Centrifuge modeling of land subsidence caused by the high-rise building group in the soft soil area

With the increase of the high-rise buildings, land subsidence induced by human activities becomes a major problem. Land subsidence occurs slowly, but the accumulation results in the cracks in the road, the damage to the pipelines and in the tilting or the cracking of the buildings. With the withdrawal of groundwater controlled reasonably, the engineering-environmental effect of the dense high-rise building group comes to be the main cause of land subsidence. Based on the high-rise building group in the soft soil area in Shanghai, the mechanism of land subsidence is studied in this paper by the centrifuge model tests. The central area of the building group has larger subsidence and the subsidence superimposition effect is obvious. It can exceed the allowance and cause land subsidence hazard. The land subsidence affected by the different building distances is also studied. For smaller building distances, the subsidence superimposition effect is more obvious. The larger excess pore water pressure in the pile-base supporting layer of the central area shows that the stress superimposition effect is larger. The earth pressure under the buildings fluctuates by the disturbance of the pile tips.     

某高层建筑桩筏基础桩间土反力原位测试研究

通过对陕西省邮政电信网管中心大楼工程的桩筏基础进行原位测试,分析得到了西北黄土地区高层建筑桩筏基础的沉降特性、桩间土反力分布、桩顶反力分布、桩间土与桩承担竖向荷载的比例,其结果可供实际工程设计及高层建筑结构设计计算理论研究参考。     

上海深厚饱和覆盖土层的动力耦合地震反应分析

上海的第四纪沉积土层呈水平层状分布，市区的土层厚度约为270－290m，年平均地下水位0.5-0.7m。上海地区上覆深厚、饱和的沉积土层，对土层的地震反应特性具有重要的影响。基于动力耦合理论，将上海深厚饱和覆盖土层视为由固相和液相组成的两相饱和多孔介质，建立了能够反映上海土层深厚、饱和特点的地震反应计算模型。然后应用该模型，以El Centro,Taft，苏南和唐山地震波作为基岩输入加速度，对深度280m的上海深厚覆盖土层进行了动力耦合地震反应计算，并对加速度、振动孔隙水压力和地基震陷结果进行了分析。     

CFG桩在高层建筑中的应用

民用高层建筑采用CFG桩进行地基处理,具有工程造价低、低噪、环保、质量易控、速度快、工期短等优势。在各种地基处理方法中CFG桩是首选方案。     

浅谈高层建筑物沉降观测

分析了引起高层建筑物沉降的因素，包括与建筑物本身相联系的原因和自然条件引起的变化，论述了沉降观测过程中基准点、观测点的布设，观测方法及周期。     

不同地层条件下复合土钉墙轴力的研究

复合土钉墙是一种新型的支护技术,不同于传统的土钉支护。本文将复合土钉墙支护技术分别应用于饱和黄土地层和粉喷桩复合地层,并通过有限元模拟计算,对其在不同地层条件和不同开挖阶段的轴力情况进行了分析研究。可以看出,复合土钉所受的轴力不仅随地层条件的不同而不同,而且随基坑开挖深度的增加而增大。这些结论将为以后设计复合土钉墙和进行基坑开挖过程中事故的防范提供重要参考     

论上海软土地基⑦⑧⑨层压缩模量Es的定值问题

上海地区深部土层⑦⑧⑨层埋深在30～70m。对其压缩模量Es的定值问题,现行《上海市地基基础设计规范》(DGJ08 11 1999)(后文中简称《规范》)长期以来确定室内试验E0 1～0 2值为沉降计算值,导致沉降计算值与建(构)筑物实际沉降量之间相差2～8倍。为符合规范的变形要求,设计人员不得不采取桩加粗、加长、加密的办法,从而造成桩基投资的极大浪费。为了正确认识深部土层的Es值,上海岩土工程界进行了多种形式的试验研究。近年来,笔者结合上海高、大、深、重建(构)筑物的工程实践,深入进行上海深部⑦⑧⑨层压缩模量Es的试验研究,获得许多新的认识,对其定值问题作了研究,提出⑦⑧⑨层的建议值,供同行参考研讨。     

不同地层条件下复合土钉墙的变形分析及承载机理的研究

复合土钉墙是一种新型的支护技术,不同于传统的土钉支护.本文将复合土钉墙支护技术分别应用于饱和黄土地层和粉喷桩复合地层,并通过有限元模拟计算,对其在不同地层条件和不同开挖阶段的变形及其承载机理进行了分析研究,可以看出,复合土钉墙变形随地层条件的不同而不同,其承载机理也与传统土钉墙有较大差异.这些结论将为以后设计复合土钉墙和进行基坑开挖过程中事故的防范提供重要参考.     

Seismic performance of a high-rise building by using linear and nonlinear methods

Natural Hazards - In this paper, the seismic behavior of the existing reinforced concrete tall building is investigated by using the linear and nonlinear dynamic methods. The selected existing...     

