Bulk viscous cosmological models of universe with variable deceleration parameter in Lyra’s Manifold

FRW models of universe in the presence of viscous fluid are investigated in the cosmological theory based on Lyra’s Manifold. By considering the deceleration parameter to be a variable and the viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid to be a constant, exacts solutions have been obtained from which three forms of model of the universe are derived. The physical properties of the models are also investigated.     

Plane symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological models with a perfect fluid in General Relativity II

We investigate a class of solutions of Einstein equations for the plane symmetric perfect fluid case. If these solutions have shear, they must necessarily be non-static. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.      

Cosmological models with generalised gravitational and cosmological constants

We consider cosmology with the gravitational and cosmological constants generalized as coupling scalars in Einstein’s theory. A general method of solving the field equations is given. We study here the exact solutions for negative pressure models satisfying G=G ₀(R/R ₀) ⁿ .     

Cosmological models with time-varying gravitational and cosmological “constants”

The evolution and dynamics of a locally-rotationally-symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-V space-time cosmological models are discussed with variable gravitational and cosmological “constants” in context of the particle creation. We present the exact solutions of Einstein field equations by using a power-law form of the average scale factor of the metric in the case of the particle creation and in the absence of particle creation. The solution describes the particle and entropy generation in the anisotropic cosmological models. The particle creation rate is uniquely determined by the variation of gravitational and cosmological “constants”. We observe that the variable gravitational constant does not necessarily imply particle creation. In a generic situation, models can be interpolated between different phases of the universe. The dynamical behaviors of the solutions and kinematical parameters of the model are discussed in detail.     

Bianchi type-I cosmological models with time dependent G and Λ

Einstein field equations with variable gravitational and cosmological constants are considered in the presence of perfect fluid for Bianchi type-I universe by assuming the cosmological term proportional to the Hubble parameter. This variation law for vacuum density has recently been proposed by Schützhold on the basis of quantum field estimations in the curved and expanding background. The model obtained approaches isotropy. The cosmological term tends asymptotically to a genuine cosmological constant, and the model tends to a deSitter universe. We obtain that the present universe is accelerating with a large fraction of cosmological density in the form of cosmological term.     

General class of Bianchi cosmological models with Λ in creation-field cosmology

The solutions of Einstein’s equations with cosmological constant (Λ) in the presence of a creation field have been obtained for general class of anisotropic cosmological models. We have obtained the cosmological solutions for two different scenarios of average scale factor. In first case, we have discussed three different types of physically viable cosmological solutions of average scale factor for the general class of Bianchi cosmological models by using a special law for deceleration parameter which is linear in time with a negative slope. In second case, we have discussed another three different forms of cosmological solutions by using the average scale factor in three different scenarios like Intermediate scenario, Logamediate scenario and Emergent scenario. All physical parameters are calculated and discussed in each physical viable cosmological model. We examine the nature of creation field and cosmological constant is dominated the early Universe but they do not survive for long time and finally tends to zero for large cosmic time t. We have also discussed the all energy conditions in each cases.     

Is the CMB shift parameter connected with the growth of cosmological perturbations?

We verify numerically that in the context of general relativity (GR), flat models which have the same Ω_m and cosmic microwave background (CMB) shift parameter R but different   H ( a )  and w ( a ) also have very similar (within less than 8 per cent) growth of perturbations even though the dark energy density evolution is quite different. This provides a direct connection between geometrical and dynamical tests of dark energy and may be used as a cosmological test of GR.     

Plane symmetric inhomogeneous perfect fluid universe with electromagnetic field in Lyra geometry

A new class of plane-symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological models of perfect fluid distribution with electro-magnetic field based on Lyra’s geometry is obtained by considering a time dependent displacement field. The source of the magnetic field is due to an electric current produced along the z-axis. Only F ₁₂ is a non-vanishing component of electromagnetic field tensor. To get the deterministic solutions, the free gravitational field is assumed to be of Petrov type-II non-degenerate. It has been found that the displacement vector β(t) behaves like cosmological term Λ which is consistent with the recent observations of type Ia supernovae. It is also observed that β(t) affects entropy. Some geometric and physical behaviour of the models are also discussed in presence of magnetic field.      

Zero mass scalar field with bulk viscous cosmological solutions in Lyra geometry

In this paper, we have investigated spatially homogeneous isotropic Friedmann cosmological model with bulk viscosity and zero-mass scalar field in Lyra manifold. The cosmological models are obtained with the help of the special law of variation for Hubble’s parameter proposed by Bermann (Nuovo Cimento 74B:182, 1983) and power law relation. Some physical properties of the models are discussed.     

