纪念地质古生物工作者许德佑、陈康、马以思殉难70周年

正2014年4月是中央地质调查所技正许德佑、技佐陈康、练习员马以思三位地质古生物前辈在贵州普安遇难70周年。笔者基于缅怀他们、学习他们,尤其是他们为事业献身的精神而将查阅相关的文献资料整理如下。1944年,正值抗日战争最艰苦的时期,地质古生物工作者仍坚持自己的岗位在荒山野岭里工作。在经济部中央地质调查所所长李春昱的带领之下,职员尹赞勳、许德佑、王超翔、朱夏、陈康、李广源、马以思等人参加中国地质学会在贵阳召开的第20届年会。在4月3日上午举行的地层及古生物论文会中有宣读第102篇许德佑"中国之海相上三叠纪问题"以及第103篇许德佑、陈康"贵州青岩化石群之检讨",并且宣读论     

中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心

中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心（又名成都地质矿产研究所）原名地质部西南地质科学研究所,成立于1962年。是国土资源部的专业地质调查研究机构,直属中国地质调查局领导。主要承担西南地区的国家基础性、公益性地质调查和战略性矿产勘查任务及相关综合研究工作;承担西南地区地质调查资料信息的接收、保管和服务;承担有关项目管理和监管工作;承担中央地质勘查基金西南项目监理部有关职责。     

《中国地质》（双月刊）栏目设置与稿约

<正>(2022年02月)《中国地质》（双月刊）是由中国地质调查局主管、中国地质调查局和中国地质科学院主办的综合性学术期刊,是反映中国地质调查和研究成果的重要载体。《中国地质》（双月刊）立足地质调查,面向地质行业,坚持“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的方针,展示国家层次、高水平的学术科研成果,着重反映地质调查和国家级科研项目中具有创新性、     

关于《中国区域地质》更名及《中国地质》更期的声明

经科学技术部批准，从２００２年起，由国土资源部主管、中国地质调查局主办的《中国区域地质》（季刊）更名为《地质通报》（月刊），《中国地质》由月刊改为季刊。中国地质调查局组织实施的新一轮地质大调查，是基础性、公益性和战略性的地质调查工作，其任务涉及区域地质调查、区域物探化探遥感调查、海洋地质调查与研究、区域矿产及地下水资源远景评价、战略性矿产及地下水源地和重大工程建设的前期地质勘查、地质环境与地质灾害调查评价、油气资源和新能源战略性调查工作、地质调查信息、地质科学研究和勘查技术方法研究等诸多方面，以…     

关于《中国区域地质》更名及《中国地质》更期的声明

经科学技术部批准，从２００２年起，由国土资源部主管、中国地质调查局主办的《中国区域地质》（季刊）更名为《地质通报》（月刊），《中国地质》由月刊改为季刊。中国地质调查局组织实施的新一轮地质大调查，是基础性、公益性和战略性的地质调查工作，其任务涉及区域地质调查、区域物探化探遥感调查、海洋地质调查与研究、区域矿产及地下水资源远景评价、战略性矿产及地下水源地和重大工程建设的前期地质勘查、地质环境与地质灾害调查评价、油气资源和新能源战略性调查工作、地质调查信息、地质科学研究和勘查技术方法研究等诸多方面，以…     

关于《中国区域地质》更名及《中国地质》更期的声明

经科学技术部批准，从２００２年起，由国土资源部主管、中国地质调查局主办的《中国区域地质》（季刊）更名为《地质通报》（月刊），《中国地质》由月刊改为季刊。中国地质调查局组织实施的新一轮地质大调查，是基础性、公益性和战略性的地质调查工作，其任务涉及区域地质调查、区域物探化探遥感调查、海洋地质调查与研究、区域矿产及地下水资源远景评价、战略性矿产及地下水源地和重大工程建设的前期地质勘查、地质环境与地质灾害调查评价、油气资源和新能源战略性调查工作、地质调查信息、地质科学研究和勘查技术方法研究等诸多方面，以…     

关于《中国区域地质》更名和《中国地质》更期的声明

经科学技术部批准，从２００２年起，由国土资源部主管、中国地质调查局主办的《中国区域地质》（季刊）更名为《地质通报》（月刊），《中国地质》由月刊改为季刊。中国地质调查局组织实施的新一轮地质大调查，是基础性、公益性和战略性的地质调查工作，其任务涉及区域地质调查、区域物探化探遥感调查、海洋地质调查与研究、区域矿产及地下水资源远景评价、战略性矿产及地下水源地和重大工程建设的前期地质勘查、地质环境与地质灾害调查评价、油气资源和新能源战略性调查工作、地质调查信息、地质科学研究和勘查技术方法研究等诸多方面，以…     

《中国地质》（双月刊）栏目设置与稿约

<正>(2022年02月)《中国地质》（双月刊）是由中国地质调查局主管、中国地质调查局和中国地质科学院主办的综合性学术期刊,是反映中国地质调查和研究成果的重要载体。《中国地质》（双月刊）立足地质调查,面向地质行业,坚持“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的方针,展示国家层次、高水平的学术科研成果,着重反映地质调查和国家级科研项目中具有创新性、前沿性、综合性、导向性和标志性的研究成果,推出一大批地学科研人才。     

《中国地质》（双月刊）栏目设置与稿约

<正>(2022年02月)《中国地质》（双月刊）是由中国地质调查局主管、中国地质调查局和中国地质科学院主办的综合性学术期刊,是反映中国地质调查和研究成果的重要载体。《中国地质》（双月刊）立足地质调查,面向地质行业,坚持“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的方针,展示国家层次、高水平的学术科研成果,着重反映地质调查和国家级科研项目中具有创新性、前沿性、综合性、导向性和标志性的研究成果,推出一大批地学科研人才。     

贵州省地质学会环境地质专业委员会承办《地质环境保护与地质灾害学术报告会》

2012年4月12-13日,由贵州省地质学会环境地质专业委员会和贵州省地质环境监测院承办的《地质环境保护与地质灾害防治学术报告会》在贵阳举行。会议由省地质学会环境地质专业委员会主任、省地质地质环境监测院院长杨胜元研究员主持。会议邀请了贵州省地矿局工砚耕研究员．中科院贵阳地化所肖唐付研究员,成都理工大学黄润秋教授、许强教授、     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.