Land subsidence caused by internal soil erosion owing to pumping confined aquifer groundwater during the deep foundation construction in Shanghai

Land subsidence is presented in many factors in different areas with urbanization. Internal soil erosion, owing to pumping confined groundwater during the deep foundation pit construction, has contributed to land subsidence. Four governing equations are presented to describe the process of internal soil erosion based on the mathematical–physical model. The finite element computation results, based on practical deep foundation pit engineering consisted of 8 layers of soil of Shanghai area, demonstrate that internal soil erosion will cause the increment of land subsidence and deformation and is related to the hydraulic gradient and the characters of the soils.     

DX桩在武汉某高层建筑中的应用

DX桩是通过发挥桩身中承力扩大盘的承载力,以达到提高单桩竖向承载力的一种新型钻孔灌注桩.本文介绍该桩的成桩设备和施工工艺以及在武汉某高层建筑桩基工程中的应用.     

上海地区某高层建筑基坑开挖和沉桩环境效应浅析

该文就软土地区高层建筑基础工程施工中,基坑开挖和沉桩挤土产生的环境效应进行了简析,结合工程实例提出了相应的对策。     

打桩挤土的现场试验研究及土体位移的计算公式

打桩挤土使周围土体发生位移,对周围其他桩及附近原有建筑物和基础设施产生破坏。本文通过典型工程打桩过程中的监测数据,运用小孔扩张理论结合回归分析方法导出了计算土体位移量的经验公式。运用该公式可定量预估挤土程度,防止意外事故的发生。     

高层建筑疏桩筏板基础现场实测与分析

桩基础设计时如何考虑桩间土的承载能力,目前还是一个难题,通过对南京大学MBA大楼疏桩筏板基础的原位测试,得到了高层建筑疏桩筏板基础的沉降特性、桩顶压力分布、桩间土压力分布、筏板内钢筋轴力的分布,分析了桩与桩间土承担竖向荷载的比例,肯定了高层建筑应用疏桩基础的可能性,其现场实测结果可供高层建筑基础设计及理论研究作参考。     

不同饱和度土层分界面上剪切波的反射与透射

基于多相孔隙介质弹性理论,给出了非饱和土中不同弹性波的传播方程。根据分界面上的边界条件,建立了各势函数波幅值之间的关系式,讨论了入射剪切波在不同饱和度土层分界面上的反射与透射问题。在无限空间非饱和土体中存在3种压缩波和1种剪切波,因此,当剪切波传播到不同饱和度的非饱和土层分界面上将分别在上、下土层激发产生4种反射波和4种透射波。推导出不同反射波和透射波的振幅比例系数和能量比例系数的理论表达式,并且在此基础上进行数值分析。在数值算例中分别研究了各反射波与透射波的能量比例系数（即能量反射率和能量透射率）受入射频率、入射角度以及上、下土层土体饱和度变化的影响情况。计算结果表明：各能量反射率和能量透射率不仅与入射角和入射频率有关,而且其受上、下土层饱和度变化的影响也同样不能忽视。     

高层建筑刚性桩复合地基反力现场测试研究

基于对高层建筑下带垫层刚性桩复合地基桩及桩间土压力的原位测试结果,分析了复合地基的桩顶及桩间土表面压力分布特征、桩与桩间土荷载分担特性及基础的荷载-沉降特性。实测结果表明,垫层的设置可较好地发挥桩间土的承载力,实现桩土共同承担上部结构荷载。将所得结果与载荷试验得到的结果进行对比,所得结论可供理论研究和工程设计参考。     

地源热泵空调系统的换热工区岩土体温度变化研究

对地源热泵空调系统的运行工况及换热工区岩土体温度变化进行监测,依据对2008～2009年度监测数据的研究分析,对地源热泵空调系统运行所造成的岩土体温度变化趋势、幅度、影响范围以及地下水对岩土体温度变化的影响进行评价,揭示了岩土体温度的自然恢复特性。     

Numerical investigation of the failure of a building in Shanghai,China

The overturning failure of a 13 storey residential building in Shanghai, China, has been investigated by plane strain finite element analysis (FEA). The results of the FEA indicate that ultimate failure of the building was probably initiated by the formation of tensile cracking in the reinforced concrete piles located under the side of the building adjacent to an excavation. This eventually led to complete structural failure of the piles located along the excavation side, which probably caused further settlement of the building, leading eventually to a toppling failure resulting in overturning of the entire building. Excessive tensile stress in the piles was probably caused by the combination of excavation of soil at one side of the building and the temporary dumping of the excavated soil on the opposite side of the building. It is likely that the effect of temporary dumping of the excavated soil adjacent to the building was either not considered or not properly taken into account in the foundation design nor the construction operations. A simple but important lesson to be draw from this failure is the need for engineers who design foundations in soft soil regions to consider not only the final loading conditions, but also any temporary and transient loading conditions during the construction process.