Bianchi type-I cosmological models with time dependent q and Λ-term in general relativity

On getting motivation from increasing evidence for the need of a geometry that resembles Bianchi morphology to explain the observed anisotropy in the WMAP data, Einstein’s field equations with variable cosmological “constant” are considered in presence of perfect fluid for a homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I space-time. Einstein’s field equations are solved by considering a time dependent deceleration parameter which affords a late time acceleration in the universe. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be a decreasing function of time and it approaches a small positive value at the present epoch which is corroborated by consequences from recent supernovae Ia observations. From recently developed Statefinder pair, the behavior of different stages of the evolution of the universe has been studied. The physical significance of the cosmological models have also been discussed.     

Bulk viscous fluid hypersurface–homogeneous cosmological models with time varying G and Λ

Hypersurface–homogeneous cosmological models containing a bulk viscous fluid with time varying G and Λ have been presented. We have shown that the field equations are solvable for any arbitrary cosmic scale function. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of the energy density. Exact solutions of Einstein’s field equations are obtained which represent an expanding, shearing and accelerating/decelerating models of the universe. The physical and kinematical behaviours of the models are also discussed.     

Bianchi type-I models in self-creation cosmology with constant deceleration parameter

We have studied the evolution of homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I cosmological models filled with perfect fluid in Barber second self-creation theory by assuming a special law of variation for Hubble’s parameter that yield a constant value of deceleration parameter. Some physical consequences of the models have been discussed in case of Zel’dovich fluid and radiation dominated fluid.     

Bianchi type-I cosmological models with variable G and Λ-term in general relativity

Einstein’s field equations with variable gravitational and cosmological “constant” are considered in presence of perfect fluid for Bianchi type-I space-time. Consequences of the four cases of the phenomenological decay of Λ have been discussed which are consistent with observations. The physical significance of the cosmological models have also been discussed.      

Bianchi type I two-fluid cosmological models with a variable G and Λ

This paper presents anisotropic, homogeneous two-fluid cosmological models in a Bianchi type I space–time with a variable gravitational constant G and cosmological constant Λ. In the two-fluid model, one fluid represents the matter content of the universe and another fluid is chosen to model the CMB radiation. We find a variety of solutions in which the cosmological parameter varies inversely with time t. We also discuss in detail the behavior of associated fluid parameters and kinematical parameters. This paper pictures cosmic history when the radiation and matter content of the universe are in an interactive phase. Here, Ω is closing to 1 throughout the cosmic evolution.      

LRS Bianchi type-I models with constant deceleration parameter in?creation field cosmology

We have studied Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I space-time having constant deceleration parameter and filled with perfect fluid in the Hoyle-Narlikar C-field cosmology. Here, the creation field C is a function of time t only. The geometrical and physical aspects for the models are also studied.     

Anisotropic string cosmological models in Lyra’s geometry

In this paper, we constructed some five dimensional LRS Bianchi type-I string cosmological models based on Lyra geometry and studied some physical and geometrical properties of the models.     

Some Bianchi type-II cosmological models in Brans–Dicke theory

In this work, the Bianchi type-II anisotropic cosmological models have been investigated in the context of Brans–Dicke (BD) theory in the presence as well as absence of a magnetic field. The energy conditions of the models have been examined. The physical and kinematical behaviors of the models have also been discussed.     

Rotating anisotropic two-fluid magnetocharged cosmological models in general relativity

Presenting some interesting new solutions, rotating models of anisotropic two-fluid universes coupled with a magnetic field are investigated and studied, where the anisotropic pressure is generated by the presence of two non-interacting perfect fluids which are in relative motion with respect to each other. Here special discussion is made of the physically interesting class of models in which one fluid is a comoving radiative perfect fluid which is taken to model the cosmic microwave background and the second a non-comoving perfect fluid which will model the observed material content of the universe. Besides studying their physical and dynamical properties the effects of rotation on these models are studied and the reactions of the magnetic and gravitational fields with respect to the rotational motion are discussed. Analysis on the rotational perturbations are also made, in the course of which the amount of anisotropy induced in pressure distribution by a small deviation from the Friedmann metric is also investigated. The models obtained here are found to be theoretically satisfactory and thereby substantiates the possibilities of existence of such astrophysical objects in this Universe and may be taken as good examples of real astrophysical situations.     

Bianchi type-I string cosmological models in bimetric theory of gravitation

Bianchi type-I string cosmological models are obtained in bimetric theory of gravitation proposed by Rosen (Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 4:435, 1973). Established the existence of string cosmological models, unlike the earlier authors, in this theory and studied some physical and geometrical properties.