矿规律,并根据该区金矿矿床成矿规律,提出选取找矿靶区的8项依据,最后优选出7处找矿有利靶区。